酚类是一大类化合物,它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基(-OH)直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中,并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。
结构与分类酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同,可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类:
酚类可以通过多种途径制备:
尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景,但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。
以上是对酚类的简单介绍,涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5-(5-氯-2,4-二羟基苯基)-N-乙基-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)异噁唑-3-羧酰胺 | VER 50589 | 747413-08-7 | C19H17ClN2O5 |
| 5-(5-氟-2-羟基苯基)异噻唑 | 4-fluoro-2-(5-isoxazolyl)phenol | 288401-62-7 | C9H6FNO2 |
| 5-(4-羟基苯基)戊酸甲酯 | 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid methyl ester | 64201-30-5 | C12H16O3 |
| 5-(4-羟基苯基)异噁唑-3-甲酸 | 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)isoxazole-3-carboxylic acid | 33282-15-4 | C10H7NO4 |
| 5-(4-羟基苯基)-3-甲基环己-2-烯-1-酮 | 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methylcyclohex-2-enone | 62596-09-2 | C13H14O2 |
| 5-(4-羟基苯基)-3-异噁唑羧酸甲酯 | 5-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-isoxazolcarbonsaeuremethylester | 60640-71-3 | C11H9NO4 |
| 5-(4-羟基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2(3H)-硫酮 | 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol | 69829-90-9 | C8H6N2O2S |
| 5-(4-羟基苯亚甲基)-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二噁烷-4,6-二酮 | 5-(4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxane-4,6-dione | 17474-27-0 | C13H12O5 |
| 5-(4-羟基-苯基)-[1,2]二硫醇-3-硫酮 | desmethyl anethole trithione | 18274-81-2 | C9H6OS3 |
| 5-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)戊酸 | 5-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-valeriansaeure | 6342-85-4 | C12H16O4 |
| 5-(3-羟基苄亚基)-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二恶烷-4,6-二酮 | 5-(3-hydroxybenzylidene)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione | 15795-58-1 | C13H12O5 |
| 5-(3-羟基-苯基)-异噁唑-3-羧酸 | 5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)isoxazole-3-carboxylic acid | 832740-37-1 | C10H7NO4 |
| 5-(3-甲氧基丙基)苯-1,3-二醇 | 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxypropane | 94339-23-8 | C10H14O3 |
| 5-(3-甲基丁氧基)苯-1,3-二醇 | 1-(3-methylbutyloxy)-3,5-dihydroxybenzene | 62191-53-1 | C11H16O3 |
| 5-(3-甲基丁氧基)-2-(3-甲基丁基)苯-1,3-二醇 | 1-(3-methylbutyloxy)-4-(3-methylbutyl)dihydroxybenzene | 918814-71-8 | C16H26O3 |
| 5-(3-氯-丙氧基)-间苯二酚 | 5-(3-chloro-propoxy)-resorcinol | 101167-10-6 | C9H11ClO3 |
| 5-(3,5-二羟基苯基)戊酸甲酯 | methyl 5-(3',5'-dihydroxyphenyl)pentanoate | 71186-11-3 | C12H16O4 |
| 5-(3,5-二溴-2-羟基苯基)-3-(1-哌啶基甲基)-1,3,4-恶二唑-2(3H)-硫酮 | 5-(3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(1-piperidinylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione | 81963-87-3 | C14H15Br2N3O2S |
| 5-(2-羟基苯基)异恶唑-3-羧酸 | 5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)isoxazole-3-carboxylic acid | 33282-12-1 | C10H7NO4 |
| 5-(2-羟基苯基)异恶唑-3-甲酸甲酯 | methyl 5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)isoxazole-3-carboxylate | 1019656-02-0 | C11H9NO4 |
| 5-(2-羟基苯基)-2-甲基-2-羟基戊烷 | 5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-2-hydroxypentane | 138572-47-1 | C12H18O2 |
| 5-(2-羟基-5-甲基苯基)-3-苯基异恶唑 | 5-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-3-phenylisoxazole | 104516-53-2 | C16H13NO2 |
| 5-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-2-甲氧基苯酚 | 5-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-2-methoxyphenol | 1064207-20-0 | C11H16O3 |
| 5-(2-羟乙基)氨基邻甲苯酚 | 5-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-2-methylphenol | 55302-96-0 | C9H13NO2 |
| 5-(2-氨基乙氧基)-3-甲氧基苯酚 | 3-(2-Aminoethoxy)-5-methoxyphenol | 1076198-81-6 | C9H13NO3 |
| 5-(2-氨基乙基)苯-1,2,4-三醇盐酸盐 | 6-Hydroxydopamin | 1199-18-4 | C8H11NO3 |
| 5-(2-氨基乙基)-3-甲基苯-1,2,4-三醇 | 5-(2-aminoethyl)-3-methylbenzene-1,2,4-triol | 41241-42-3 | C9H13NO3 |
| 5-(2-氨基乙基)-3-氟苯-1,2-二醇 | 5-Fluorodopamine | 71144-38-2 | C8H10FNO2 |
| 5-(2-氨基乙基)-2-甲氧基苯酚 | 5-(2-amino-ethyl)-2-methoxy-phenol | 3213-30-7 | C9H13NO2 |
| 5-(2-氨基-1-羟基乙基)-3-氯-1,2-苯二酚 | 5-(2-Amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-3-chlorobenzene-1,2-diol | 103886-94-8 | C8H10ClNO3 |
| 5-(2-氨基-1-羟基乙基)-2-甲氧基苯酚 | α-(aminomethyl)(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methanol | 6924-27-2 | C9H13NO3 |
| 5-(2-丁烯基)-2,3,4-三羟基苯甲醛 | 5-(but-2'-enyl)-2,3,4-trihydroxybenzaldehyde | 94008-46-5 | C11H12O4 |
| 5-(2-((2-羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)乙基)氨基)乙基)-2-甲氧基苯酚 | TA-064 metabolite ISO-M-1 | 87092-41-9 | C17H21NO4 |
| 5-(2,6-二羟基苯基)-3-(4-羟基苯基)异恶唑 | 5-(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)isoxazole | 155721-21-4 | C15H11NO4 |
| 5-(2,5-二羟基苯基)戊醛 | 5-(2,5-Dihydroxyphenyl)pentanal | 152427-69-5 | C11H14O3 |
| 5-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-3-(4-羟基苯基)异恶唑 | 5-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)isoxazole | 155721-20-3 | C15H11NO4 |
| 5-(13-甲基十四烷基)苯-1,3-二醇 | Adipostatin B | 144284-17-3 | C21H36O2 |
| 5-(10Z)-10-十七碳烯-1-基-1,3-苯二酚 | (Z)-5-(heptadec-10-en-1-yl)resorcinol | 52483-21-3 | C23H38O2 |
| 5-(1-羟基丙基)-2-甲氧基苯酚 | 5-(1-Hydroxypropyl)-2-methoxyphenol | 198204-00-1 | C10H14O3 |
| 5-((2-氯嘧啶丁-4-基)氨基)-2-甲基苯酚 | 2-chloro-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methylanilino)pyrimidine | 1174166-56-3 | C11H10ClN3O |
| 5-((2,2-二甲基亚肼基)甲基)-2-甲氧基苯酚 | 5-(Dimethyl-hydrazonomethyl)-2-methoxy-phenol | 59670-58-5 | C10H14N2O2 |
| 5,6-二甲基-2-乙基苯酚 | 2-Ethyl-5,6-dimethylphenol | 18441-55-9 | C10H14O |
| 5,6-二氯香兰素 | 5,6-dichlorovanillin | 18268-69-4 | C8H6Cl2O3 |
| 5,5-二氯-2,2'-联苯二醇 | 5,5-Dichloro-4,5-dihydro[1,1'-biphenyl]-2,2'-diol | 31113-52-7 | C12H10Cl2O2 |
| 5,10-二氢咪唑并[1,2-b]异喹啉-7,8-二醇 | 5,10-dihydro-imidazo[1,2-b]-isoquinoline-7,8-diol | 279254-16-9 | C11H10N2O2 |
| 5'-去甲基吡曲克辛 | 2,4-diamino-5-methyl-6-(2'-methoxy-5'-hydroxybenzyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 118252-38-3 | C16H17N5O2 |
| 4-羟基-3-甲氧基苦杏仁酸-D1 | 2-Deutero-2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-essigsaeure | 53587-34-1 | C9H10O5 |
| 4-羟基-3-甲氧基苦杏仁酸 | 2-(3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethanoic acid | 3695-24-7 | C9H10O5 |
| 4.6-二硝基-3-羟基-o-二甲苯 | 4.6-dinitro-3-hydroxy-<i>o</i>-xylene | 4097-60-3 | C8H8N2O5 |
| 4-辛烷-4-基苯酚 | p-(4-octyl)phenol | 3307-01-5 | C14H22O |