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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 6,8-di-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (2R)- 81446-26-6 C27H32O15
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 6,8-di-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (2R)-
    —— (2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-flavanone 83532-20-1 C17H14O6
    (2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-flavanone
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 20056-21-7 C33H40O20
    5-hydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 7-O-(6-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl)-4'-O-(β-allopyranosyl)apigenin 95690-52-1 C29H32O16
    7-O-(6-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl)-4'-O-(β-allopyranosyl)apigenin
    —— 3-[(2-O-D-Apio-I(2)-D-furanosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 99816-59-8 C26H28O15
    3-[(2-O-D-Apio-I(2)-D-furanosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 8-Methoxy-3-phenyl-1H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran-1-one 89504-54-1 C20H14O3
    8-Methoxy-3-phenyl-1H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran-1-one
    —— [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3-acetyloxy-5-hydroxy-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] acetate 84323-20-6 C25H24O12
    [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3-acetyloxy-5-hydroxy-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] acetate
    —— Rubraflavone A 54510-13-3 C25H26O5
    Rubraflavone A
    —— 2-(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7,8-trimethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 61862-70-2 C20H20O7
    2-(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7,8-trimethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— Rhamnazin-3-O-β-isorhamninosid-deca-O-acetat 52801-25-9 C55H64O30
    Rhamnazin-3-O-β-isorhamninosid-deca-O-acetat
    —— (2R,3R,4S)-2,3-cis-3,4-trans-4-ethoxy-3,3',4',7,8-pentahydroxyflavan 104806-83-9 C17H18O7
    (2R,3R,4S)-2,3-cis-3,4-trans-4-ethoxy-3,3',4',7,8-pentahydroxyflavan
    —— Patuletin 3-glucosyl-(1a6)[apiosyl(1a2)]glucoside 101021-30-1 C33H40O22
    Patuletin 3-glucosyl-(1a6)[apiosyl(1a2)]glucoside
    —— Rhamnocitrin-3-O-β-rhamninosid-deca-O-acetat 73519-13-8 C54H62O29
    Rhamnocitrin-3-O-β-rhamninosid-deca-O-acetat
    —— (-)-8'-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-12a-hydroxyamorphigenin 68401-03-6 C29H32O13
    (-)-8'-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-12a-hydroxyamorphigenin
    —— [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 102231-39-0 C36H36O17
    [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— Patuletin 3-O-I(2)-gentiobioside 101021-28-7 C28H32O18
    Patuletin 3-O-I(2)-gentiobioside
    —— 5,6,7,8,2',6'-hexamethoxyflavone 74670-18-1 C21H22O8
    5,6,7,8,2',6'-hexamethoxyflavone
    —— 8-Glucopyranosylprocyanidin B1 105371-28-6 C36H36O17
    8-Glucopyranosylprocyanidin B1
    —— 6-Glucopyranosylprocyanidin B1 105371-29-7 C36H36O17
    6-Glucopyranosylprocyanidin B1
    —— 3,4'-di-O-β-D-glucosyl-7-O-β-D-(2-O-feruloyl)glucosylkaempferol 108887-46-3 C43H48O24
    3,4'-di-O-β-D-glucosyl-7-O-β-D-(2-O-feruloyl)glucosylkaempferol
    —— (1R,5R,6S,13S,21R)-5,13-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9,17,19-trimethoxy-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2,8,10,15(20),16,18-hexaene-6,21-diol 111466-35-4 C37H38O12
    (1R,5R,6S,13S,21R)-5,13-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9,17,19-trimethoxy-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2,8,10,15(20),16,18-hexaene-6,21-diol
    —— 3-O-β-D-(2-O-feruloyl)glucosyl-7,4'-di-O-β-D-glucosylkaempferol 108887-47-4 C43H48O24
    3-O-β-D-(2-O-feruloyl)glucosyl-7,4'-di-O-β-D-glucosylkaempferol
    —— 3-O-β-sophorosyl-7-O-β-D-(6O-feruloyl)glucosylkaempferol 87891-34-7 C43H48O24
    3-O-β-sophorosyl-7-O-β-D-(6O-feruloyl)glucosylkaempferol
    —— 5,3'-di-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin 97914-18-6 C17H18O6
    5,3'-di-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin
    —— (2S,3R)-2-Naphthalen-1-yl-3,6-dinitro-chroman 112513-92-5 C19H14N2O5
    (2S,3R)-2-Naphthalen-1-yl-3,6-dinitro-chroman
    —— (2S,3S)-2-(3,4-Diethoxy-phenyl)-chroman-3-ylamine 112514-08-6 C19H23NO3
    (2S,3S)-2-(3,4-Diethoxy-phenyl)-chroman-3-ylamine
    —— (2S,3R)-6-Chloro-2-naphthalen-1-yl-3-nitro-chroman 112513-91-4 C19H14ClNO3
    (2S,3R)-6-Chloro-2-naphthalen-1-yl-3-nitro-chroman
    —— N-[(2S,3S)-2-(3,4-Diethoxy-phenyl)-chroman-3-yl]-hydroxylamine 112513-98-1 C19H23NO4
    N-[(2S,3S)-2-(3,4-Diethoxy-phenyl)-chroman-3-yl]-hydroxylamine
    —— 2-phenyl-3-amino-2H-1-benzopyran 112514-01-9 C15H15NO
    2-phenyl-3-amino-2H-1-benzopyran
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-7-[[2-O-[5-O-[(2E)-1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-yl]-D-apio-beta-D-furanosyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2-phenyl- 773899-29-9 C35H36O14
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-7-[[2-O-[5-O-[(2E)-1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-yl]-D-apio-beta-D-furanosyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2-phenyl-
    —— salcolin B 369390-51-2 C27H26O11
    salcolin B
    —— salcolin B 369390-52-3 C27H26O11
    salcolin B
    —— 4-(7-hydroxy-4-oxo-8-propyl-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)-benzoic acid 57161-95-2 C19H16O5
    4-(7-hydroxy-4-oxo-8-propyl-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)-benzoic acid
    —— 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-(2-methylphenyl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran 138947-55-4 C27H22O2
    3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-(2-methylphenyl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran
    —— 3-(2,6-Difluorophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran 138947-57-6 C26H18F2O2
    3-(2,6-Difluorophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran
    —— 2-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 134611-70-4 C17H13NO6
    2-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 5,7,8-Trimethyl-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2,6-diol 53713-18-1 C18H20O3
    5,7,8-Trimethyl-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2,6-diol
    —— 4,5-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavan 1227479-75-5 C17H18O5
    4,5-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavan
    —— Muscadinin 25846-73-5 C28H33O17+
    Muscadinin
    —— Hexanamide, 2,6-diamino-N-(4-(5-amino-6,8-difluoro-7-methyl-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)-2-fluorophenyl)-, (2S)-, dimethanesulfonate 468719-53-1 C24H31F3N4O9S2
    Hexanamide, 2,6-diamino-N-(4-(5-amino-6,8-difluoro-7-methyl-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)-2-fluorophenyl)-, (2S)-, dimethanesulfonate
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-propionic acid 8-(2,2-dimethyl-propionyloxy)-11-methyl-11-[3-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl]-5,11-dihydro-chromeno[4,3-c]chromen-2-yl ester 554431-12-8 C40H47NO7
    2,2-dimethyl-propionic acid 8-(2,2-dimethyl-propionyloxy)-11-methyl-11-[3-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl]-5,11-dihydro-chromeno[4,3-c]chromen-2-yl ester
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-propionic acid 8-(2,2-dimethyl-propionyloxy)-11-methyl-11-[4-(3-piperidin-1-yl-propoxy)-phenyl]-5,11-dihydro-chromeno[4,3-c]chromen-2-yl ester 554431-11-7 C41H49NO7
    2,2-dimethyl-propionic acid 8-(2,2-dimethyl-propionyloxy)-11-methyl-11-[4-(3-piperidin-1-yl-propoxy)-phenyl]-5,11-dihydro-chromeno[4,3-c]chromen-2-yl ester
    —— Peonidin 3-lathyroside 155380-00-0 C27H31O15+
    Peonidin 3-lathyroside
    —— Malvidin 3-sophoroside 5-glucoside 61811-04-9 C35H45O22+
    Malvidin 3-sophoroside 5-glucoside
    —— Delphinidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside 36547-37-2 C33H41O22+
    Delphinidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside
    —— Cyanidin 3-(6''-(E)-p-coumarylsambubioside) 5-glucoside 163060-00-2 C41H45O22+
    Cyanidin 3-(6''-(E)-p-coumarylsambubioside) 5-glucoside
    —— 2-[2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 55463-07-5 C29H35O17+
    2-[2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— Sambicyanin 33012-73-6 C26H29O15+
    Sambicyanin
    —— Delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside 53158-73-9 C26H29O16+
    Delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside
    —— 2-[4-[5,7-Dihydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-2-yl]-2-hydroxyphenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 27459-78-5 C27H31O16+
    2-[4-[5,7-Dihydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-2-yl]-2-hydroxyphenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol