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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2,3-dimethyl-8-phenyl-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-chromeno[7,8-d]imidazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-methoxyethyl)amide —— C22H25N3O3
    2,3-dimethyl-8-phenyl-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-chromeno[7,8-d]imidazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-methoxyethyl)amide
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C17H16O9
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-yl-phenyl)-6-methoxycarbonyl-2H-benzo[b]pyran —— C27H25NO4
    7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-yl-phenyl)-6-methoxycarbonyl-2H-benzo[b]pyran
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-8-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyrano[4,3,2-de]-1-benzopyrylium —— C29H25O12
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-8-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyrano[4,3,2-de]-1-benzopyrylium
    —— kaempferol-3-O-β-D-[4'''-E-p-coumaroyl-α-L-rhamnosyl(1 6)]-(4''-E-p-coumaroyl)galactoside —— C45H42O19
    kaempferol-3-O-β-D-[4'''-E-p-coumaroyl-α-L-rhamnosyl(1 6)]-(4''-E-p-coumaroyl)galactoside
    —— kaempferol-3-O-β-D-[4'''-E-p-coumaroyl-α-L-rhamnosyl(1→ 6)]-galactoside —— C36H36O17
    kaempferol-3-O-β-D-[4'''-E-p-coumaroyl-α-L-rhamnosyl(1→ 6)]-galactoside
    —— 2''-O-p-coumaroylprunin —— C30H28O12
    2''-O-p-coumaroylprunin
    —— kaempferol-3-O-β-D-[4'''-E-p-coumaroyl-α-L-rhamnosyl(1 6)]-(3''-E-p-coumaroyl)-galactoside —— C45H42O19
    kaempferol-3-O-β-D-[4'''-E-p-coumaroyl-α-L-rhamnosyl(1 6)]-(3''-E-p-coumaroyl)-galactoside
    —— (6''-O-(delphinidin 3-O-(6''-O-p-coumaroyl-glucoside) 7-O-glucosyl)) (6''''-O-(kaempferol 3,7-di-O-glucoside, 4'-O-glucosyl))succinate —— C73H79O42
    (6''-O-(delphinidin 3-O-(6''-O-p-coumaroyl-glucoside) 7-O-glucosyl)) (6''''-O-(kaempferol 3,7-di-O-glucoside, 4'-O-glucosyl))succinate
    —— kaempferol 3-O-(6''-O-β-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside —— C27H30O15
    kaempferol 3-O-(6''-O-β-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-(4"-trans-p-coumaroyl)robinobioside —— C36H36O17
    kaempferol 3-(4"-trans-p-coumaroyl)robinobioside
    —— variabiloside C —— C42H46O22
    variabiloside C
    —— quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside —— C27H30O16
    quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside
    —— variabiloside A —— C42H46O23
    variabiloside A
    —— quercetin 3-rhamnosyl (1-> 6)galactoside-7-glucoside —— C33H40O21
    quercetin 3-rhamnosyl (1-> 6)galactoside-7-glucoside
    —— variabiloside E —— C36H36O18
    variabiloside E
    —— petunidin 3-O-β-(4"'-O-(E-coumaroyl)rutinoside)-5-O-β-glucopyranoside —— C43H49O23
    petunidin 3-O-β-(4"'-O-(E-coumaroyl)rutinoside)-5-O-β-glucopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-rhamnosyl (1-> 6)galactoside-7-glucoside —— C33H40O20
    kaempferol 3-rhamnosyl (1-> 6)galactoside-7-glucoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C48H56O26
    kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-α-L-(2,3-di-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)rhamnopyranoside —— C33H40O20
    kaempferol 3-O-α-L-(2,3-di-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)rhamnopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C42H46O22
    kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— petunidin 3-rutinoside-5-glucoside —— C34H43O21
    petunidin 3-rutinoside-5-glucoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, —— C51H52O24
    kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,
    —— kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C57H62O29
    kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C57H62O29
    kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— anisofolin-A —— C39H32O14
    anisofolin-A
    —— isorhamnetin 3-O-(6''-E-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranoside)-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C37H38O19
    isorhamnetin 3-O-(6''-E-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranoside)-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-(6''-E-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranoside)-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C36H36O18
    kaempferol 3-O-(6''-E-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranoside)-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C33H40O19
    kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— epicatechin trans-coumarate —— C24H20O8
    epicatechin trans-coumarate
    —— 3,7-O-diacetyl-(-)-epicatechin —— C19H18O8
    3,7-O-diacetyl-(-)-epicatechin
    —— 8-benzyl-5,7,3',4'-tetra-O-methylcatechin —— C26H28O6
    8-benzyl-5,7,3',4'-tetra-O-methylcatechin
    —— catechin-3-O-β-D-gluco(6-cinnamoyl)pyranoside —— C30H30O12
    catechin-3-O-β-D-gluco(6-cinnamoyl)pyranoside
    —— procyanidin B-3 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C36H36O16
    procyanidin B-3 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— 1,3-dimethyl-6-(4-[2-(2-phenyl-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxyethyl]piperazine-1-yl)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione oxalate —— C2H2O4*C27H28N4O5
    1,3-dimethyl-6-(4-[2-(2-phenyl-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxyethyl]piperazine-1-yl)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione oxalate
    —— methyl 2-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-6-butoxy-4-isopropoxy-2H-chromen-3-carboxylate —— C25H28O7
    methyl 2-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-6-butoxy-4-isopropoxy-2H-chromen-3-carboxylate
    —— 3',4',5,7-tetrabenzyloxy-flavan-3-yl phosphate —— C129H111O19P
    3',4',5,7-tetrabenzyloxy-flavan-3-yl phosphate
    —— 3-(3,4,5-TRIMETHOXYPHENYL)2,3-DIHYDRO-BENZO[F]CHROMEN-1-ONE —— C22H20O5
    3-(3,4,5-TRIMETHOXYPHENYL)2,3-DIHYDRO-BENZO[F]CHROMEN-1-ONE
    —— 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-3,4-dirydro-2H-benzo[H]chromen-4-ol —— C22H22O5
    2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-3,4-dirydro-2H-benzo[H]chromen-4-ol
    —— 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-benzo[F]chromen-1-one —— C32H32O9
    3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-benzo[F]chromen-1-one
    —— 3-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[f]chromen-1-one —— C22H20O5
    3-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[f]chromen-1-one
    —— A-222977 —— C28H29NO3S
    A-222977
    —— 2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C19H18O5
    2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran —— C33H26O3
    2,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran
    —— 1,3,3-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran —— C34H28O4
    1,3,3-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran
    —— 2,2,4-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)-2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran —— C34H28O4
    2,2,4-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)-2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran
    —— 3,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran —— C33H26O3
    3,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran
    —— 2-methoxymetboxy-6-(4-methoxymethoxy-phenyl)-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-benzo[c]chromen-9-one —— C23H26O6
    2-methoxymetboxy-6-(4-methoxymethoxy-phenyl)-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-benzo[c]chromen-9-one
    —— 6,8-dichloroflavan —— C15H12Cl2O
    6,8-dichloroflavan
    —— malvidin 3-(6"-malonylglucoside)-5-glucoside —— C32H37O20
    malvidin 3-(6"-malonylglucoside)-5-glucoside