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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— ethane-1,2-diylidynebis(l4-sulfanamine) 1092079-37-2 C2H4N2S2
ethane-1,2-diylidynebis(l4-sulfanamine)
—— 105145-76-4 C34H36N6NiO4S2
—— 2-((4R,5S,6S)-5-Butoxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylsulfanyl)-pyridine 153029-88-0 C17H27NO3S
2-((4R,5S,6S)-5-Butoxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylsulfanyl)-pyridine
—— S-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl) octanethioate 144206-94-0 C14H22N2OS
S-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl) octanethioate
—— 4,5-Dimethoxy-2-iodmethyl-diphenylsulfid 92553-83-8 C15H15IO2S
4,5-Dimethoxy-2-iodmethyl-diphenylsulfid
—— 97316-47-7 2C8H20N*C16H40Ni3S8
—— 2-thiocyanato-thiophene 22552-32-5 C5H3NS2
2-thiocyanato-thiophene
—— N-(4-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)-7-((4-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)imino)cyclohepta-1,3,5-trien-1-amine 670-68-8 C21H14F6N2S2
N-(4-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)-7-((4-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)imino)cyclohepta-1,3,5-trien-1-amine
—— sulfuryl fluoride (1-difluorosulfuranylideneamino-2,2,2-trifluoroethylidene)amide 30227-16-8 C2F6N2O2S2
sulfuryl fluoride (1-difluorosulfuranylideneamino-2,2,2-trifluoroethylidene)amide
—— silver(I) dimesylamide 30488-11-0 Ag*C2H6NO4S2
silver(I) dimesylamide
—— 3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)-5-[4-(difluoromethylthio)-2-fluorophenyl]tetrahydro-4H-1,3,5-oxadiazin-4-one 596847-66-4 C17H11F5N2O3S
3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)-5-[4-(difluoromethylthio)-2-fluorophenyl]tetrahydro-4H-1,3,5-oxadiazin-4-one
—— hydrazinecarbothioic acid O-propyl ester 66464-80-0 C4H10N2OS
hydrazinecarbothioic acid O-propyl ester
—— N-(3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)-7-((3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)imino)cyclohepta-1,3,5-trien-1-amine 2822-96-0 C21H14F6N2S2
N-(3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)-7-((3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)imino)cyclohepta-1,3,5-trien-1-amine
—— 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl thiocyanate 26650-09-9 C9H4F13NS
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl thiocyanate
—— toluene-3,4-dithiolatoarsenic(III) oxalate 1401732-88-4 C16H12As2O4S4
toluene-3,4-dithiolatoarsenic(III) oxalate
—— thiocyanatocyclohexane 4251-13-2 C7H11NS
thiocyanatocyclohexane
—— [Et4N][W(S-1-Ad)(S2C2Me2)2] 940347-80-8 C8H20N*C18H27S5W
[Et4N][W(S-1-Ad)(S2C2Me2)2]
—— 38235-19-7 C6H7ClN2O2S2
—— ethyl-dithioarsonous acid diethyl ester 37872-68-7 C6H15AsS2
ethyl-dithioarsonous acid diethyl ester
—— 163733-23-1 C18H24N2S2
—— arsenic(III) thiocyanate 861788-66-1 C3AsN3S3
arsenic(III) thiocyanate
—— 2-(5,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-thiazole-2-carboximidoylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid 19639-60-2 C10H14N2O3S2
2-(5,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-thiazole-2-carboximidoylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
—— 2-(2-fluorophenylthio)-5-(methylthio)nitrobenzene 129846-82-8 C13H10FNO2S2
2-(2-fluorophenylthio)-5-(methylthio)nitrobenzene
—— 6-amino-2-(2,3-difluorobenzylmercapto)-5-thiocyanatopyrimidin-4-one 676345-24-7 C12H8F2N4OS2
6-amino-2-(2,3-difluorobenzylmercapto)-5-thiocyanatopyrimidin-4-one
—— [1,5-bis(2-mercapto-2-methylpropane)-1,5-diazacyclooctanato]nickel(II) 152385-47-2 C14H28N2NiS2
[1,5-bis(2-mercapto-2-methylpropane)-1,5-diazacyclooctanato]nickel(II)
—— 2-<2-(2-phenyl-1,3-benzodithionyl)>pyrrole 132371-44-9 C17H13NS2
2-<2-(2-phenyl-1,3-benzodithionyl)>pyrrole
—— {bis(trifluoromethyl)-λ4-sulfanylidene amino} thiazyl 125230-43-5 C2F6N2S2
{bis(trifluoromethyl)-λ4-sulfanylidene amino} thiazyl
—— 6-(isopentyloxy)-5-thiocyanatopyrimidine-2,4-diamine 1266572-05-7 C10H15N5OS
6-(isopentyloxy)-5-thiocyanatopyrimidine-2,4-diamine
—— 4-methylsulfanyl-1-thiocyanatobenzene 5285-91-6 C8H7NS2
4-methylsulfanyl-1-thiocyanatobenzene
—— 1,3-phenyldithiocyanate 5285-93-8 C8H4N2S2
1,3-phenyldithiocyanate
—— barium thiocyanate 2092-17-3 Ba*2CNS
barium thiocyanate
—— 1403495-70-4 C13H9FO4S
—— Neopentyloxythiocarbonylhydrazin 802028-89-3 C6H14N2OS
Neopentyloxythiocarbonylhydrazin
—— 2-[(4R,5S,6S)-4-Methoxy-4,6-dimethyl-5-(4-methyl-pentyloxy)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylsulfanyl]-pyridine 153029-90-4 C19H31NO3S
2-[(4R,5S,6S)-4-Methoxy-4,6-dimethyl-5-(4-methyl-pentyloxy)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylsulfanyl]-pyridine
—— 50368-83-7 C9H13N3S2
—— 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-heptafluoropropyloxy-4-thiocyanatobutane 1225230-91-0 C8H4F11NOS
1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-heptafluoropropyloxy-4-thiocyanatobutane
—— S,S'-Diphenyl-dithiooxaldiimidat 34454-53-0 C14H12N2S2
S,S'-Diphenyl-dithiooxaldiimidat
—— 1-thienyl-3-(phenylsulfanyl)propargyl alcohol 1062602-35-0 C13H10OS2
1-thienyl-3-(phenylsulfanyl)propargyl alcohol
—— N'-Allyl-N,N-bis-(2-cyanethyl)-thioharnstoff 30381-10-3 C10H14N4S
N'-Allyl-N,N-bis-(2-cyanethyl)-thioharnstoff
—— bis-(diethylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl-methyl)-ether 30887-96-8 C12H24N2OS4
bis-(diethylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl-methyl)-ether
—— 1,4-dithiocyanatobenzene 25733-03-3 C8H4N2S2
1,4-dithiocyanatobenzene
—— 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-8-thiocyanatooctane 1010116-45-6 C11H11F10NS
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-8-thiocyanatooctane
—— bis-(2-chloromethyl-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-sulfane 93947-15-0 C18H20Cl2O4S
bis-(2-chloromethyl-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-sulfane
—— 1-Ethylamino-7-ethylimino-4-(4-nitro-phenylmercapto)-cyclohepta-1.3.5-trien 98342-69-9 C17H19N3O2S
1-Ethylamino-7-ethylimino-4-(4-nitro-phenylmercapto)-cyclohepta-1.3.5-trien
—— dichloro(2,2-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl methyl sulphide)palladium(II) 73061-68-4 C7H14Cl2PdS
dichloro(2,2-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl methyl sulphide)palladium(II)
—— 5,5'-bis-chloromethyl-[2,2']bi[benzo[b]thiophenylidene]-3,3'-dione 29822-44-4 C18H10Cl2O2S2
5,5'-bis-chloromethyl-[2,2']bi[benzo[b]thiophenylidene]-3,3'-dione
—— N'-Methyl-N,N-bis-(2-cyanethyl)-thioharnstoff 30381-09-0 C8H12N4S
N'-Methyl-N,N-bis-(2-cyanethyl)-thioharnstoff
—— chlorothiocarbonic acid <i>S</i>-(3-chloro-propyl ester) 64459-31-0 C4H6Cl2OS
chlorothiocarbonic acid <i>S</i>-(3-chloro-propyl ester)
—— 6-ethoxy-5-thiocyanatopyrimidine-2,4-diamine 1266572-03-5 C7H9N5OS
6-ethoxy-5-thiocyanatopyrimidine-2,4-diamine
—— tris-(2-chloro-ethyl)-sulfonium ; methanesulfonate 118767-63-8 CH3O3S*C6H12Cl3S
tris-(2-chloro-ethyl)-sulfonium ; methanesulfonate