有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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5-氯-2-(三氯甲基)苯并咪唑 | 5-chloro-2-trichloromethyl-1H-benzoimidazole | 3584-66-5 | C8H4Cl4N2 |
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5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯酚 | 5-chloro-2-trifluoromethylphenol | 106877-35-4 | C7H4ClF3O |
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5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苄醇 | (5-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methanol | 261763-21-7 | C8H6ClF3O |
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5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶 | 5-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine | 40851-96-5 | C7H3ClF3N3 |
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5-氯-2-(3-甲基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-4-基)二苯甲酮 | 5-chloro-2-(3-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzophenone | 36916-19-5 | C16H12ClN3O |
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5-氯-2-(1H-四唑-1-基)苯甲酸 | 5-chloro-2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)benzoic acid | 449758-26-3 | C8H5ClN4O2 |
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5-氯-2,4-二羟基苯甲醛 | 2,4-dihydroxy-5-chlorobenzaldehyde | 131088-02-3 | C7H5ClO3 |
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5-氯-2,4-二磺酰胺基苯胺 | chloraminophenamide | 121-30-2 | C6H8ClN3O4S2 |
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5-氯-2,4-二甲氧基苯基异氰酸酯 | 5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl isocyanate | 55440-55-6 | C9H8ClNO3 |
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5-氯-2,4-二氟苯腈 | 5-chloro-2,4-difluorobenzonitrile | 146780-26-9 | C7H2ClF2N |
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5-氯-2,4-二氟苯胺 | 5-chloro-2,4-difluoroaniline | 348-65-2 | C6H4ClF2N |
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5-氯-2,4-二氟苯磺酰氯 | 5-chloro-2,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride | 13656-57-0 | C6H2Cl2F2O2S |
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5-氯-2,4-二氟苯硼酸 | 5-chloro-2,4-difluorophenylboronic acid | 911645-24-4 | C6H4BClF2O2 |
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5-氯-2,4-二氟苯硼酸 | 2-(5-chloro-2,4-difluorophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane | 1073354-65-0 | C12H14BClF2O2 |
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5-氯-2,4-二氟苯甲醛 | 5-chloro-2,4-difluorobenzaldehyde | 695187-29-2 | C7H3ClF2O |
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5-氯-2,4-二氟苯甲酸 | 5-chloro-2,4-difluorobenzoic acid | 130025-33-1 | C7H3ClF2O2 |
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5-氯-2,3-二甲氧基苯甲醛 | 5-chloro-2,3-dimethoxybenzaldehyde | 86232-28-2 | C9H9ClO3 |
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5-氯-2,3-二氢-2-氧代苯并恶唑-6-磺酰胺 | 5-Chlor-6-sulfanoylbenzoxazolon | 5791-18-4 | C7H5ClN2O4S |
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5-氯-2,3,6-三氟三氟甲苯 | 1-chloro-2,4,5-trifluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 122030-03-9 | C7HClF6 |
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5-氯-2,2-二氟-1,3-苯并二恶茂 | 5-chloro-2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxole | 72769-08-5 | C7H3ClF2O2 |
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5-氯-1H-吲唑-3-甲醛 | 5-chloro-1H-indazole-3-carbaldehyde | 102735-84-2 | C8H5ClN2O |
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5-氯-1H-吲唑-3-乙酸 | (5-Chloro-1H-indazol-3-yl)acetic acid | 27328-68-3 | C9H7ClN2O2 |
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5-氯-1H-吲唑 | 5-chloro-1H-indazole | 698-26-0 | C7H5ClN2 |
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5-氯-1H-吲哚-3-乙胺盐酸盐 | 5-chlorotryptamine hydrochloride | 55747-73-4 | C10H11ClN2*ClH |
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5-氯-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-甲酸 | 5-Chloro-2H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid | 21733-03-9 | C3H2ClN3O2 |
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5-氯-1-(4-氟苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲腈 | 5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile | 1050619-83-4 | C10H5ClFN3 |
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5-氯-1-苯基-1H-四唑 | 5-Chloro-1-phenyltetrazole | 14210-25-4 | C7H5ClN4 |
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5-氯-1-甲基咪唑 | N-methyl-5-chloroimidazole | 872-49-1 | C4H5ClN2 |
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5-氯-1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)吡唑-4-羰醛 | 5-chloro-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde | 128455-62-9 | C6H4ClF3N2O |
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5-氯-1-叔丁基-1H-吡唑-4-甲腈 | 1-tert-butyl-5-chloro-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile | 1050619-87-8 | C8H10ClN3 |
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5-氯-1-乙基-2-甲基咪唑 | 1-ethyl-2-methyl-5-chlorimidazole | 4897-22-7 | C6H9ClN2 |
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5-氯-1-(3-氟苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲腈 | 5-Chloro-1-(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile | 1269291-94-2 | C10H5ClFN3 |
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5-氯-1-(2-氟苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲腈 | 5-chloro-1-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile | 1269291-92-0 | C10H5ClFN3 |
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5-氯-1,3-二甲基-3-((苯磺酰基)甲基)吲哚啉-2-酮 | 5-chloro-1, 3-dimethyl-3-((phenylsulfonyl)methyl)indolin-2-one | 1588429-75-7 | C17H16ClNO3S |
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5-氯-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醛 | 5-chloro-4-formyl-1,3-dimethylpyrazole | 27006-76-4 | C6H7ClN2O |
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5-氯-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑 | 5-chloro-1,3-dimethyl-pyrazole | 54454-10-3 | C5H7ClN2 |
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5-氯-1,3-二氢-1-(4-哌啶基)-2H-苯并咪唑-2-酮 | 5-chloro-1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-one | 53786-28-0 | C12H14ClN3O |
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5-氯-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 5-chloro-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-carboxylate | 64837-49-6 | C5H5ClN2O2S |
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5-氯-1,2-二甲基苯并咪唑 | 1,2-Dimethyl-5-chlorbenzimidazol | 26960-04-3 | C9H9ClN2 |
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5-氯-1,2-二溴-3-氟苯 | 1,2-dibromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzene | 208186-78-1 | C6H2Br2ClF |
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5-氯- 1 -甲基- 1H-吡唑-4-羧酸 | 5-chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid | 54367-66-7 | C5H5ClN2O2 |
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5-氮鎓螺[4.4]壬烷溴化物 | 5-azonia-spiro[4,4]nonane bromide | 16450-38-7 | Br*C8H16N |
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5-氮杂螺[2.3]己盐酸 | 5-azaspiro[2.3]hexane hydrochloride | 1536169-63-7 | C5H9N*ClH |
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5-氮杂吲哚-3-甲醛 | 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-3-carbaldehyde | 933717-10-3 | C8H6N2O |
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5-氮杂吲哚-2-甲酸 | 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid | 800401-65-4 | C8H6N2O2 |
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5-氮杂吲哚 | 5-azaindole | 271-34-1 | C7H6N2 |
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5-氨甲基吡咯烷-2-酮盐酸盐 | 5-(aminomethyl)-2-pyrrolidinone hydrochloride | 115307-13-6 | C5H10N2O*ClH |
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5-氨甲基-2-氟苯腈 | 5-(aminomethyl)-2-fluorobenzonitrile | 368426-86-2 | C8H7FN2 |
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5-氨甲基-2-吡咯烷酮 | 5-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidin-2-one | 154148-69-3 | C5H10N2O |
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5-氨基间苯二甲酸 | 5-aminoisophthalic acid | 99-31-0 | C8H7NO4 |
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