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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— Tributyl{2-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]ethenyl}germane 61264-57-1 C17H36GeS
Tributyl{2-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]ethenyl}germane
—— Triethyl{2-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]ethenyl}germane 61264-55-9 C11H24GeS
Triethyl{2-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]ethenyl}germane
—— 2-Thiabicyclo[3.2.2]nona-3,6,8-triene 61281-59-2 C8H8S
2-Thiabicyclo[3.2.2]nona-3,6,8-triene
—— Trimethyl{2-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]ethenyl}germane 61264-54-8 C8H18GeS
Trimethyl{2-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]ethenyl}germane
—— 3-Ethyl-2,2-bis(methylsulfanyl)oct-4-enenitrile 61223-66-3 C12H21NS2
3-Ethyl-2,2-bis(methylsulfanyl)oct-4-enenitrile
—— 2-Hydrazinylidene-3-oxobutanethioamide 61254-85-1 C4H7N3OS
2-Hydrazinylidene-3-oxobutanethioamide
—— 4-Methyl-2,2-bis(methylsulfanyl)hex-4-enenitrile 61223-67-4 C9H15NS2
4-Methyl-2,2-bis(methylsulfanyl)hex-4-enenitrile
—— 2,2-Bis-methylsulfanyl-3-vinyl-hexanenitrile 61223-65-2 C10H17NS2
2,2-Bis-methylsulfanyl-3-vinyl-hexanenitrile
—— (Methylsulfanyl)[(oct-5-en-4-yl)sulfanyl]acetonitrile 61223-58-3 C11H19NS2
(Methylsulfanyl)[(oct-5-en-4-yl)sulfanyl]acetonitrile
—— (1,2-Dimethyl-allylsulfanyl)-methylsulfanyl-acetonitrile 61223-59-4 C8H13NS2
(1,2-Dimethyl-allylsulfanyl)-methylsulfanyl-acetonitrile
—— 4-Chloro-2-[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]phenol 61151-24-4 C13H11ClOS
4-Chloro-2-[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]phenol
—— Acetic acid--1-(phenylsulfanyl)hexan-1-ol (1/1) 61174-03-6 C14H22O3S
Acetic acid--1-(phenylsulfanyl)hexan-1-ol (1/1)
—— Acetic acid--2-ethoxy-1-(phenylsulfanyl)ethan-1-ol (1/1) 61174-02-5 C12H18O4S
Acetic acid--2-ethoxy-1-(phenylsulfanyl)ethan-1-ol (1/1)
—— Acetic acid--1,2-bis(phenylsulfanyl)ethan-1-ol (1/1) 61174-04-7 C16H18O3S2
Acetic acid--1,2-bis(phenylsulfanyl)ethan-1-ol (1/1)
—— S-Methyl (2-(methylamino)ethyl)carbamothioate 61191-42-2 C5H12N2OS
S-Methyl (2-(methylamino)ethyl)carbamothioate
—— Methylsulfanylcarbonylazanium;chloride —— C2H6ClNOS
Methylsulfanylcarbonylazanium;chloride
—— tert-Butyl 2-(phenylsulfanyl)benzoate 61183-68-4 C17H18O2S
tert-Butyl 2-(phenylsulfanyl)benzoate
—— 2-Nitrophenyl-2-(trifluormethylphenyl)sulfid 61174-08-1 C13H8F3NO2S
2-Nitrophenyl-2-(trifluormethylphenyl)sulfid
—— 4-Bromo-2-[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]phenol 61151-25-5 C13H11BrOS
4-Bromo-2-[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]phenol
—— 6-methylsulfanyl-5-phenyl-thiopyran-2-thione 61149-40-4 C12H10S3
6-methylsulfanyl-5-phenyl-thiopyran-2-thione
—— (E)-N-{2-[(4-Methylphenyl)sulfanyl]phenyl}-1-phenylmethanimine 61144-92-1 C20H17NS
(E)-N-{2-[(4-Methylphenyl)sulfanyl]phenyl}-1-phenylmethanimine
—— 4-Chloro-2,6-bis[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]phenol 61151-09-5 C20H17ClOS2
4-Chloro-2,6-bis[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]phenol
—— 4-Bromo-2,6-bis[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]phenol 61151-10-8 C20H17BrOS2
4-Bromo-2,6-bis[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]phenol
—— 1,1,1-Trifluoro-3,3-dimethylbutane-2-thione 61121-94-6 C6H9F3S
1,1,1-Trifluoro-3,3-dimethylbutane-2-thione
—— Ethyl 3-(pentylamino)-3-sulfanylidenepropanoate 61122-97-2 C10H19NO2S
Ethyl 3-(pentylamino)-3-sulfanylidenepropanoate
—— 3-Thio-1,3-cyclobutandion 61107-56-0 C4H4OS
3-Thio-1,3-cyclobutandion
—— Acetic acid;3-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropane-1,1-diol 61062-74-6 C13H18Cl2O6S
Acetic acid;3-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropane-1,1-diol
—— Acetic acid;3-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropan-1-ol 61062-72-4 C11H14Cl2O3S
Acetic acid;3-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylpropan-1-ol
—— Acetic acid;4-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylbutan-1-ol 61016-64-6 C12H17ClO3S
Acetic acid;4-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylbutan-1-ol
—— (1S,4R)-4-(Phenylsulfanyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-ol 60789-36-8 C12H14OS
(1S,4R)-4-(Phenylsulfanyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-ol
—— 2-Methylthio-2-hexen-4-in 30169-60-9 C7H10S
2-Methylthio-2-hexen-4-in
—— 2-Mercapto-4-methoxy-phenylsulfid 60719-00-8 C13H12OS2
2-Mercapto-4-methoxy-phenylsulfid
—— 4-Methoxy-2-{[5-methoxy-2-(phenylsulfanyl)phenyl]sulfanyl}aniline 60719-03-1 C20H19NO2S2
4-Methoxy-2-{[5-methoxy-2-(phenylsulfanyl)phenyl]sulfanyl}aniline
—— 2-[(Naphthalen-2-yl)sulfanyl]pyrimidin-4-amine 60722-74-9 C14H11N3S
2-[(Naphthalen-2-yl)sulfanyl]pyrimidin-4-amine
—— 5-Methoxy-2-{[5-methoxy-2-(phenylsulfanyl)phenyl]sulfanyl}aniline 60719-02-0 C20H19NO2S2
5-Methoxy-2-{[5-methoxy-2-(phenylsulfanyl)phenyl]sulfanyl}aniline
—— 2-(Phenylsulfanyl)ethyl (acetyloxy)acetate 60359-70-8 C12H14O4S
2-(Phenylsulfanyl)ethyl (acetyloxy)acetate
—— 2-(1-p-Tolyl-ethylsulfanyl)-pyridine 1-oxide 60263-85-6 C14H15NOS
2-(1-p-Tolyl-ethylsulfanyl)-pyridine 1-oxide
—— 2-methoxy-5-methylthio-3-nitroprop-1-enylthiophene 71908-81-1 C9H11NO3S2
2-methoxy-5-methylthio-3-nitroprop-1-enylthiophene
—— Bis-<4-carboxy-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorphenyl>-sulfid 60435-72-5 C14H2F8O4S
Bis-<4-carboxy-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorphenyl>-sulfid
—— Lithium 2,4-bis(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-5-ide 60335-26-4 C6H7LiN2S2
Lithium 2,4-bis(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-5-ide
—— 2-{[(2,2-Dichloro-1-methylcyclopropyl)methyl]sulfanyl}-1-oxo-1lambda~5~-pyridine 60263-98-1 C10H11Cl2NOS
2-{[(2,2-Dichloro-1-methylcyclopropyl)methyl]sulfanyl}-1-oxo-1lambda~5~-pyridine
—— 1-Methyl-4-[1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylhex-1-en-2-ylsulfanyl]benzene 766536-24-7 C20H24S2
1-Methyl-4-[1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylhex-1-en-2-ylsulfanyl]benzene
—— O-Tetradecyl hydrogen carbonodithioate 6053-38-9 C15H30OS2
O-Tetradecyl hydrogen carbonodithioate
—— (Octahydro-1'H-spiro[1,3-dithiolane-2,2'-naphthalen]-6'-yl)acetic acid 6710-13-0 C14H22O2S2
(Octahydro-1'H-spiro[1,3-dithiolane-2,2'-naphthalen]-6'-yl)acetic acid
—— Carbamothioyl iodide 60253-81-8 CH2INS
Carbamothioyl iodide
—— 4-(Dioxo-lambda~6~-sulfanylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-imine 78810-64-7 C6H5NO2S
4-(Dioxo-lambda~6~-sulfanylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-imine
—— 1-[(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)sulfanyl]naphthalen-2-amine 78103-67-0 C16H11N3O4S
1-[(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)sulfanyl]naphthalen-2-amine
—— 1,2,3,4,5-Pentabromo-6-[(2,3,4,5-tetrabromophenyl)sulfanyl]benzene 73785-25-8 C12HBr9S
1,2,3,4,5-Pentabromo-6-[(2,3,4,5-tetrabromophenyl)sulfanyl]benzene
—— S-(5-Methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) (thiophen-2-yl)ethanethioate 79825-44-8 C9H8N2OS3
S-(5-Methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) (thiophen-2-yl)ethanethioate
—— 2-(Ethylsulfanyl)-5-[(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole 796882-72-9 C13H16N2S3
2-(Ethylsulfanyl)-5-[(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole