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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 7-O-methylkaempferol 3-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-galactopyranoside) —— C28H32O15
    7-O-methylkaempferol 3-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-galactopyranoside)
    —— atriplexin II —— C29H32O17
    atriplexin II
    —— atriplexin III —— C28H30O17
    atriplexin III
    —— kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C45H60O29
    kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C32H38O19
    kaempferol 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1'''→6'')-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside —— C32H38O19
    kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1'''→6'')-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside
    —— kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside —— C27H28O16
    kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside
    —— (-)-catechin-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C21H24O11
    (-)-catechin-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— (-)-catechin-8-C-β-D-galactopyranoside —— C21H24O11
    (-)-catechin-8-C-β-D-galactopyranoside
    —— (-)-catechin-6-C-β-D,8-C-β-D-digalactopyranoside —— C27H34O16
    (-)-catechin-6-C-β-D,8-C-β-D-digalactopyranoside
    —— (-)-catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C21H24O11
    (-)-catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— (-)-catechin-6-C-β-D-galactopyranoside —— C21H24O11
    (-)-catechin-6-C-β-D-galactopyranoside
    —— (-)-catechin-6-C-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C21H24O11
    (-)-catechin-6-C-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— (-)-catechin-6-C-β-D,8-C-β-D-diglucopyranoside —— C27H34O16
    (-)-catechin-6-C-β-D,8-C-β-D-diglucopyranoside
    —— (2R,3S)-2,8-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-15-methyl-12-nitro-3,4-dihydro-2H,14H-8,14-methanochromeno[7,8-d] [1,3]benzodioxocine-3,5-diol —— C31H25NO11
    (2R,3S)-2,8-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-15-methyl-12-nitro-3,4-dihydro-2H,14H-8,14-methanochromeno[7,8-d] [1,3]benzodioxocine-3,5-diol
    —— 3'-O-methyl-(+)-catechin-7-O-β-glucuronide —— C22H24O12
    3'-O-methyl-(+)-catechin-7-O-β-glucuronide
    —— (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-aminochroman-5,7-diol —— C15H15NO5
    (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-aminochroman-5,7-diol
    —— (R)-8,8-methylmethine-catechin-malvidin 3-O-glucoside —— C40H41O18
    (R)-8,8-methylmethine-catechin-malvidin 3-O-glucoside
    —— (S)-8,8-methylmethine-catechin-malvidin 3-O-glucoside —— C40H41O18
    (S)-8,8-methylmethine-catechin-malvidin 3-O-glucoside
    —— theadibenzotropolone B —— C50H38O21
    theadibenzotropolone B
    —— (2R,3S)-2-[3'-(di-tert-butylhydroxysilyloxy)-4'-hydroxyphenyl]chroman-3,5,7-triol —— C23H32O7Si
    (2R,3S)-2-[3'-(di-tert-butylhydroxysilyloxy)-4'-hydroxyphenyl]chroman-3,5,7-triol
    —— (2R,3S)-5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-(4'-benzyloxy-3'-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-3-ol —— C36H32O6
    (2R,3S)-5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-(4'-benzyloxy-3'-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-3-ol
    —— (2R,3S)-5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-[4'-benzyloxy-3'-(di-tert-butylhydroxysilyloxy)phenyl]chroman-3-ol —— C44H50O7Si
    (2R,3S)-5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-[4'-benzyloxy-3'-(di-tert-butylhydroxysilyloxy)phenyl]chroman-3-ol
    —— (2R,3S)-5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-[3'-benzyloxy-4'-(di-tert-butylhydroxysilyloxy)phenyl]chroman-3-ol —— C44H50O7Si
    (2R,3S)-5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-[3'-benzyloxy-4'-(di-tert-butylhydroxysilyloxy)phenyl]chroman-3-ol
    —— guaiacylcatechinpyrylium —— C25H21O8
    guaiacylcatechinpyrylium
    —— 3-O-stearoyl-(+)-catechin —— C33H48O7
    3-O-stearoyl-(+)-catechin
    —— (2R,3S)-5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-(3'-benzyloxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-3-ol —— C36H32O6
    (2R,3S)-5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-(3'-benzyloxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-3-ol
    —— 3-O-[(RS)-2-methyloctanoyl]-(+)-catechin —— C24H30O7
    3-O-[(RS)-2-methyloctanoyl]-(+)-catechin
    —— (2R,3S)-2-[4'-(di-tert-butylhydroxysilyloxy)-3'-hydroxyphenyl]chroman-3,5,7-triol —— C23H32O7Si
    (2R,3S)-2-[4'-(di-tert-butylhydroxysilyloxy)-3'-hydroxyphenyl]chroman-3,5,7-triol
    —— [(2R,3S)-3,5,7-Tris-benzyloxy-2-(3,4-bis-benzyloxy-phenyl)-chroman-8-yl]-(2,4,6-tris-benzyloxy-phenyl)-methanone —— C78H66O10
    [(2R,3S)-3,5,7-Tris-benzyloxy-2-(3,4-bis-benzyloxy-phenyl)-chroman-8-yl]-(2,4,6-tris-benzyloxy-phenyl)-methanone
    —— 2-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)chromane-(4→8,2→O-7)-catechin —— C30H24O9
    2-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)chromane-(4→8,2→O-7)-catechin
    —— 4-(((2R,3S)-5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-(3,4-bis(benzyloxy)phenyl)-chroman-3-yloxy)methyl)-1-(3,4,5-tris(benzyloxy)benzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole —— C74H65N3O9
    4-(((2R,3S)-5,7-bis(benzyloxy)-2-(3,4-bis(benzyloxy)phenyl)-chroman-3-yloxy)methyl)-1-(3,4,5-tris(benzyloxy)benzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole
    —— 3-O-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoyl)epicatechin —— C24H22O10
    3-O-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoyl)epicatechin
    —— (2S)-7,4'-dihydroxyflavan(4β→8)-catechin —— C30H26O9
    (2S)-7,4'-dihydroxyflavan(4β→8)-catechin
    —— (2R,3S,10S)-2,10-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4,9,10-tetrahydro-3,5-dihydroxy-2H,8H-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-8-one —— C24H20O9
    (2R,3S,10S)-2,10-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4,9,10-tetrahydro-3,5-dihydroxy-2H,8H-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-8-one
    —— (+)-catechin 5-O-β-glucuronide —— C21H22O12
    (+)-catechin 5-O-β-glucuronide
    —— (+)-epicatechin-6-C-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C21H24O11
    (+)-epicatechin-6-C-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 3-O-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-(-)-catechin —— C25H24O10
    3-O-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-(-)-catechin
    —— (2R,3S,10R)-2,10-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4,9,10-tetrahydro-3,5-dihydroxy-2H,8H-benzo-[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-8-one —— C24H20O9
    (2R,3S,10R)-2,10-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4,9,10-tetrahydro-3,5-dihydroxy-2H,8H-benzo-[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-8-one
    —— (R)-mesquitol-[5->8]-catechin —— C30H26O12
    (R)-mesquitol-[5->8]-catechin
    —— 3-O-decanoyl-(+)-catechin —— C25H32O7
    3-O-decanoyl-(+)-catechin
    —— 3-O-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-(-)-catechin —— C25H24O10
    3-O-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-(-)-catechin
    —— 3-{8''-[3',4'-dihydroxy-1'-(3,5,7-trihydroxychroman-2-yl)phenyl]-3'',5'',7''-trihydroxychroman-2''-yl}hexa-2,4-diene-2,5-dioic acid —— C30H26O14
    3-{8''-[3',4'-dihydroxy-1'-(3,5,7-trihydroxychroman-2-yl)phenyl]-3'',5'',7''-trihydroxychroman-2''-yl}hexa-2,4-diene-2,5-dioic acid
    —— malvidin 3-O-glucopyranoside —— C23H25O12
    malvidin 3-O-glucopyranoside
    —— (2R)-5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavan-3-one —— C19H20O6
    (2R)-5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavan-3-one
    —— (+)-catechin(2->8'')catechin —— C30H26O12
    (+)-catechin(2->8'')catechin
    —— catechin-(6->6')-catechin —— C30H26O12
    catechin-(6->6')-catechin
    —— (2R,3S)-2-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,9,10-tetrahydroxy-2,3-trans-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzofurano[2,3-h]chromene —— C21H16O8
    (2R,3S)-2-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,9,10-tetrahydroxy-2,3-trans-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzofurano[2,3-h]chromene
    —— 5,7,3',4'-tetra-O-benzyl-4β-(phenylsulfanyl)-catechin —— C49H42O6S
    5,7,3',4'-tetra-O-benzyl-4β-(phenylsulfanyl)-catechin
    —— 3-O-hexanoyl-(+)-catechin —— C21H24O7
    3-O-hexanoyl-(+)-catechin