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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (-)-8-(5''S)-N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone-epicatechin —— C21H23NO7
    (-)-8-(5''S)-N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone-epicatechin
    —— 2-(Benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-6-isopropoxy-4-(4-methoxy-phenoxy)-2H-chromen-3-carboxylic acid —— C27H24O8
    2-(Benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-6-isopropoxy-4-(4-methoxy-phenoxy)-2H-chromen-3-carboxylic acid
    —— 3,3-diphenyl-13-hydroxy-13-methyl-indeno[2,1-f]naphtho[1,2-b]pyran —— C33H24O2
    3,3-diphenyl-13-hydroxy-13-methyl-indeno[2,1-f]naphtho[1,2-b]pyran
    —— kaempferol 3-O-β-D-lactoside —— C27H30O16
    kaempferol 3-O-β-D-lactoside
    —— 8-(β-D-galactopyranosyl)naringenin —— C21H22O10
    8-(β-D-galactopyranosyl)naringenin
    —— quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1->2)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C39H50O26
    quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1->2)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— quercetin 3-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1''-2′′ )]-β-D-galactopyranoside —— C26H28O16
    quercetin 3-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1''-2′′ )]-β-D-galactopyranoside
    —— quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C39H50O27
    quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— quercetin 3-O-(6-O-sinapoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C44H50O26
    quercetin 3-O-(6-O-sinapoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-(6-O-feruloyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C43H48O24
    kaempferol 3-O-(6-O-feruloyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— quercetin 3-O-(6-O-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1->2)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C48H56O29
    quercetin 3-O-(6-O-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl(1->2)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— kaempferol-3-O-(2-O-sinapoyl)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C44H50O24
    kaempferol-3-O-(2-O-sinapoyl)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone-4'-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-α-L-arabino-pyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-galactopyranoside —— C33H40O19
    5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone-4'-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-α-L-arabino-pyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-galactopyranoside
    —— quercetin-3-O-(6-O-benzoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-galactopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C40H44O22
    quercetin-3-O-(6-O-benzoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-galactopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-(400-trans-p-coumaroyl) β-D-galactopyranoside 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside —— C42H46O21
    kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-(400-trans-p-coumaroyl) β-D-galactopyranoside 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— quercetin 3-O-(6''-O-phenylacetyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside —— C29H26O13
    quercetin 3-O-(6''-O-phenylacetyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside
    —— polygalin H —— C30H36O17
    polygalin H
    —— 4'-acetoxy-6,7-(2,2-dimethylpyrano)-5-prenyloxyflavone —— C27H26O6
    4'-acetoxy-6,7-(2,2-dimethylpyrano)-5-prenyloxyflavone
    —— 4'-acetoxy-5-hydroxy-6,7-(2,2-dimethylpyrano)-8-prenylflavone —— C27H26O6
    4'-acetoxy-5-hydroxy-6,7-(2,2-dimethylpyrano)-8-prenylflavone
    —— 5,9,10-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-benzofuro[2,3-h]chromen-4-one —— C21H12O7
    5,9,10-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-benzofuro[2,3-h]chromen-4-one
    —— 8-iodo-5,7-diisopropoxy-2-(4-isopropoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C24H27IO5
    8-iodo-5,7-diisopropoxy-2-(4-isopropoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— N-((phenoxy)((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-phenylalanine methyl ester —— C31H26NO9P
    N-((phenoxy)((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-phenylalanine methyl ester
    —— N-((phenoxy)((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)glycine methyl ester —— C24H20NO9P
    N-((phenoxy)((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)glycine methyl ester
    —— N-((phenoxy)((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-valine methyl ester —— C27H26NO9P
    N-((phenoxy)((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-valine methyl ester
    —— N-((phenoxy)((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-leucine methyl ester —— C28H28NO9P
    N-((phenoxy)((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-leucine methyl ester
    —— N-((phenoxy)((5-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-leucine methyl ester —— C32H32NO11P
    N-((phenoxy)((5-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-leucine methyl ester
    —— N-((phenoxy)((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-alanine methyl ester —— C25H22NO9P
    N-((phenoxy)((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-alanine methyl ester
    —— N-((phenoxy)((5-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)glycine methyl ester —— C28H24NO11P
    N-((phenoxy)((5-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)glycine methyl ester
    —— N-((phenoxy)((5-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-alanine methyl ester —— C29H26NO11P
    N-((phenoxy)((5-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-alanine methyl ester
    —— N-((phenoxy)((5-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-valine methyl ester —— C31H30NO11P
    N-((phenoxy)((5-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-7-yl)oxy)phosphoryl)-L-valine methyl ester
    —— N-hydroxy-7-((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)heptanamide —— C22H23NO7
    N-hydroxy-7-((5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)heptanamide
    —— 7,4'-dihydroxy-5-(1-carboxymethoxy)flavone —— C17H12O7
    7,4'-dihydroxy-5-(1-carboxymethoxy)flavone
    —— 5,7,8-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-benzofuro[3,2-g]chromen-4-one —— C21H12O7
    5,7,8-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-benzofuro[3,2-g]chromen-4-one
    —— 8-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C21H14O7
    8-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 6-((2-(4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)-N-hydroxyhexanamide —— C25H30N2O7
    6-((2-(4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)-N-hydroxyhexanamide
    —— 7,4'-dihydroxy-5-(1-ethoxycarbonylmethoxy)flavone —— C19H16O7
    7,4'-dihydroxy-5-(1-ethoxycarbonylmethoxy)flavone
    —— 7,4'-diacetoxy-5-hydroxy-6-C-(1,1-dimethylallyl)flavone —— C24H22O7
    7,4'-diacetoxy-5-hydroxy-6-C-(1,1-dimethylallyl)flavone
    —— 6-(1,1-dimethylallyl)apigenin —— C20H18O5
    6-(1,1-dimethylallyl)apigenin
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl-3,5-D2)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one-3-D —— C15H10O5
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl-3,5-D2)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one-3-D
    —— 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-(3-carboxypropoxy)flavone —— C19H16O7
    5,4'-dihydroxy-7-(3-carboxypropoxy)flavone
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-((4-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C25H24N2O5S
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-((4-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— apigenin 7-O-β-D-(4''-O-methyl)glucopyranoside —— C22H22O10
    apigenin 7-O-β-D-(4''-O-methyl)glucopyranoside
    —— 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-(1-carboxymethoxy)flavone —— C17H12O7
    5,4'-dihydroxy-7-(1-carboxymethoxy)flavone
    —— 5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-[4-(propanoyloxy)phenyl]-4H-chromen-7-yl propanoate —— C21H18O7
    5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-[4-(propanoyloxy)phenyl]-4H-chromen-7-yl propanoate
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(methoxymethoxy)chromen-4-one —— C17H14O6
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(methoxymethoxy)chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7,4'-tripivaloyloxyflavone —— C30H34O8
    5,7,4'-tripivaloyloxyflavone
    —— 7-(2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C22H11F3N2O9
    7-(2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 7-(2,4-dinitro-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2-(4-(2,4-dinitro-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C29H12F6N4O13
    7-(2,4-dinitro-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2-(4-(2,4-dinitro-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 7-(3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2-(4-(3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C29H10Cl2F6N4O13
    7-(3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2-(4-(3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-5-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-7-isopropoxy-2-(4-isopropoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C21H22O5
    5-hydroxy-7-isopropoxy-2-(4-isopropoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one