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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2,3-dihydro-t-4-cyano-c-3,c-4-epoxy-r-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran —— C16H11NO2
    2,3-dihydro-t-4-cyano-c-3,c-4-epoxy-r-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran
    —— 3-(butylamino)flavone —— C19H19NO2
    3-(butylamino)flavone
    —— 3-(benzylamino)flavone —— C22H17NO2
    3-(benzylamino)flavone
    —— (R)-2-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-6-isopropoxy-4-methoxy-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid (1S,2R)-(+)-norephedrine salt —— C9H13NO*C21H20O7
    (R)-2-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-6-isopropoxy-4-methoxy-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid (1S,2R)-(+)-norephedrine salt
    —— 2-(4-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)phenyl)-5,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one —— C21H23NO5
    2-(4-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)phenyl)-5,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one
    —— (-)-gallocatechin gallate-N-acetyl cysteine —— C27H25NO14S
    (-)-gallocatechin gallate-N-acetyl cysteine
    —— (-)-epigallocatechin gallate-N-acetyl cysteine —— C27H25NO14S
    (-)-epigallocatechin gallate-N-acetyl cysteine
    —— 3',4'-dimethylluteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside —— C23H24O11
    3',4'-dimethylluteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside
    —— 7-O-((1-(2-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)hesperetin —— C27H22FN3O7
    7-O-((1-(2-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)hesperetin
    —— diosmetinidin —— C16H13O5
    diosmetinidin
    —— 5-hydroxy-7-(6-O-α-1-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone —— C29H34O15
    5-hydroxy-7-(6-O-α-1-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone
    —— (S)-7-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one —— C18H18O6
    (S)-7-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 6-[4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazine-1-yl]methyl-3',5,7-trihydroxyflavanone —— C27H35N3O7
    6-[4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazine-1-yl]methyl-3',5,7-trihydroxyflavanone
    —— 8-hydroxyhesperetin —— C16H14O7
    8-hydroxyhesperetin
    —— neohesperidin dihydrochalcone —— C28H36O15
    neohesperidin dihydrochalcone
    —— 4β-(S-cysteinyl)catechin —— C18H19NO8S
    4β-(S-cysteinyl)catechin
    —— 4-β-(S-cysteinyl)epicatechin —— C18H19NO8S
    4-β-(S-cysteinyl)epicatechin
    —— 5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C17H14O6
    5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-(3-(dimethylamino)propoxy)phenyl)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C20H21NO6
    2-(4-(3-(dimethylamino)propoxy)phenyl)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— N,N-diethyl-2-(4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenoxy)acetamide —— C21H21NO7
    N,N-diethyl-2-(4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenoxy)acetamide
    —— 5-(4-(5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenoxy)pentyl 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)benzoate —— C33H35Cl2NO8
    5-(4-(5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenoxy)pentyl 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)benzoate
    —— 5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-(2-morpholino-2-oxoethoxy)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C21H19NO8
    5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-(2-morpholino-2-oxoethoxy)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-(3-morpholinopropoxy)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C22H23NO7
    5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-(3-morpholinopropoxy)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— N,N-dimethyl-2-(4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenoxy)acetamide —— C19H17NO7
    N,N-dimethyl-2-(4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenoxy)acetamide
    —— 2-(4-(2-(diethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C21H23NO6
    2-(4-(2-(diethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 5-O-methyl-scutellarein —— C16H12O6
    5-O-methyl-scutellarein
    —— 4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenyl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate —— C21H20N2O7
    4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenyl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
    —— 2-(4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C19H19NO6
    2-(4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 3-(4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenoxy)propyl 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)benzoate —— C29H27Cl2NO8
    3-(4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenoxy)propyl 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)benzoate
    —— N,N-dimethylcarbamic acid 4-(9-hydroxy-8-oxo-2,2-diphenyl-8H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-g][1]benzopyran-6-yl)phenyl ester —— C31H23NO7
    N,N-dimethylcarbamic acid 4-(9-hydroxy-8-oxo-2,2-diphenyl-8H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-g][1]benzopyran-6-yl)phenyl ester
    —— N,N-bis(1-methylethyl)carbamic acid 4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)phenyl ester —— C22H23NO7
    N,N-bis(1-methylethyl)carbamic acid 4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)phenyl ester
    —— N,N-dimethylcarbamic acid 4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)phenyl ester —— C18H15NO7
    N,N-dimethylcarbamic acid 4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)phenyl ester
    —— 4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenyl morpholine-4-carboxylate —— C20H17NO8
    4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenyl morpholine-4-carboxylate
    —— N,N-diethylcarbamic acid 4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)phenyl ester —— C20H19NO7
    N,N-diethylcarbamic acid 4-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)phenyl ester
    —— scutellarein 7-O-glucuronopyranoside —— C21H18O12
    scutellarein 7-O-glucuronopyranoside
    —— 5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-2-(4-(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C20H20O8
    5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-2-(4-(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-[4-({5-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-α-L-arabinofuranosyl}oxy)phenyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one —— C29H24O12
    5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-[4-({5-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-α-L-arabinofuranosyl}oxy)phenyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 10-hydroxy-7-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-9H-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-g]benzopyrone —— C17H12O6
    10-hydroxy-7-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-9H-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-g]benzopyrone
    —— scutellarein-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->4)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C27H30O15
    scutellarein-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->4)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— triethylammonium 2,3-dihydroxy-5-((2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochroman-2-yl)phenolate —— C6H15N*C15H12O8
    triethylammonium 2,3-dihydroxy-5-((2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochroman-2-yl)phenolate
    —— 3,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-(2,2-diphenylbenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C42H30O7
    3,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-(2,2-diphenylbenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 3,4',5-tri-O-acetylkaempferol —— C21H16O9
    3,4',5-tri-O-acetylkaempferol
    —— quercetin 3-rutinoside —— C27H30O17
    quercetin 3-rutinoside
    —— 3-[(6-O-(deoxy-α-L-manopyranosyl)-β-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one —— C31H38O17
    3-[(6-O-(deoxy-α-L-manopyranosyl)-β-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-8-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C29H22O5
    5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-8-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-acetyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-methyl-4H-pyrano[2,3-f]indol-4-one —— C26H17Cl2NO3
    1-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-acetyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-methyl-4H-pyrano[2,3-f]indol-4-one
    —— allyl methyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-<3'-(4H-4-oxo-1-benzopyran-2-yl)phenyl>-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate —— C28H25NO6
    allyl methyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-<3'-(4H-4-oxo-1-benzopyran-2-yl)phenyl>-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate
    —— 4',6-dimethoxy-3-fluoroflavone —— C17H13FO4
    4',6-dimethoxy-3-fluoroflavone
    —— 8-(phenethylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C24H21NO7
    8-(phenethylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 2,3,3,10-tetraphenyl-3H-benzo[f]chromene —— C37H26O
    2,3,3,10-tetraphenyl-3H-benzo[f]chromene