酚类是一大类化合物,它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基(-OH)直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中,并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。
结构与分类酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同,可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类:
酚类可以通过多种途径制备:
尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景,但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。
以上是对酚类的简单介绍,涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-(2-羟基-5-叔壬基苯基)乙酮肟 | 1-(2-Hydroxy-5-tert-nonylphenyl)ethan-1-one oxime | 68517-09-9 | C17H27NO2 |
| 1-(2-羟基-4-硝基苯基)-3-甲基硫脲 | 1-(2-Hydroxy-4-nitro-phenyl)-3-methyl-thiourea | 34725-26-3 | C8H9N3O3S |
| 1-(2-羟基-4-硝基苯基)-3-(3-甲氧基苯基)脲 | N-(2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)-N'-(3-methoxyphenyl)urea | 88846-90-6 | C14H13N3O5 |
| 1-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-甲基-2-丁烯-1-酮 | 1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2-buten-1-one | 54874-23-6 | C12H14O3 |
| 1-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基-苯基)-丙烯酮 | 1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-propenone | 857611-02-0 | C10H10O3 |
| 1-(2-羟基-4-甲基苯基)-乙酮肟 | 2-Hydroxy-4-methylacetophenonoxim | 36380-97-9 | C9H11NO2 |
| 1-(2-羟基-4-(2-羟基乙基)苯基)乙烷-1,2-二醇 | 1-[2-Hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenyl]ethane-1,2-diol | 188110-00-1 | C10H14O4 |
| 1-(2-羟基-3,5-二硝基苯基)乙酮 | 2'-hydroxy-3',5'-dinitroacetophenone | 69027-37-8 | C8H6N2O6 |
| 1-(2-羟基-3,4,6-三甲氧基-苯基)-3-甲基-丁-2-烯-1-酮 | 1-(2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxy-phenyl)-3-methyl-but-2-en-1-one | 100972-77-8 | C14H18O5 |
| 1-(2-溴苯基)-3-(2-羟基-4-硝基苯基)脲 | 1-(2-bromophenyl)-3-(2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)urea | 182498-32-4 | C13H10BrN3O4 |
| 1-(2-氟-3-羟基-6-硝基苯基)丙烷-2-酮 | 1-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-6-nitrophenyl)propan-2-one | 649736-31-2 | C9H8FNO4 |
| 1-(2-全氟辛基)-乙氧基-4-羟基苯 | 1-(2-perfluorooctyl)-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzene | 193529-93-0 | C16H9F17O2 |
| 1-(2-(苄氧基)乙基)-4-甲氧基苯 | 1-(2-(benzyloxy)ethyl)-4-methoxybenzene | 1258760-02-9 | C16H18O2 |
| 1-(2,5-二羟基苯基)-3-(呋喃-2-基)丙-2-烯-1-酮 | 3-(2-furanyl)-1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one | 140660-44-2 | C13H10O4 |
| 1-(2,4-二羟基-3-甲基苯基)-3-甲基丁-2-烯-1-酮 | 1-(2,4-dihydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-3-methylbut-2-en-1-one | 121485-17-4 | C12H14O3 |
| 1-(2,4-二羟基-3,5-二硝基苯基)乙酮 | 2,4-dihydroxy-3,5-dinitroacetophenone | 54917-82-7 | C8H6N2O7 |
| 1-(2'-羟基苯基)丙-2-烯-1-醇 | 2-(1-hydroxyallyl)phenol | 38865-40-6 | C9H10O2 |
| 1-(2'-羟基苯基)-丙烷-1,3-二酮-1,3-二肟 | 1-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-propane-1,3-dione-1,3-dioxime | 66665-81-4 | C9H10N2O3 |
| 1,5-双-(3-羟基苯基)戊烷 | 3,3'-(pentane-1,5-diyl)diphenol | 10365-56-7 | C17H20O2 |
| 1,5-双(4-羟基苯基)-3-戊酮 | 1,5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-pentanone | 93652-23-4 | C17H18O3 |
| 1,5-二羟基-2,4-二(甲基氨基)苯 | 1,5-dihydroxy-2,4-di(methylamino)benzene | 1008532-99-7 | C8H12N2O2 |
| 1,4-双-(3,4-二羟基苄基)哌嗪 | 1,4-bis-(3,4-dihydroxybenzyl) piperazine | 633699-76-0 | C18H22N2O4 |
| 1,4-二羟基-2-碘苯 | 2-iodo-hydroquinone | 23030-43-5 | C6H5IO2 |
| 1,4-二羟基-2-乙基苯 | 2-ethylhydroquinone | 2349-70-4 | C8H10O2 |
| 1,4-二羟基-2,3-二溴苯 | 2,3-dibromo-hydroquinone | 6363-31-1 | C6H4Br2O2 |
| 1,4-二(4'-羟基苯)-1,3-丁二炔 | 4,4-dihydroxydiphenyldiacetylene | 3910-15-4 | C16H10O2 |
| 1,4-丁二醇,2,3-二硝基 | 2,5-dimethoxyhydroquinone | 13239-13-9 | C8H10O4 |
| 1,3-苯二醇,4-溴-2-甲基- | 4-Bromo-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol | 139553-46-1 | C7H7BrO2 |
| 1,3-苯二酚与2-呋喃甲醇的聚合物 | Benzene-1,3-diol;furan-2-ylmethanol | 67939-71-3 | C11H12O4 |
| 1,3-环丁二羧酸,2,4-二(4-羟基-3-甲氧苯基)-,1,3-二[(4R,4aS,6R,7S,7aR)-八氢-2,4,7-三甲基-1H-环戊二烯并[c]吡啶-6-基]酯,(1a,2b,3b,4a)- | Incarvillateine | 129748-10-3 | C42H58N2O8 |
| 1,3-双(4-羟基苯氧基)丙烷 | 4,4'-propanediyldioxy-di-phenol | 10439-48-2 | C15H16O4 |
| 1,3-二羟基-2,4,5,6-四氟苯 | tetrafluororesorcinol | 16840-25-8 | C6H2F4O2 |
| 1,3-二甲氧基-4-羟基-2-异丙基苯 | 1,3-Dimethoxy-4-hydroxy-2-isopropylbenzene | 144707-39-1 | C11H16O3 |
| 1,3-二甲基-5-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基氨基甲酰基)巴比妥酸 | 1,3-dimethyl-5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylcarbamoyl)barbituric acid | 105328-59-4 | C14H15N3O6 |
| 1,3-二溴-2,5-二羟基苯 | 2,6-dibromohydroquinone | 3333-25-3 | C6H4Br2O2 |
| 1,3-二氢-2,1-苯并恶唑-1,5-二醇 | benzo[c][1,2]oxaborole-1,5(3H)-diol | 1187190-70-0 | C7H7BO3 |
| 1,3-二氢-1-羟基-2,1-色氨酸-6-醇 | benzo[c][1,2]oxaborole-1,6(3H)-diol | 1196473-37-6 | C7H7BO3 |
| 1,3-二[4-(2-甲氧基乙基)苯氧基]-2-丙醇 | 1,3-di-(4-(2-methoxy)ethylphenyl)oxy-2-propanol | 230975-30-1 | C21H28O5 |
| 1,3-二[(4-氧代-1-环己-2,5-二烯亚基)甲基氨基]硫脲 | bis-(4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-thio carbonohydrazide | 6970-40-7 | C15H14N4O2S |
| 1,3-(13C6)苯二酚 | [13C6]resorcinol | 953390-31-3 | C6H6O2 |
| 1,3,5-苯三醇单十六烷基醚 | 1,3,5-benzenetriol monohexadecyl ether | 102944-32-1 | C22H38O3 |
| 1,3,5-三羟基2-甲氧基苯 | Iretol | 487-71-8 | C7H8O4 |
| 1,3,5-三羟基2-溴苯 | 2-bromophloroglucinol | 84743-77-1 | C6H5BrO3 |
| 1,3,5-三羟基2,4-二溴苯 | dibromophloroglucinol | 84743-75-9 | C6H4Br2O3 |
| 1,3,5-三羟基-2,4-二甲氧基苯 | 1,3,5-trihydroxy-2,4-dimethoxybenzene | 1201-06-5 | C8H10O5 |
| 1,3,5-三羟基-2,4,6-三氨基苯 | triaminophloroglucinol hydrogen sulfate | 114491-15-5 | C6H9N3O3 |
| 1,3,5-三羟基-2,4,6-三氘苯 | (2,4,6-D3)Phloroglucin | 1036711-64-4 | C6H6O3 |
| 1,3,5-三(5-氯-2-羟基苯基)-2,4-二氮杂-1,4-戊二烯 | 1,3,5-tri(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2,4-diaza-1,4-pentadiene | 87731-81-5 | C21H15Cl3N2O3 |
| 1,3,4,6,8,13-六羟基-10,11-二甲基-2,5-二哌啶-2-基菲并[1,10,9,8-opqra]苝-7,14-二酮 | Cobaltate(1-), bis(2,4-dinitro-6-((2-(phenylamino)-1-naphthalenyl)azo)phenolato(2-))-, sodium | 125378-91-8 | C44H28CoN10NaO10- |
| 1,2-苯二醇,5-氯-3-硝基- | 4-chloro-6-nitrocatechol | 116313-87-2 | C6H4ClNO4 |