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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 2-Methyl-2-(propane-2-sulfinyl)butane 65887-68-5 C8H18OS
2-Methyl-2-(propane-2-sulfinyl)butane
—— 6-methylsulfanyl-3-trimethylsilanyloxy-5-trimethylsilanylsulfanyl-[1,2,4]triazine 65533-29-1 C10H21N3OS2Si2
6-methylsulfanyl-3-trimethylsilanyloxy-5-trimethylsilanylsulfanyl-[1,2,4]triazine
—— 8-(Phenylsulfanyl)cyclooct-4-en-1-one 65756-03-8 C14H16OS
8-(Phenylsulfanyl)cyclooct-4-en-1-one
—— thiazole-2,4-diylbissulfanyl-bis-acetic acid 65772-20-5 C7H7NO4S3
thiazole-2,4-diylbissulfanyl-bis-acetic acid
—— 2-Anilino-3-(tert-butylsulfanyl)cycloprop-2-ene-1-thione 65550-14-3 C13H15NS2
2-Anilino-3-(tert-butylsulfanyl)cycloprop-2-ene-1-thione
—— Methyl (2-chloro-2-oxoethanesulfonyl)acetate 65663-17-4 C5H7ClO5S
Methyl (2-chloro-2-oxoethanesulfonyl)acetate
—— 4,4'-Sulfanediylbis(2-tert-butyl-5-decylphenol) 65540-99-0 C40H66O2S
4,4'-Sulfanediylbis(2-tert-butyl-5-decylphenol)
—— N-[2-(Butylsulfanyl)-1-methoxyethenyl]butan-1-amine 65388-70-7 C11H23NOS
N-[2-(Butylsulfanyl)-1-methoxyethenyl]butan-1-amine
—— 1-methanesulfonyl-5,5-dimethyl-hex-1-en-3-yne 43185-37-1 C9H14O2S
1-methanesulfonyl-5,5-dimethyl-hex-1-en-3-yne
—— 3-(Octadecylsulfanyl)prop-2-EN-1-OL 65501-70-4 C21H42OS
3-(Octadecylsulfanyl)prop-2-EN-1-OL
—— 2-Undecyl-1lambda~6~-thietane-1,1-dione 65412-22-8 C14H28O2S
2-Undecyl-1lambda~6~-thietane-1,1-dione
—— [(1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-Heptadecafluoronon-1-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]benzene 65079-24-5 C15H5F17S
[(1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-Heptadecafluoronon-1-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]benzene
—— 1-Methanesulfinyl-3-(3-methoxy-3-methyl-cyclopentyl)-propan-2-one 65043-71-2 C11H20O3S
1-Methanesulfinyl-3-(3-methoxy-3-methyl-cyclopentyl)-propan-2-one
—— 1,2-Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)ethene 65100-18-7 C4H2F6O4S2
1,2-Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)ethene
—— [(1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-Undecafluorohex-1-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]benzene 65079-22-3 C12H5F11S
[(1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-Undecafluorohex-1-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]benzene
—— (2-Hydroxy-propyl)-propyl-thiocarbamic acid S-ethyl ester 65109-69-5 C9H19NO2S
(2-Hydroxy-propyl)-propyl-thiocarbamic acid S-ethyl ester
—— 1-[2,4-Bis(phenylsulfanyl)cyclopentyl]ethan-1-one 65105-78-4 C19H20OS2
1-[2,4-Bis(phenylsulfanyl)cyclopentyl]ethan-1-one
—— 5-(Chloromethyl)-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dithiine-2,3-dicarbonitrile 64834-87-3 C7H5ClN2S2
5-(Chloromethyl)-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dithiine-2,3-dicarbonitrile
—— Phenyl-pyridinthiohydroximat 65010-66-4 C12H10N2OS
Phenyl-pyridinthiohydroximat
—— Methyl 7-oxo-7-[(pyridin-2-yl)sulfanyl]heptanoate 64888-98-8 C13H17NO3S
Methyl 7-oxo-7-[(pyridin-2-yl)sulfanyl]heptanoate
—— Propylidenesulfanium 64840-97-7 C3H7S+
Propylidenesulfanium
—— 1-Cyano-2-trimethylsilyloxy-3-trimethylen-dithio-1-buten 64714-88-1 C11H19NOS2Si
1-Cyano-2-trimethylsilyloxy-3-trimethylen-dithio-1-buten
—— [(2-Ethoxy-4,4-dimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]benzene 64793-09-5 C16H22OS
[(2-Ethoxy-4,4-dimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]benzene
—— 5-Benzyl-2,4-dimethylthiopyrimidin 64694-32-2 C13H14N2S2
5-Benzyl-2,4-dimethylthiopyrimidin
—— 4-Amino-6-[(furan-2-yl)methyl]-3-(methylsulfanyl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one 64529-66-4 C9H10N4O2S
4-Amino-6-[(furan-2-yl)methyl]-3-(methylsulfanyl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one
—— Bis[bis(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]mercury 64148-05-6 C26H22HgS4
Bis[bis(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]mercury
—— {[(Benzylsulfanyl)(methanesulfonyl)methyl]sulfanyl}benzene 64568-22-5 C15H16O2S3
{[(Benzylsulfanyl)(methanesulfonyl)methyl]sulfanyl}benzene
—— 1-[(2-Methoxyethyl)sulfanyl]prop-1-ene 64349-07-1 C6H12OS
1-[(2-Methoxyethyl)sulfanyl]prop-1-ene
—— Bromo(methanesulfonyl)acetyl chloride 64061-85-4 C3H4BrClO3S
Bromo(methanesulfonyl)acetyl chloride
—— 2-(2-Bromo-phenylsulfanyl)-benzoic acid ethyl ester 63743-92-0 C15H13BrO2S
2-(2-Bromo-phenylsulfanyl)-benzoic acid ethyl ester
—— 1-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentane-2-sulfinyl)decan-2-OL 64461-01-4 C18H38O2S
1-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentane-2-sulfinyl)decan-2-OL
—— 4-Methyl-2-(phenylsulfanyl)pent-2-enoyl azide 64188-32-5 C12H13N3OS
4-Methyl-2-(phenylsulfanyl)pent-2-enoyl azide
—— 2-Aethylmercapto-1.3-diaza-azulen 63710-76-9 C10H10N2S
2-Aethylmercapto-1.3-diaza-azulen
—— 8-Methyl-2,3-dihydro-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridin-5-one;trihydrate 63707-37-9 C8H15NO4S
8-Methyl-2,3-dihydro-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridin-5-one;trihydrate
—— 5-Bromo-1-methyl-4-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one 63822-83-3 C6H7BrN2OS
5-Bromo-1-methyl-4-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one
—— 2-(Methanesulfinyl)-3-methylpenta-1,3-diene 63464-77-7 C7H12OS
2-(Methanesulfinyl)-3-methylpenta-1,3-diene
—— S-[2-(Methylsulfanyl)ethyl] dimethylcarbamothioate 63555-18-0 C6H13NOS2
S-[2-(Methylsulfanyl)ethyl] dimethylcarbamothioate
—— 1-[(But-1-en-3-yn-1-yl)sulfanyl]-9,9-dimethyldecane 63625-27-4 C16H28S
1-[(But-1-en-3-yn-1-yl)sulfanyl]-9,9-dimethyldecane
—— 1-(3-Bromopropoxy)-4-(phenylsulfanyl)benzene 63457-61-4 C15H15BrOS
1-(3-Bromopropoxy)-4-(phenylsulfanyl)benzene
—— 4-Methyl-2-(4-methyl-2H-1,3-benzodithiol-2-ylidene)-2H-1,3-benzodithiole 63726-92-1 C16H12S4
4-Methyl-2-(4-methyl-2H-1,3-benzodithiol-2-ylidene)-2H-1,3-benzodithiole
—— 4-methanesulfinyl-3,3-dimethyl-4-methylsulfanyl-pent-1-ene 63344-06-9 C9H18OS2
4-methanesulfinyl-3,3-dimethyl-4-methylsulfanyl-pent-1-ene
—— 1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-[(pentylsulfanyl)methyl]cyclohex-1-ene 62754-47-6 C15H28S
1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-[(pentylsulfanyl)methyl]cyclohex-1-ene
—— 4-Methyl-2-[(1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethyl)sulfanyl]pyrimidine 63274-27-1 C7H6Cl4N2S
4-Methyl-2-[(1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethyl)sulfanyl]pyrimidine
—— 1-(Methanesulfinyl)-2-methylprop-1-ene 63315-65-1 C5H10OS
1-(Methanesulfinyl)-2-methylprop-1-ene
—— 3,3,10,10-Tetramethyl-1,2-dithia-5,8-diazacyclododecane 632330-79-1 C12H26N2S2
3,3,10,10-Tetramethyl-1,2-dithia-5,8-diazacyclododecane
—— 2-(dodecane-1-sulfinyl)-prop-2-en-1-ol 63107-07-3 C15H30O2S
2-(dodecane-1-sulfinyl)-prop-2-en-1-ol
—— S-(2-Methylbutyl) (3,7-dimethyloctyl)carbamothioate 63194-06-9 C16H33NOS
S-(2-Methylbutyl) (3,7-dimethyloctyl)carbamothioate
—— Dihydroxy(oxo)phosphanium;thiourea 63075-83-2 CH6N2O3PS+
Dihydroxy(oxo)phosphanium;thiourea
—— Tributyl(3-isothiocyanatopropyl)silane 63007-94-3 C16H33NSSi
Tributyl(3-isothiocyanatopropyl)silane
—— (E)-3-Phenylsulfanyl-acrylic acid 2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethyl ester 63067-83-4 C14H18O4S
(E)-3-Phenylsulfanyl-acrylic acid 2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethyl ester