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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 8-benzyloxy-4-(4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,9b-hexahydro-cyclopenta[c]chromene-2-carbonitrile —— C33H29NO3
    8-benzyloxy-4-(4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,9b-hexahydro-cyclopenta[c]chromene-2-carbonitrile
    —— 8-benzyloxy-4-(4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,9b-hexahydro-cyclopenta[c]chromene-2-carbonitrile —— C33H29NO3
    8-benzyloxy-4-(4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,9b-hexahydro-cyclopenta[c]chromene-2-carbonitrile
    —— 8-benzyloxy-4-(4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,9b-hexahydro-cyclopenta[c]chromen-2-ol —— C32H30O4
    8-benzyloxy-4-(4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,9b-hexahydro-cyclopenta[c]chromen-2-ol
    —— (-)-(2S)-4'-methylflavan-4-one 127179-84-4 C16H14O2
    (-)-(2S)-4'-methylflavan-4-one
    —— (+)-2-(4-bromophenyl)chroman-4-one —— C15H11BrO2
    (+)-2-(4-bromophenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— (R)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)chroman-4-one —— C15H11ClO2
    (R)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— (R)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one —— C16H14O3
    (R)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— (-)-2-(4-bromophenyl)chroman-4-one —— C15H11BrO2
    (-)-2-(4-bromophenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— (R)-2-(2-naphthyl)chroman-4-one —— C19H14O2
    (R)-2-(2-naphthyl)chroman-4-one
    —— (R)-2-(p-tolyl)chroman-4-one —— C16H14O2
    (R)-2-(p-tolyl)chroman-4-one
    —— t-butyl (2R,3S)-4-oxo-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-3-carboxylate —— C21H22O5
    t-butyl (2R,3S)-4-oxo-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-3-carboxylate
    —— t-butyl (2R,3S)-4-oxo-2-phenylchroman-3-carboxylate —— C20H20O4
    t-butyl (2R,3S)-4-oxo-2-phenylchroman-3-carboxylate
    —— kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside-(I-6,II-8)-kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C54H58O29
    kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside-(I-6,II-8)-kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-β-D-(2‴-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl)(2″-O-β-Dglucopyranosyl)galactopyranoside —— C32H38O20
    kaempferol 3-O-β-D-(2‴-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl)(2″-O-β-Dglucopyranosyl)galactopyranoside
    —— 3,3',5'-trimethoxylmyricetin 7-O-β-D–glucopyranoside —— C24H26O13
    3,3',5'-trimethoxylmyricetin 7-O-β-D–glucopyranoside
    —— 5-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-butenyl)flavone 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C33H40O16
    5-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-butenyl)flavone 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— (2S)-6,8-dimethyl-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C23H26O11
    (2S)-6,8-dimethyl-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-6,3′,4′-trimethoxyflavone-7-O-β-glucopyranoside —— C24H26O12
    5,7-dihydroxy-6,3′,4′-trimethoxyflavone-7-O-β-glucopyranoside
    —— (2S,3R)-dihydrokaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside —— C21H22O11
    (2S,3R)-dihydrokaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside
    —— 5,7,3'-trimethoxyquercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C24H26O12
    5,7,3'-trimethoxyquercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 3,5,7-trimethoxyflavone-4’-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C24H26O11
    3,5,7-trimethoxyflavone-4’-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— (R)-methyl 4-(4-oxochroman-2-yl)benzoate —— C17H14O4
    (R)-methyl 4-(4-oxochroman-2-yl)benzoate
    —— 2R,3R,4R-epigallocatechin-(4β->8)-2R,3R-3,5,7,3',4',6'-hexahydroxyflavan —— C30H26O14
    2R,3R,4R-epigallocatechin-(4β->8)-2R,3R-3,5,7,3',4',6'-hexahydroxyflavan
    —— 7-O-β-D-Glcp-3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin-(4β-8)-[3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin]2-(4β-8)-(-)-epigallocatechin-(4β-6)-3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin —— C95H80O48
    7-O-β-D-Glcp-3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin-(4β-8)-[3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin]2-(4β-8)-(-)-epigallocatechin-(4β-6)-3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin
    —— (-)-epigallocatechin penta(tertbutyldimethylsilyl)ether —— C45H84O7Si5
    (-)-epigallocatechin penta(tertbutyldimethylsilyl)ether
    —— 3',4'-dihydroxy-3-glucosylflavone —— C21H20O10
    3',4'-dihydroxy-3-glucosylflavone
    —— rutin linolenate —— C45H58O17
    rutin linolenate
    —— 7-(tetrazol-5-ylmethyloxy)-3',4',5-trimethoxyflavone, potassium salt —— C20H17N4O6*K
    7-(tetrazol-5-ylmethyloxy)-3',4',5-trimethoxyflavone, potassium salt
    —— (+/-)-2,3,9,10-Tetrahydro-5-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-4H,8H-benzo<1,2-b:3,4-b'>dipyran-4-on —— C22H24O5
    (+/-)-2,3,9,10-Tetrahydro-5-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-4H,8H-benzo<1,2-b:3,4-b'>dipyran-4-on
    —— 7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-prenylflavone —— C21H20O5
    7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-prenylflavone
    —— (2R)-8-[4''-hydroxy-3''-methyl-(2''-Z)-butenyl]-4',7-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone —— C21H22O6
    (2R)-8-[4''-hydroxy-3''-methyl-(2''-Z)-butenyl]-4',7-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone
    —— 1'',2''-dihydroisoxanthohumol C —— C21H22O5
    1'',2''-dihydroisoxanthohumol C
    —— (2R)-8-[5''-hydroxy-3''-methyl-(2''-E)-butenyl]-4',7-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone —— C21H22O6
    (2R)-8-[5''-hydroxy-3''-methyl-(2''-E)-butenyl]-4',7-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone
    —— 7-hydroxy-8-methoxyflavone —— C16H12O4
    7-hydroxy-8-methoxyflavone
    —— 8-(3''-hydroxyisoamyl)naringenin —— C20H22O6
    8-(3''-hydroxyisoamyl)naringenin
    —— (2S)-2''-(2'''-hydroxyisopropyl)-dihydrofurano[2'',3'':7,8]-4'-hydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone —— C21H22O6
    (2S)-2''-(2'''-hydroxyisopropyl)-dihydrofurano[2'',3'':7,8]-4'-hydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone
    —— 4-(7-acetoxy-5-methoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxochroman-2-yl)phenyl acetate —— C25H26O7
    4-(7-acetoxy-5-methoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxochroman-2-yl)phenyl acetate
    —— (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-(3',5'-di-O-methyl-gallate) —— C24H22O11
    (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-(3',5'-di-O-methyl-gallate)
    —— scutellarin meglumine salt —— C7H17NO5*C21H18O12
    scutellarin meglumine salt
    —— 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-9-methyl-4H-furo[2,3-h]chromen-4-one —— C19H14O5
    2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-9-methyl-4H-furo[2,3-h]chromen-4-one
    —— Kaempferol-3-O-<2<sub>Glc</sub>-(p-cumaroyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)-β-D-glucopyranosid> —— C36H36O17
    Kaempferol-3-O-<2<sub>Glc</sub>-(p-cumaroyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)-β-D-glucopyranosid>
    —— 7-{[2-O-(6-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy}-5,8-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one —— C30H34O17
    7-{[2-O-(6-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy}-5,8-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— chrysoeriol 7-(2''-O-β-D-allopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C28H32O16
    chrysoeriol 7-(2''-O-β-D-allopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 4-Methyl-flavylium-perchlorat —— C16H13O*ClO4
    4-Methyl-flavylium-perchlorat
    —— flavone naringenin —— C15H10O2*C15H12O5
    flavone naringenin
    —— cis-3-methoxyflavanone —— C16H14O3
    cis-3-methoxyflavanone
    —— 3,8-dibromoflavone —— C15H8Br2O2
    3,8-dibromoflavone
    —— 2,3-dihydro-t-3-hydroxy-c-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-r-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one —— C21H15NO5
    2,3-dihydro-t-3-hydroxy-c-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-r-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— trans-2,3-difluoroflavone —— C15H10F2O2
    trans-2,3-difluoroflavone
    —— cis-2,3-difluoroflavone —— C15H10F2O2
    cis-2,3-difluoroflavone