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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— isoquercitrin —— C21H20O12
    isoquercitrin
    —— 8-(2''-pyrrolidinone-5''-yl)quercetin —— C19H15NO8
    8-(2''-pyrrolidinone-5''-yl)quercetin
    —— 3'-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-D-alanine quercetin ester —— C23H23NO10
    3'-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-D-alanine quercetin ester
    —— 3'-D-alanine quercetin ester hydrochloride —— C18H15NO8*ClH
    3'-D-alanine quercetin ester hydrochloride
    —— 3'-[cis-4-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl-amino)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid] quercetin ester —— C27H29NO10
    3'-[cis-4-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl-amino)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid] quercetin ester
    —— 3,3',4',5,7-Pentapivaloyl-Quercetin —— C40H50O12
    3,3',4',5,7-Pentapivaloyl-Quercetin
    —— 8-(3-chlorobenzylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C23H18ClNO7
    8-(3-chlorobenzylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 8-(4-fluorobenzylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C23H18FNO7
    8-(4-fluorobenzylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 8-(2-chlorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C24H20ClNO7
    8-(2-chlorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 2-[4-(3-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxy)-3-hydroxyphenyl]-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one —— C20H17ClO8
    2-[4-(3-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxy)-3-hydroxyphenyl]-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 3,7-di-hydroxy-2-(3'-hydroxy-4'-(4-O-acetylferuloyloxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-chromen-4-one —— C27H20O11
    3,7-di-hydroxy-2-(3'-hydroxy-4'-(4-O-acetylferuloyloxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(3-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxy)-3,5-dihydroxychromen-4-one —— C20H17ClO8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(3-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxy)-3,5-dihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-[3,4-bis-(3-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxy)-phenyl]-7-(3-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxy)-3,5-dihydroxy-chromen-4-one —— C30H31Cl3O10
    2-[3,4-bis-(3-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxy)-phenyl]-7-(3-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxy)-3,5-dihydroxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 8-(4-chlorobenzylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C23H18ClNO7
    8-(4-chlorobenzylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 8-(2,4-dichlorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C24H19Cl2NO7
    8-(2,4-dichlorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 8-(2,6-dichlorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C24H19Cl2NO7
    8-(2,6-dichlorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— quercetin 3,4',7-tri-O-butyl ether —— C27H34O7
    quercetin 3,4',7-tri-O-butyl ether
    —— 8-C-[(E)-2-phenylethenyl]quercetin —— C23H16O7
    8-C-[(E)-2-phenylethenyl]quercetin
    —— 8-(3-chlorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C24H20ClNO7
    8-(3-chlorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 8-(4-fluorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C24H20FNO7
    8-(4-fluorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 3,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-(2-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinon-3-yloxy)-3-hydroxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-chromen-4-one —— C25H13ClO9
    3,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-(2-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinon-3-yloxy)-3-hydroxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 8-(tetrahydrofurfurylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C21H21NO8
    8-(tetrahydrofurfurylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 6′-prenylquercetin —— C20H18O7
    6′-prenylquercetin
    —— 8-(4-chlorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C24H20ClNO7
    8-(4-chlorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 8-(3-fluorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C24H20FNO7
    8-(3-fluorophenethylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-8-methyl-8-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4(8H)-one —— C25H24O7
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-8-methyl-8-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4(8H)-one
    —— 8-(benzylaminomethyl)quercetin —— C23H19NO7
    8-(benzylaminomethyl)quercetin
    —— 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2,5,6-D3)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one-6,8-D2 —— C15H10O7
    3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2,5,6-D3)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one-6,8-D2
    —— quercetin-3'-α-D-glucopyranoside —— C21H20O12
    quercetin-3'-α-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 3,7,3',4'-tetra(O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl)quercetin —— C39H66O7Si4
    3,7,3',4'-tetra(O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl)quercetin
    —— 4'-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl quercetin —— C21H20O12
    4'-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl quercetin
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromene-4-thione —— C15H10O6S
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromene-4-thione
    —— 6-bromo-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C15H9BrO7
    6-bromo-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— quercetin radical —— C15H9O7
    quercetin radical
    —— 3,7,3',4'-tetraglycidyloxy-5-hydroxyflavone —— C27H26O11
    3,7,3',4'-tetraglycidyloxy-5-hydroxyflavone
    —— quercetin 3-O-α-L-(2,4-di-O-acetyl)rhamnopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C31H34O17
    quercetin 3-O-α-L-(2,4-di-O-acetyl)rhamnopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— quercetin-3-O-(6''-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucoside —— C27H30O16
    quercetin-3-O-(6''-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucoside
    —— quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(6-> 1)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(3-> 1)-O-β-D-xylopyranoside —— C32H38O20
    quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(6-> 1)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(3-> 1)-O-β-D-xylopyranoside
    —— 7,4'-diglycidyloxy-3,5,3'-trihydroxyflavone —— C21H18O9
    7,4'-diglycidyloxy-3,5,3'-trihydroxyflavone
    —— 7,3',4'-triglycidyloxy-3,5-dihydroxyflavone —— C24H22O10
    7,3',4'-triglycidyloxy-3,5-dihydroxyflavone
    —— quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(2→1)-O-β-D-xylopyranoside —— C32H38O20
    quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(2→1)-O-β-D-xylopyranoside
    —— quercetin-3-O-α-(6'''-p-coumaroylglucosyl-β-1,4-rhamnoside) —— C36H36O18
    quercetin-3-O-α-(6'''-p-coumaroylglucosyl-β-1,4-rhamnoside)
    —— 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxy flavone-3'-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-3)-O-β-D-xylopyranoside —— C31H36O19
    3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxy flavone-3'-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-3)-O-β-D-xylopyranoside
    —— quercetin-7-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1->6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C26H28O16
    quercetin-7-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1->6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— quercetin 3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)-β-glucopyranosyl(1->6)-β-galactopyranoside —— C33H40O21
    quercetin 3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)-β-glucopyranosyl(1->6)-β-galactopyranoside
    —— quercetin-glucoside —— C21H20O12
    quercetin-glucoside
    —— quercetin 3-<6-sinapyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside> —— C44H50O26
    quercetin 3-<6-sinapyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside>
    —— quercetin 3-<6-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside> —— C42H46O24
    quercetin 3-<6-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside>
    —— sedacin C —— C31H28O15
    sedacin C
    —— quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->4)-β-D-galactoside —— C27H30O17
    quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->4)-β-D-galactoside