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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 7-O-[β-D-Glcp-O-β-D-Glcp]2-3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin-(4β-8)-[3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin]-(4β-8)-3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin —— C112H106O64
    7-O-[β-D-Glcp-O-β-D-Glcp]2-3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin-(4β-8)-[3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin]-(4β-8)-3-O-galloyl-(-)-epigallocatechin
    —— myricatin —— C22H15O15S*K
    myricatin
    —— gallocatechin-(4α->8)-catechin —— C37H30O16
    gallocatechin-(4α->8)-catechin
    —— quercetin-3-O-rutinoside 207671-50-9 C27H30O16*3H2O
    quercetin-3-O-rutinoside
    —— scutellarin arginine salt —— C6H14N4O2*C21H18O12
    scutellarin arginine salt
    —— 4'-chloro-6-methoxyflavanone —— C16H13ClO3
    4'-chloro-6-methoxyflavanone
    —— 2-(4-isopropylphenyl)chroman-4-one —— C18H18O2
    2-(4-isopropylphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— (3S,4S)-4-[(2S)-3,4-dihydro-7-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-8-yl]tetrahydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-furanyl (2E)-3-phenyl-2-propenoate —— C30H28O6
    (3S,4S)-4-[(2S)-3,4-dihydro-7-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-8-yl]tetrahydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-furanyl (2E)-3-phenyl-2-propenoate
    —— apigenin-7-galacturonic acid methyl ester —— C22H20O11
    apigenin-7-galacturonic acid methyl ester
    —— luteolin 7-O-<β-D-glucuronosyl(1<*>2)β-D-glucuronide> —— C27H26O18
    luteolin 7-O-<β-D-glucuronosyl(1<*>2)β-D-glucuronide>
    —— kaempferol 3-glucuronide-7-glucoside —— C27H28O17
    kaempferol 3-glucuronide-7-glucoside
    —— quercetin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside uronic acid 7-O-β-glucopyranoside —— C27H28O18
    quercetin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside uronic acid 7-O-β-glucopyranoside
    —— quercetin 3-glucuronide-3'-sulphate —— C21H17O16S*K
    quercetin 3-glucuronide-3'-sulphate
    —— Rhamnetin 3-glucuronide —— C22H20O13
    Rhamnetin 3-glucuronide
    —— cyanidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(2-O-(tartaryl)malonyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside]-3'-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranoside] —— C64H67O41
    cyanidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(2-O-(tartaryl)malonyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside]-3'-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranoside]
    —— delphinidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(2-O-(tartaryl)malonyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside]-3'-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranoside] —— C64H67O42
    delphinidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(2-O-(tartaryl)malonyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside]-3'-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranoside]
    —— delphinidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside]-3'-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranoside] —— C57H61O34
    delphinidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside]-3'-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranoside]
    —— delphinidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(2-O-(tartaryl)malonyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside] —— C58H59O36
    delphinidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(2-O-(tartaryl)malonyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside]
    —— delphinidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(malonyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside]-3'-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranoside] —— C60H63O37
    delphinidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(malonyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside]-3'-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranoside]
    —— 3-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-phenyl)-7-(3,7,11-trimethyl-dodecyl)-chromen-4-one —— C30H40O6
    3-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-phenyl)-7-(3,7,11-trimethyl-dodecyl)-chromen-4-one
    —— (-)-epicatechin —— C15H14O6
    (-)-epicatechin
    —— luteolin-7-O-(2″-O-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C30H26O14
    luteolin-7-O-(2″-O-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 3-[N-(4-carboxybenzyl)amino]methylidene-flavanone —— C24H19NO4
    3-[N-(4-carboxybenzyl)amino]methylidene-flavanone
    —— 3-hydroxymethylidene-flavanone —— C16H12O3
    3-hydroxymethylidene-flavanone
    —— (2R,3R)-3,5,7,3',5'-pentahydroxyflavan —— C15H14O6
    (2R,3R)-3,5,7,3',5'-pentahydroxyflavan
    —— delphinidin 3-O-[6-O-malonyl-β-D-glucopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(4-O-(6-O-(4-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside] —— C60H65O36
    delphinidin 3-O-[6-O-malonyl-β-D-glucopyranoside]-7-O-[6-O-(4-O-(6-O-(4-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside]
    —— delphinidin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside —— C27H31O17
    delphinidin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— delphinidin 3-O-[6-O-(2-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-α-arabinofuranosyl)-β-glucopyranoside]-7,3'-O-di[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-glucopyranoside] —— C65H67O35
    delphinidin 3-O-[6-O-(2-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-α-arabinofuranosyl)-β-glucopyranoside]-7,3'-O-di[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-glucopyranoside]
    —— cyanidin 3-O-[6-O-(2-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-α-arabinofuranosyl)-β-glucopyranoside]-7,3'-O-di[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-glucopyranoside] —— C65H67O34
    cyanidin 3-O-[6-O-(2-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-α-arabinofuranosyl)-β-glucopyranoside]-7,3'-O-di[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-glucopyranoside]
    —— quercetin 3-<6-caffeyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside> —— C42H46O25
    quercetin 3-<6-caffeyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside>
    —— kaempferol 3-O-[(6-O-E-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside-7-O-β-D-glucuropyranoside —— C42H44O25
    kaempferol 3-O-[(6-O-E-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside-7-O-β-D-glucuropyranoside
    —— (2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-(3-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one —— C17H16O5
    (2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-(3-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— (6-{[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methyl stearate —— C40H56O13
    (6-{[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methyl stearate
    —— 3-O-(N,N-diethylamino)butyl-3',4'-dimethoxyflavonol —— C25H31NO5
    3-O-(N,N-diethylamino)butyl-3',4'-dimethoxyflavonol
    —— 3-(3-(diethylamino-1-yl)propoxy)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromene-4-one —— C27H35NO8
    3-(3-(diethylamino-1-yl)propoxy)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromene-4-one
    —— (+)-trans-2-(2-chloro-phenyl)-8-(2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-5,7-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one —— C23H24ClNO5
    (+)-trans-2-(2-chloro-phenyl)-8-(2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-5,7-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[8-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one —— C25H22O11
    3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[8-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— (+)-trans-2-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-(2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-chromen-4-one —— C21H18Cl2FNO5
    (+)-trans-2-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-(2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-chromen-4-one
    —— (+)-trans-2-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-(2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-chromen-4-one tartarate —— C4H6O6*C21H18Cl2FNO5
    (+)-trans-2-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-(2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-chromen-4-one tartarate
    —— 3,7-bis{[8-(diethylamino)octyl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C45H70N2O6
    3,7-bis{[8-(diethylamino)octyl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 3,7-bis[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C33H46N2O6
    3,7-bis[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 4,4'-{2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]diethoxy}bis(4-oxobutanoic acid) —— C33H36O14
    4,4'-{2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]diethoxy}bis(4-oxobutanoic acid)
    —— 4-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]butyric acid —— C25H26O8
    4-[(3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]butyric acid
    —— 2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]acetic acid —— C23H22O8
    2-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]acetic acid
    —— 4,4'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dibutyric acid —— C29H32O10
    4,4'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dibutyric acid
    —— 4-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]butyric acid —— C25H26O8
    4-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]butyric acid
    —— 4,4'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dicrotonic acid —— C29H28O10
    4,4'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dicrotonic acid
    —— 4,4'-{3,3'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dipropoxy}bis(4-oxobutanoic acid) —— C35H40O14
    4,4'-{3,3'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dipropoxy}bis(4-oxobutanoic acid)
    —— 4-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]crotonic acid —— C25H24O8
    4-[(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]crotonic acid
    —— 2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dipropionic acid —— C27H28O10
    2,2'-[(5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3,7-diyl)bis(oxy)]dipropionic acid