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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 64963-54-8 C27H31O16+
    2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— Cyanidin 3-O-[b-D-Xylopyranosyl-(1->2)-[(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-(->6)-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)]-b-D-galactopyranoside] 142506-20-5 C39H43O22+
    Cyanidin 3-O-[b-D-Xylopyranosyl-(1->2)-[(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-(->6)-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)]-b-D-galactopyranoside]
    —— Cyanidin 3-(3''-malonyl-glucoside) 171828-61-8 C24H23O14+
    Cyanidin 3-(3''-malonyl-glucoside)
    —— Petunidin 3-O-gentiobioside 39814-18-1 C28H33O17+
    Petunidin 3-O-gentiobioside
    —— Cyanidin 3-(4-acetylglucoside) 88395-42-0 C23H23O12+
    Cyanidin 3-(4-acetylglucoside)
    —— 3-O-[a-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)-b-D-glucopyranoside] 39824-82-3 C29H35O16+
    3-O-[a-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)-b-D-glucopyranoside]
    —— Pelargonidin 3-rhamnoside 5-glucoside 53925-32-9 C27H31O14+
    Pelargonidin 3-rhamnoside 5-glucoside
    —— Cyanidin 3-O-xylosyl-rutinoside 38226-79-8 C32H39O19+
    Cyanidin 3-O-xylosyl-rutinoside
    —— Pelargonidin 3-sophoroside 5-glucoside 75093-88-8 C33H41O20+
    Pelargonidin 3-sophoroside 5-glucoside
    —— Malvidin 3-(6-acetylglucoside) 101072-66-6 C25H27O13+
    Malvidin 3-(6-acetylglucoside)
    —— Cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside 53925-33-0 C32H39O20+
    Cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside
    —— 2-[3,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 157526-28-8 C21H21O10+
    2-[3,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— N,N-Dibutyl-4-(7-ethyl-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-3,7-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]carbazol-3-yl)benzenamine 1160994-29-5 C37H39FN2O
    N,N-Dibutyl-4-(7-ethyl-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-3,7-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]carbazol-3-yl)benzenamine
    —— 7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 27509-67-7 C26H28O14
    7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— demethylthymusin 98755-26-1 C16H12O7
    demethylthymusin
    —— 7-[(3S,4R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C27H32O15
    7-[(3S,4R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 7-[(2S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C27H32O14
    7-[(2S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 4-[4-(5-Phenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,2'-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane]-5-yl)phenyl]morpholine 356060-93-0 C42H37NO2
    4-[4-(5-Phenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,2'-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane]-5-yl)phenyl]morpholine
    —— [5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate 213598-38-0 C22H18O10
    [5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
    —— 3,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-chromenylium; chloride 13544-54-2 C15H11O4*Cl
    3,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-chromenylium; chloride
    —— 2-(4-amino-phenyl)-chroman-4-one 3327-25-1 C15H13NO2
    2-(4-amino-phenyl)-chroman-4-one
    —— 4'-Chloro-7-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)flavone 84858-61-7 C18H13ClO4
    4'-Chloro-7-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)flavone
    —— 3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C34H42O20
    3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— Flavodate disodium 13358-62-8 C19H12Na2O8
    Flavodate disodium
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-8-methyl-, (S)- 86890-96-2 C19H20O6
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-8-methyl-, (S)-
    —— 6,14-Methano-10H,14H-(1)benzopyrano(7,6-d)(1,3)benzodioxocin-1,3,11,13,15-pentol, 11,12-dihydro-6,10-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (6S,10S,11S,14S,15R)- 87686-71-3 C30H24O10
    6,14-Methano-10H,14H-(1)benzopyrano(7,6-d)(1,3)benzodioxocin-1,3,11,13,15-pentol, 11,12-dihydro-6,10-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (6S,10S,11S,14S,15R)-
    —— 2H-1-Benzopyran-3,5,7-triol, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-,tetrahydrate, (2R-trans)- 88191-49-5 C15H22O10
    2H-1-Benzopyran-3,5,7-triol, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-,tetrahydrate, (2R-trans)-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-6-methyl-, (S)- 85687-89-4 C23H26O11
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-6-methyl-, (S)-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 8-arabinosyl-6-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 83856-66-0 C26H28O14
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 8-arabinosyl-6-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-, (R)- 83247-72-7 C18H18O4
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-, (R)-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 8-(acetyloxy)-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-phenyl-, (S)- 83327-49-5 C18H16O6
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 8-(acetyloxy)-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-phenyl-, (S)-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)phenyl)-6,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-, (2S)- 83474-69-5 C30H36O5
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)phenyl)-6,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-, (2S)-
    —— 8,14-Methano-2H,14H-1-benzopyrano(7,8-d)(1,3)benzodioxocin-3,5,11,13,15-pentol, 3,4-dihydro-2,8-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (2R,3R,8R,14S,15S)- 82765-89-7 C30H24O10
    8,14-Methano-2H,14H-1-benzopyrano(7,8-d)(1,3)benzodioxocin-3,5,11,13,15-pentol, 3,4-dihydro-2,8-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (2R,3R,8R,14S,15S)-
    —— beta-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-7-yl, methyl ester 82657-11-2 C23H22O13
    beta-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-7-yl, methyl ester
    —— 8,14-Methano-2H,14H-1-benzopyrano(7,8-d)(1,3)benzodioxocin-3,5,11,13,15-pentol, 3,4-dihydro-2,8-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (2R,3R,8S,14R,15R)- 82796-37-0 C30H24O10
    8,14-Methano-2H,14H-1-benzopyrano(7,8-d)(1,3)benzodioxocin-3,5,11,13,15-pentol, 3,4-dihydro-2,8-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, (2R,3R,8S,14R,15R)-
    —— beta-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-7-yl 82657-12-3 C22H20O13
    beta-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-7-yl
    —— 5,7-Diamino-2-(4-aminophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one trihydrochloride 158555-33-0 C15H16Cl3N3O3
    5,7-Diamino-2-(4-aminophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one trihydrochloride
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-((6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-, (2R,3R)- 80443-12-5 C21H22O12
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-((6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-, (2R,3R)-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one-2-14C, 2-phenyl- 78081-75-1 C15H10O2
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one-2-14C, 2-phenyl-
    —— candidone 77727-18-5 C22H24O4
    candidone
    —— Benzoic acid, 4-fluoro-, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl ester, (2R-trans)- 71634-85-0 C22H17FO7
    Benzoic acid, 4-fluoro-, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl ester, (2R-trans)-
    —— gambiriin C 76236-89-0 C30H26O11
    gambiriin C
    —— alpha-L-Mannopyranoside, 3,4-dihydro-4,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl 6-deoxy-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl- 76520-51-9 C27H34O17
    alpha-L-Mannopyranoside, 3,4-dihydro-4,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl 6-deoxy-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3,5-bis((6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-, (2R-trans)- 74545-40-7 C27H32O15
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3,5-bis((6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-, (2R-trans)-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-(4-((4-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)phenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dimethoxy- 73772-90-4 C29H36O14
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-(4-((4-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)phenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dimethoxy-
    —— alpha-L-Mannopyranoside, 3,4-dihydro-4,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl 6-deoxy- 76532-04-2 C21H24O12
    alpha-L-Mannopyranoside, 3,4-dihydro-4,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl 6-deoxy-
    —— kolaflavanone 68705-66-8 C31H24O12
    kolaflavanone
    —— 2H-1-Benzopyran-5,7-diol, 3-(3-aminopropoxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-, (2R-trans)- 71634-93-0 C18H21NO6
    2H-1-Benzopyran-5,7-diol, 3-(3-aminopropoxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-, (2R-trans)-
    —— 3-Propyl-cianidanol 71628-00-7 C18H20O6
    3-Propyl-cianidanol
    —— 2H-1-Benzopyran-5,7-diol, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-3-(octadecyloxy)-, (2R-trans)- 71628-10-9 C33H50O6
    2H-1-Benzopyran-5,7-diol, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-3-(octadecyloxy)-, (2R-trans)-