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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— baicalein 7-O-β-(6''-O-malonylglycoside) —— C24H22O13
    baicalein 7-O-β-(6''-O-malonylglycoside)
    —— 3,3-diphenyl-5-[2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethenyl]-[3H]naphtho[2,1-b]pyran —— C38H28O2
    3,3-diphenyl-5-[2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethenyl]-[3H]naphtho[2,1-b]pyran
    —— grosvenorine —— C33H40O19
    grosvenorine
    —— quercetin 3-O-β-D-(6″-O-(E)-p-coumaryl) glucopyranoside —— C30H26O14
    quercetin 3-O-β-D-(6″-O-(E)-p-coumaryl) glucopyranoside
    —— quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-E-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C30H26O15
    quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-E-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 6''-O-cinnamoylisoquercitrin —— C30H26O13
    6''-O-cinnamoylisoquercitrin
    —— quercetin-3-O-β-D-(6-O-Z-p-coumaroyl)glucopyranoside —— C30H26O14
    quercetin-3-O-β-D-(6-O-Z-p-coumaroyl)glucopyranoside
    —— 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3',4',7-tri-O-benzyl-5-hydroxyflavonol —— C42H38O12
    3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3',4',7-tri-O-benzyl-5-hydroxyflavonol
    —— 3,3′,4′,7-tetrahydroxy-5-methoxyflavone 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside —— C22H22O12
    3,3′,4′,7-tetrahydroxy-5-methoxyflavone 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside
    —— 3-(benzyloxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4H-benzopyran-4-one —— C25H22O7
    3-(benzyloxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4H-benzopyran-4-one
    —— azaleatin 3-O-β-D-galactoside —— C22H22O12
    azaleatin 3-O-β-D-galactoside
    —— Caryatin-7-O-β-D-glucoside —— C23H24O12
    Caryatin-7-O-β-D-glucoside
    —— 3',4'-O-(phenylbenzylidene)-3-O-n-propylquercetin —— C31H24O7
    3',4'-O-(phenylbenzylidene)-3-O-n-propylquercetin
    —— 3-{{6-O-[2,3-O-(2-carboxy-1-methylidene)-6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl}oxy}-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one —— C31H34O18
    3-{{6-O-[2,3-O-(2-carboxy-1-methylidene)-6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl}oxy}-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2-(2,2-diphenylbenzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxychromen-4-one —— C29H20O7
    2-(2,2-diphenylbenzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxychromen-4-one
    —— 7,4'-dihydroxy-3,5,3'-triethoxyflavone —— C21H22O7
    7,4'-dihydroxy-3,5,3'-triethoxyflavone
    —— 2-((2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy)acetic acid —— C21H20O9
    2-((2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy)acetic acid
    —— quercetin 3-methyl ether 7-O-β-D-galactopyranoside —— C22H22O12
    quercetin 3-methyl ether 7-O-β-D-galactopyranoside
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-ethoxy-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C17H14O7
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-ethoxy-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 3-O-<α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl>-catechin —— C27H34O15
    3-O-<α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl>-catechin
    —— 3-aminoluteorin —— C15H11NO6
    3-aminoluteorin
    —— 3-{{6-O-[4-O-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl}oxy}-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one —— C31H34O19
    3-{{6-O-[4-O-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl}oxy}-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 2-fluorobenzoate —— C22H13FO8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 2-fluorobenzoate
    —— 4-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yloxy)butanenitrile —— C19H15NO7
    4-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yloxy)butanenitrile
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 4-aminobenzoate —— C22H15NO8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 4-aminobenzoate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 4-methoxybenzoate —— C23H16O9
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 4-methoxybenzoate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 2-aminobenzoate —— C22H15NO8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 2-aminobenzoate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 3-methoxybenzoate —— C23H16O9
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 3-methoxybenzoate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-isopropoxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C18H16O7
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-isopropoxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl benzoate —— C22H14O8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl benzoate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 2-methoxybenzoate —— C23H16O9
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 2-methoxybenzoate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 3-fluorobenzoate —— C22H13FO8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 3-fluorobenzoate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 4-fluorobenzoate —— C22H13FO8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 4-fluorobenzoate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C17H14O8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— quercetin-3'-O-methyl-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C28H32O16
    quercetin-3'-O-methyl-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— diosmetin-7-O-glucuronide —— C22H20O12
    diosmetin-7-O-glucuronide
    —— 8-C-prenyldiosmetin —— C21H20O6
    8-C-prenyldiosmetin
    —— diosmetin-7-O-glucuronide —— C22H20O12
    diosmetin-7-O-glucuronide
    —— 6,8-dibromodiosmetin —— C16H10Br2O6
    6,8-dibromodiosmetin
    —— 4'-O-methylluteolin-7-O-β-[6-O-β-xylopyranosylglucopyranoside] —— C27H30O15
    4'-O-methylluteolin-7-O-β-[6-O-β-xylopyranosylglucopyranoside]
    —— diosmetin 7-O-β-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-apiofuranoside —— C26H28O14
    diosmetin 7-O-β-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-apiofuranoside
    —— (2R)-7-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxyphenyl]chroman-4-one —— C15H12O4
    (2R)-7-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxyphenyl]chroman-4-one
    —— Neolicurosid —— C26H30O13
    Neolicurosid
    —— quercetin 3-O-<β-D-apiofuranosyl(1->2)α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)>-β-D-glucopyranoside) —— C32H38O20
    quercetin 3-O-<β-D-apiofuranosyl(1->2)α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)>-β-D-glucopyranoside)
    —— 8-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3',4',5,5'-tetrahydroxy-7-methoxy-3-α-L-rhamnopyranosyloxyflavone —— C28H32O18
    8-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3',4',5,5'-tetrahydroxy-7-methoxy-3-α-L-rhamnopyranosyloxyflavone
    —— isorhamnetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C34H42O21
    isorhamnetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 8-acetoxy-3',4',5,5'-tetrahydroxy-7-methoxy-3-α-L-rhamnopyranosyloxyflavone —— C24H24O14
    8-acetoxy-3',4',5,5'-tetrahydroxy-7-methoxy-3-α-L-rhamnopyranosyloxyflavone
    —— 3',4',5,5',8-pentahydroxy-7-methoxy-3-α-L-rhamnopyranosyloxyflavone —— C22H22O13
    3',4',5,5',8-pentahydroxy-7-methoxy-3-α-L-rhamnopyranosyloxyflavone
    —— (E)-4-(4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-N'-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide —— C23H16N2O5
    (E)-4-(4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-N'-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide
    —— 6,3',4'-trihydroxyflavanone —— C15H12O5
    6,3',4'-trihydroxyflavanone