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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 3,7-bis{[6-(diethylamino)hexyl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C41H62N2O6
    3,7-bis{[6-(diethylamino)hexyl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dimalonic acid —— C27H24O14
    2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dimalonic acid
    —— 3,7-bis[4-(diethylamino)butoxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C37H54N2O6
    3,7-bis[4-(diethylamino)butoxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]malonic acid —— C24H22O10
    2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]malonic acid
    —— 2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]propionic acid —— C24H24O8
    2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]propionic acid
    —— 2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]diacetic acid —— C25H24O10
    2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]diacetic acid
    —— 5,5'-{2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4Hchromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]diethoxy}bis(5-oxopentanoic acid) —— C35H40O14
    5,5'-{2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4Hchromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]diethoxy}bis(5-oxopentanoic acid)
    —— 3,7-bis(2-bromoethoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C25H26Br2O6
    3,7-bis(2-bromoethoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]acetic acid —— C23H22O8
    2-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]acetic acid
    —— 4-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]butyric acid ethyl ester —— C27H30O8
    4-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]butyric acid ethyl ester
    —— 4-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]crotonic acid ethyl ester —— C27H28O8
    4-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]crotonic acid ethyl ester
    —— 2-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]acetic acid ethyl ester —— C25H26O8
    2-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]acetic acid ethyl ester
    —— 2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]acetic acid ethyl ester —— C25H26O8
    2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]acetic acid ethyl ester
    —— 4-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]butyric acid ethyl ester —— C27H30O8
    4-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]butyric acid ethyl ester
    —— 2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dimalonic acid diethyl ester —— C35H40O14
    2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dimalonic acid diethyl ester
    —— icariin —— C33H40O15
    icariin
    —— 2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]propionic acid ethyl ester —— C26H28O8
    2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]propionic acid ethyl ester
    —— 2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-di-yl)bis(oxy)]diacetic acid ethyl ester —— C29H32O10
    2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-di-yl)bis(oxy)]diacetic acid ethyl ester
    —— 5,5'-{3,3'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dipropoxy}bis(5-oxopentanoic acid) —— C37H44O14
    5,5'-{3,3'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dipropoxy}bis(5-oxopentanoic acid)
    —— 2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dipropionic acid ethyl ester —— C31H36O10
    2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dipropionic acid ethyl ester
    —— 2-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]propionic acid ethyl ester —— C26H28O8
    2-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]propionic acid ethyl ester
    —— 2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]malonic acid diethyl ester —— C28H30O10
    2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]malonic acid diethyl ester
    —— 5-hydroxy-3,7-bis(3-hydroxypropoxy)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C27H32O8
    5-hydroxy-3,7-bis(3-hydroxypropoxy)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(2,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C21H22O10
    2-(2,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— MRS 1086 —— C25H30O7
    MRS 1086
    —— 5-(benzyloxy)-2-(2,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-3-hydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C28H28O10
    5-(benzyloxy)-2-(2,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-3-hydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— MRS 1063 —— C23H26O7
    MRS 1063
    —— morin radical —— C15H9O7
    morin radical
    —— 2-(2,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)chroman-3,4-dione —— C26H30O10
    2-(2,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)chroman-3,4-dione
    —— 2-(2,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,7-bis (methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C23H26O11
    2-(2,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,7-bis (methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— rutin —— C26H28O17
    rutin
    —— (R)-7-methoxy-2-phenylchroman-4-one —— C16H14O3
    (R)-7-methoxy-2-phenylchroman-4-one
    —— 2-(2-chloro-phenyl)-7-methoxy-chromen-4-one —— C16H11ClO3
    2-(2-chloro-phenyl)-7-methoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 7-methoxy-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C17H11F3O3
    7-methoxy-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 7-methoxy-2-(4-(methoxymethoxy)-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl)chroman-4-one —— C23H26O5
    7-methoxy-2-(4-(methoxymethoxy)-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 7-methoxy-2-(4-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)phenyl)chroman-4-one —— C21H22O4
    7-methoxy-2-(4-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)phenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl)chroman-4-one —— C22H24O4
    7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 2-(4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl)-7-methoxychroman-4-one —— C21H22O4
    2-(4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl)-7-methoxychroman-4-one
    —— 7-methoxy-2-(3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl)chroman-4-one —— C21H22O3
    7-methoxy-2-(3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 5-carboxypyranocyanidin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside —— C24H21O13
    5-carboxypyranocyanidin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside
    —— 10-carboxy-pyranocyanidin-3-O-rutinoside —— C30H31O17
    10-carboxy-pyranocyanidin-3-O-rutinoside
    —— 2-(4-bromophenyl)-7-methoxychroman-4-one —— C16H13BrO3
    2-(4-bromophenyl)-7-methoxychroman-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-o-tolylchromone —— C17H14O4
    5,7-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-o-tolylchromone
    —— 5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxy-3-styrylflavone —— C27H24O6
    5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxy-3-styrylflavone
    —— 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-propyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C22H24O7
    5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-propyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 4'-fluoro-5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone —— C15H9FO5
    4'-fluoro-5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone
    —— 2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-di(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one —— C26H26F2O4
    2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-di(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 3-C-methylapigenin methylether —— C18H16O5
    3-C-methylapigenin methylether
    —— 2-(3-fluoro-4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-di(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one —— C26H26ClFO4
    2-(3-fluoro-4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-di(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 6-hexyl-7-hydroxy-4-methylflavylium chloride —— C22H25O2*Cl
    6-hexyl-7-hydroxy-4-methylflavylium chloride