酚类
酚类是一大类化合物，它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基（-OH）直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中，并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。
结构与分类酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同，可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类：
- 单酚：每个分子仅有一个酚羟基。
- 多酚：含有两个或多个酚羟基的化合物。
- 天然来源：酚广泛存在于植物、动物以及微生物中，如咖啡因中的茶酚、儿茶素等。
- 抗氧化作用：许多酚类物质具有较强的抗氧化性，能够清除体内的自由基，保护细胞免受氧化损伤。
- 抗菌活性：部分酚类化合物展示出显著的抗菌效果，可用于食品保鲜或开发抗生素。
- 农药和杀虫剂：利用某些酚类化合物对特定昆虫的选择性毒性进行害虫控制。
- 染料工业：许多天然及合成染料都基于酚结构设计而成。
- 医药领域：作为原料或药物成分，例如阿司匹林的核心成分水杨酸就属于苯酚衍生物。
酚类可以通过多种途径制备：
- 通过煤焦油蒸馏或石油裂解得到的粗酚进行精炼获得。
- 以苯或其他芳烃为原料，在催化剂作用下与水反应生成苯酚，此过程称为菲林斯勒反应（Fischer–Strassmann反应）。
尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景，但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。
以上是对酚类的简单介绍，涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 2,5-Dibromo-4-hexadecoxyphenol | 364336-11-8 | C22H36Br2O2 |
| —— | 5-(4-Hydroxy-benzyl)-3-[1-(2-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-eth-(Z)-ylidene]-pyrrolidine-2,4-dione | 59876-32-3 | C20H20N2O4 |
| —— | 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-6-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 1086626-27-8 | C15H13N3O2S |
| —— | 2,3-dimethyl-6-(3-thiophen-2-yl-isoxazol-5-yl)-phenol | 60477-90-9 | C15H13NO2S |
| —— | 2-(3-furan-2-yl-isoxazol-5-yl)-4,5-dimethyl-phenol | 60499-82-3 | C15H13NO3 |
| —— | cis-1,3,5-Tris(5-nitrosalicylamino)cyclohexane | 162521-45-1 | C27H30N6O9 |
| —— | 2-(3-{[(4,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)methyl]amino}-1,2,4-triazin-5-yl)-3-methoxyphenol | 1203603-79-5 | C16H17N5O2S |
| —— | (E)-3-(2-Hydroxy-ethylamino)-1-(2-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenyl)-but-2-en-1-one | 58218-19-2 | C13H17NO3 |
| —— | 15-hydroxy-2:5,8:11-diepoxy<15>annulenone | 104659-47-4 | C15H10O4 |
| —— | 2-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzyliden-amin | 13664-26-1 | C8H9NO2 |
| —— | 2-(Diallylamino)-4-nitrophenol | 78827-23-3 | C12H14N2O3 |
| —— | N-[(1S,2S)-1,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]formamide | 1329996-10-2 | C10H13NO4 |
| —— | 2-<α-(4'-Hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-β-nitroethyl>-3-methylcyclohexanone | 67861-22-7 | C16H21NO5 |
| —— | 4-(1-Aminoethyl)-3-methylphenolhydrochloride | 2567495-04-7 | C9H14ClNO |
| —— | Stiripentol metabolite VIII | 106199-10-4 | C14H20O4 |
| —— | 4,6-bis[N-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethyl]-C-methylcarbonimidoyl]benzene-1,3-diol | 1243034-79-8 | C18H32N6O2 |
| —— | (5-hydroxy-2-nitro-phenyl)-arsonic acid | 860557-57-9 | C6H6AsNO6 |
| —— | 1204206-50-7 | C23H19N3O4 | |
| —— | 2-methoxy-5-((4-methylindolin-1-yl)methyl)phenol | 1294010-70-0 | C17H19NO2 |
| —— | S-(-)-1-{4-[2-(allyloxy)-ethyl]phenoxy}-3-isopropylamino propan-2-ol maleate | 874112-90-0 | C4H4O4*C17H27NO3 |
| —— | LiC6H4-m-OH | 72332-12-8 | C6H5LiO |
| —— | 95255-13-3 | C20H33O8S*K | |
| —— | 3-(tetradecyloxy)benzene-1,2-diol | 1346860-15-8 | C20H34O3 |
| —— | (E)-N-(3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propyl)buta-1,3-diene-1-sulfonamide | 1221741-01-0 | C13H17NO3S |
| —— | 2-(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazoline | 145191-38-4 | C9H8BrNO2 |
| —— | 7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-(2-hydroxy-5-oxocyclopent-1-enyl)hepta-2,4,6-trienamide | 120623-42-9 | C19H19NO5 |
| —— | N-(pyridine-2-ylmethyl)-2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-benzylideneamine | 1201812-04-5 | C14H14N2O2 |
| —— | 2-{4-[((R)-2-amino-2-cyclopropylethyl)methylamino]pyrimidin-2-yl}-4-chlorophenol | 1348185-96-5 | C16H19ClN4O |
| —— | 4-Butoxy-3,5-difluorophenol | 1881293-73-7 | C10H12F2O2 |
| —— | N-(5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-P,P-diphenylphosphinothioic amide | 1093349-18-8 | C19H15ClNOPS |
| —— | 1-(3,4-Dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyethanol | 64349-52-6 | C11H16O5 |
| —— | 65384-64-7 | C22H14N4O6S | |
| —— | N-isopropyl-3-<<4'-(2''-methoxyethyl)phenyl>oxy>-2-oxo-1-propylamine hydrochloride | 128084-02-6 | C15H23NO3*ClH |
| —— | 3-Hydroxy-2,4,5,6-tetramethoxy-n-propylbenzol | 50816-72-3 | C13H20O5 |
| —— | 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl) | 1220913-15-4 | C16H11F6NO2 |
| —— | 2-((2-methyl-2-(2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)hydrazono)methyl)benzene-1,3,5-triol | 1267970-67-1 | C15H12F3N3O5 |
| —— | 2-[2'-hydroxysalicylidene-5'-(2''-thiazolylazo)]phenol | 496869-16-0 | C16H12N4O2S |
| —— | 2,6-dimethyl-4-(((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)phenol | 695217-67-5 | C14H20O3 |
| —— | 2-(4-aminocyclohexylamino)-6-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamino)-8-azapurine | 663889-38-1 | C18H24N8O2 |
| —— | 2-(1-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4-methylphenol | 1428638-20-3 | C24H19ClN4OS |
| —— | (2s,4R,6r,8S)-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4,6,8-tripentyl-1,3,5,7(1,3)-tetrabenzenacyclooctaphan-14,16,34,36,54,56,74,76-octaol | 866216-05-9 | C46H60O9 |
| —— | 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2'-methyl-4'-methoxydiphenylsulfone | 141179-34-2 | C15H16O4S |
| —— | 15,18-Dihydroxy<3>(2,6)-p-benzochinono<3>metacyclophan | 70675-17-1 | C18H18O4 |
| —— | 2-[1-(3-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-phenyl)-meth-(Z)-ylidene]-6-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-3-one | 1567849-62-0 | C19H11ClF2N2O3S |
| —— | (Z)-2-(1-(benzylimino)ethyl)-4-bromophenol | 939463-94-2 | C15H14BrNO |
| —— | Dopexamine Dihydrochloride Impurity A [Ep Impurity] | 857526-06-8 | C22H32N2O4 |
| —— | 92892-21-2 | C11H9N3O2 | |
| —— | 4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yliminomethyl)phenol | 123395-32-4 | C9H8N4O |
| —— | 3-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde oxime | 1360604-97-2 | C16H14N2O4 |
| —— | 3-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-2-[hydroxy-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-methyl]-1H-pyridin-4-one | 189564-86-1 | C15H17NO6 |
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
- 24
- 25
- 26
- 27
- 28
- 29
- 30
- 31
- 32
- 33
- 34
- 35
- 36
- 37
- 38
- 39
- 40
- 41
- 42
- 43
- 44
- 45
- 46
- 47
- 48
- 49
- 50
- 51
- 52
- 53
- 54
- 55
- 56
- 57
- 58
- 59
- 60
- 61
- 62
- 63
- 64
- 65
- 66
- 67
- 68
- 69
- 70
- 71
- 72
- 73
- 74
- 75
- 76
- 77
- 78
- 79
- 80
- 81
- 82
- 83
- 84
- 85
- 86
- 87
- 88
- 89
- 90
- 91
- 92
- 93
- 94
- 95
- 96
- 97
- 98
- 99
- 100
- 101
- 102
- 103
- 104
- 105
- 106
- 107
- 108
- 109
- 110
- 111
- 112
- 113
- 114
- 115
- 116
- 117
- 118
- 119
- 120
- 121
- 122
- 123
- 124
- 125
- 126
- 127
- 128
- 129
- 130
- 131
- 132
- 133
- 134
- 135
- 136
- 137
- 138
- 139
- 140
- 141
- 142
- 143
- 144
- 145
- 146
- 147
- 148
- 149
- 150
- 151
- 152
- 153
- 154
- 155
- 156
- 157
- 158
- 159
- 160
- 161
- 162
- 163
- 164
- 165
- 166
- 167
- 168
- 169
- 170
- 171
- 172
- 173
- 174
- 175
- 176
- 177
- 178
- 179
- 180
- 181
- 182
- 183
- 184
- 185
- 186
- 187
- 188
- 189
- 190
- 191
- 192
- 193
- 194
- 195
- 196
- 197
- 198
- 199
- 200
- 201
- 202
- 203
- 204
- 205
- 206
- 207
- 208
- 209
- 210
- 211
- 212
- 213
- 214
- 215
- 216
- 217
- 218
- 219
- 220
- 221
- 222
- 223
- 224
- 225
- 226
- 227
- 228
- 229
- 230
- 231
- 232
- 233
- 234
- 235
- 236
- 237
- 238
- 239
- 240
- 241
- 242
- 243
- 244
- 245
- 246
- 247
- 248
- 249
- 250
- 251
- 252
- 253
- 254
- 255
- 256
- 257
- 258
- 259
- 260
- 261
- 262
- 263
- 264
- 265
- 266
- 267
- 268
- 269
- 270
- 271
- 272
- 273
- 274
- 275
- 276
- 277
- 278
- 279
- 280
- 281
- 282
- 283
- 284
- 285
- 286
- 287
- 288
- 289
- 290
- 291
- 292
- 293
- 294
- 295
- 296
- 297
- 298
- 299
- 300
- 301
- 302
- 303
- 304
联系我们
关注我们
公众号
