酚类是一大类化合物,它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基(-OH)直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中,并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。
结构与分类酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同,可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类:
酚类可以通过多种途径制备:
尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景,但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。
以上是对酚类的简单介绍,涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 29194-01-2 | C12H17NO4 | |
| —— | 2-[(S)-[(4R)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]-hydroxymethyl]phenol | 112156-65-7 | C12H16O4 |
| —— | 5,11,17,23-Tetra(cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-yl)pentacyclo[19.3.1.13,7.19,13.115,19]octacosa-1(24),3,5,7(28),9,11,13(27),15(26),16,18,21(25),22-dodecaene-25,26,27,28-tetrol | 181797-76-2 | C56H48O4 |
| —— | 4,4'-(6-heptyl-[1,3,5]triazine-2,4-diyl)-bis-benzene-1,3-diol | 4407-53-8 | C22H25N3O4 |
| —— | 1542214-57-2 | C17H27O5P | |
| —— | 4-{[1-(3-Chloro-phenyl)-meth-(Z)-ylidene]-amino}-6-octyl-benzene-1,3-diol | 23771-86-0 | C21H26ClNO2 |
| —— | 1-(4-hydroxy-phenethyl)-3-[4-(1(3)<i>H</i>-imidazol-4-yl)-butyl]-thiourea | 34973-88-1 | C16H22N4OS |
| —— | 4-{[1-(3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-meth-(Z)-ylidene]-amino}-6-octyl-benzene-1,3-diol | 23792-23-6 | C21H25Br2NO3 |
| —— | 4-(3-phenyl-2-phenylimino-2,3-dihydro-thiazol-4-yl)-phenol | 36220-61-8 | C21H16N2OS |
| —— | 4-[[5-(chloromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]methyl]phenol | 144797-39-7 | C10H9ClN2O2 |
| —— | 4-chloro-2-(4-dimethylamino-butyl)-3,5-dimethyl-phenol | 106838-36-2 | C14H22ClNO |
| —— | 4,6-Dinitro-2-(1-pentylheptyl)-phenol | 17508-91-7 | C18H28N2O5 |
| —— | 2-((S)-2,5,5-Trimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl)-phenol | 51317-46-5 | C16H22O |
| —— | N′-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene)-3-nitrobenzohydrazide | 444179-45-7 | C15H13N3O5 |
| —— | 6-(Anilinomethylidene)-2-fluorocyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one | 393109-97-2 | C13H10FNO |
| —— | 2-hydroxy-5-chloro-3-nitroacetophenone isonicotinoylhydrazone | 1355198-81-0 | C14H11ClN4O4 |
| —— | Salicylaldehyddibenzylmercaptal | 5663-68-3 | C21H20OS2 |
| —— | ethyl 4-(5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-phenylselanylphenyl)butanoate | 120615-21-6 | C19H22O3Se |
| —— | dopamine picrate | 75802-61-8 | C6H3N3O7*C8H11NO2 |
| —— | 4-Chloro-2-cyclohexyl-3,5-dimethyl-phenol | 1867-86-3 | C14H19ClO |
| —— | 1,1-diethyl-3-(2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)thiourea | 78720-40-8 | C11H15N3O3S |
| —— | 1-(2-Bromo-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-1,3,4,5,7,8-hexahydro-2H-isoquinolin-6-one | 74007-25-3 | C17H20BrNO3 |
| —— | 4-(5-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)-1,2,3-thiadiazole | 898135-52-9 | C8H4ClN3O3S |
| —— | Cyclopropanecarbonitrile, 1-(4-bromo-3-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)- | 1314648-09-3 | C10H7BrFNO |
| —— | 2-(1,2-Dimethyl-propyl)-4-methyl-phenol | 30534-88-4 | C12H18O |
| —— | 4-hydroxy-2-phenoxidothiolanium zwitterion | 12758-49-5 | C10H12O2S |
| —— | 1,2-bis-[2-(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-benzylidenamino)-ethoxy]-ethane | 118923-15-2 | C22H28N2O4 |
| —— | N-(3-Allyl-4-hydroxy-benzyl)-acetamide | 34190-52-8 | C12H15NO2 |
| —— | Benzoesaeure-5-nitrosalicyliden-hydrazon | 39643-69-1 | C14H11N3O4 |
| —— | 4-Bromo-3-(N-methyl-hydrazinomethyl)-phenol; compound with oxalic acid | 94764-30-4 | C2H2O4*C8H11BrN2O |
| —— | S-(N-Phenylbenzimidoyl)-N-salicylidenhydrosulfamin | 36504-38-8 | C20H16N2OS |
| —— | trimethyl-[2-(3-pyrimidin-4-yl-propionyloxy)-ethyl]-ammonium; dipicrate | 123936-02-7 | C6H2N3O7*C6H3N3O7*C12H20N3O2 |
| —— | 4-Chloro-3-(N-ethyl-hydrazinomethyl)-phenol; compound with oxalic acid | 94733-82-1 | C2H2O4*C9H13ClN2O |
| —— | 2-Dimethylamino-5-[1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-meth-(Z)-ylidene]-oxazol-4-one | 15381-78-9 | C13H14N2O4 |
| —— | 3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-propionic acid vanillylamide | 149623-19-8 | C17H18N2O5 |
| —— | 2-(2,3,4-trihydroxybenzylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide | 101212-23-1 | C8H9N3O3S |
| —— | 2-(1-(2,4-dimethoxyphenylimino)ethyl)phenol | 1030614-37-9 | C16H17NO3 |
| —— | E-3-[6-dimethylaminomethyl-3-(4-fluoro-benzylidene)-cyclohex-1-enyl]-phenol | 349562-76-1 | C22H24FNO |
| —— | 1160843-35-5 | C16H24O5 | |
| —— | benzyl 2-acetyl-3,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-5-methylphenethyl(benzyl)carbamate | 107302-00-1 | C27H29NO6 |
| —— | 4,5-Dibromo-2-(3R)-3-morpholinylphenol | 1213311-75-1 | C10H11Br2NO2 |
| —— | ethyl 4-(5-(1,2-dihydroxyethane)-2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butenoate | 116235-88-2 | C15H20O6 |
| —— | 1,4-dithiabutanediyl-2,2'-bis(4-methylphenol) | 856014-22-7 | C16H18O2S2 |
| —— | 3-Methyl-butane-1-sulfonic acid 4-hydroxy-3-nitro-benzyl ester | 41870-16-0 | C12H17NO6S |
| —— | Picric acid; compound with methyl-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-amine | 26668-71-3 | C4H8N4*C6H3N3O7 |
| —— | 2-[(1E)-2-aza-2-(3-methyl(2-pyridyl))ethenyl]benzen-1-ol | 159793-74-5 | C13H12N2O |
| —— | Fe(III)(OEP)(4-NO2-Hcat) | 1260435-31-1 | C42H48FeN5O4 |
| —— | 4-(4-phenyl-6-phenylsulfanyl-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yl)-benzene-1,3-diol | 5069-88-5 | C21H15N3O2S |
| —— | {5-[1-(2-Hydroxy-phenyl)-meth-(E)-ylidene]-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-thiazol-2-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid ethyl ester | 92200-62-9 | C14H13NO4S2 |
| —— | (4S,5R)-(-)-1-(2-(2-Hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-ethyl)-5-ethyl-2-oxo-4-piperidineacetic Acid | 65929-06-8 | C19H27NO6 |