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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 1,3-dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-propane-2-thiol 815-25-8 C3H2Cl2F4S
1,3-dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-propane-2-thiol
—— 2,6-Bis(2-aminothiophenoxymethyl)pyridine 156695-47-5 C19H19N3S2
2,6-Bis(2-aminothiophenoxymethyl)pyridine
—— [Pd(S2CNMe2)(μ-P(o-tolyl)2C6H4CH2)(μ-O2CCH3)Hg(O2CCH3)] 263412-90-4 C28H32HgNO4PPdS2
[Pd(S2CNMe2)(μ-P(o-tolyl)2C6H4CH2)(μ-O2CCH3)Hg(O2CCH3)]
—— bis(diethyldithiocarbamato)nitridorhenium(V) 36472-83-0 C10H20N3ReS4
bis(diethyldithiocarbamato)nitridorhenium(V)
—— 3-oxo-2-(2-(phenylthio)phenyl)butyronitrile 127876-64-6 C16H13NOS
3-oxo-2-(2-(phenylthio)phenyl)butyronitrile
—— bis(diethyldithiocarbamato)manganese(II) 57683-09-7 2C5H10NS2*Mn
bis(diethyldithiocarbamato)manganese(II)
—— Diethyl-(4-{1-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-ethyl}-[1,3]dithiolan-2-ylidene)-ammonium; bromide 84402-02-8 Br*C9H17N2OS2
Diethyl-(4-{1-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-ethyl}-[1,3]dithiolan-2-ylidene)-ammonium; bromide
—— N<sup>1</sup>,N<sup>1</sup>,N<sup>7</sup>,N<sup>7</sup>-tetramethyl-2,6-dithiaheptane-1,7-diamine 1369273-05-1 C9H22N2S2
N<sup>1</sup>,N<sup>1</sup>,N<sup>7</sup>,N<sup>7</sup>-tetramethyl-2,6-dithiaheptane-1,7-diamine
—— Thiocyanic acid, zinc salt, dihydrate 21058-17-3 2CNS*2H2O*Zn
Thiocyanic acid, zinc salt, dihydrate
—— diethyl-thiocarbamic acid <i>S</i>-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester) 89855-24-3 C7H15NOS2
diethyl-thiocarbamic acid <i>S</i>-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester)
—— Thiocyanic acid, mercury salt 592-85-8 2CNS*Hg*HgS
Thiocyanic acid, mercury salt
—— N-Butyl-2-oxo-propionimidoyl isothiocyanate 57182-29-3 C8H12N2OS
N-Butyl-2-oxo-propionimidoyl isothiocyanate
—— 1,12-bis-methanesulfonyl-dodecane-2,11-dione 41497-49-8 C14H26O6S2
1,12-bis-methanesulfonyl-dodecane-2,11-dione
—— Dimethylschwefel-(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imid 32461-73-7 C3H6F3NO2S2
Dimethylschwefel-(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imid
—— neon-OCS van der Waals complex 161297-33-2 COS*Ne
neon-OCS van der Waals complex
—— dipropyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(3-chloro-but-2t-enyl ester) 108996-76-5 C11H20ClNOS
dipropyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(3-chloro-but-2t-enyl ester)
—— dipropyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(3c-bromo-allyl ester) 118871-36-6 C10H18BrNOS
dipropyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(3c-bromo-allyl ester)
—— ethyl-methallyl-thiocarbamic acid S-but-2t-enyl ester 100400-37-1 C11H19NOS
ethyl-methallyl-thiocarbamic acid S-but-2t-enyl ester
—— Hydrazin-N,N'-bis-monothiocarbonsaeure 73215-18-6 C2H4N2O2S2
Hydrazin-N,N'-bis-monothiocarbonsaeure
—— 27119-53-5 C13H26N3NbO2S5
—— magnesium,but-1-ene,bromide 6088-87-5 C4H7BrMg
magnesium,but-1-ene,bromide
—— dimethylbis(N,N-diethyldithiocarbamato)tellurium(IV) 72546-48-6 C12H26N2S4Te
dimethylbis(N,N-diethyldithiocarbamato)tellurium(IV)
—— allyl-butyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester) 91016-57-8 C10H19NOS2
allyl-butyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester)
—— 2-[5-tert-Butyl-2-(4-tert-butyl-phenylsulfanyl)-phenyl]-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-propan-2-ol 52908-56-2 C23H26F6OS
2-[5-tert-Butyl-2-(4-tert-butyl-phenylsulfanyl)-phenyl]-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-propan-2-ol
—— N-Isopropyl-2-oxo-propionimidoyl isothiocyanate 57182-28-2 C7H10N2OS
N-Isopropyl-2-oxo-propionimidoyl isothiocyanate
—— ethyl-butyl-thiocarbamic acid S-methoxymethyl ester 93883-43-3 C9H19NO2S
ethyl-butyl-thiocarbamic acid S-methoxymethyl ester
—— 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-bis-trifluoromethyl-ethylsulfanyl)-propene 51102-95-5 C7H5F9S
3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-bis-trifluoromethyl-ethylsulfanyl)-propene
—— cis-bis(thioformato)(tris(2-(dimethylphosphino)ethyl)phosphine)iron(II) 318503-36-5 C14H32FeO2P4S2
cis-bis(thioformato)(tris(2-(dimethylphosphino)ethyl)phosphine)iron(II)
—— 3-benzyl-5-methyl-2-(4-methylthiophenyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-4(5H)-one 1187396-89-9 C18H19NOS2
3-benzyl-5-methyl-2-(4-methylthiophenyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-4(5H)-one
—— 99791-53-4 C15H17N3PdS2
—— Diethyl-dithiocarbamic acid [1,3,2]dithiarsolan-2-yl ester 118767-57-0 C7H14AsNS4
Diethyl-dithiocarbamic acid [1,3,2]dithiarsolan-2-yl ester
—— (2-chloro-allyl)-propyl-thiocarbamic acid S-but-2t-enyl ester 104178-15-6 C11H18ClNOS
(2-chloro-allyl)-propyl-thiocarbamic acid S-but-2t-enyl ester
—— 201610-65-3 C14H22N2PdS2
—— (1-(phenylthio)cyclopropyl)lithium 41596-88-7 C9H9LiS
(1-(phenylthio)cyclopropyl)lithium
—— 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,5,5,5-Decafluoro-4-thiocyanato-4-trifluoromethyl-pentane 125510-68-1 C7F13NS
1,1,1,2,2,3,3,5,5,5-Decafluoro-4-thiocyanato-4-trifluoromethyl-pentane
—— butyl-methyl-thiocarbamic acid <i>S</i>-methoxymethyl ester 93048-06-7 C8H17NO2S
butyl-methyl-thiocarbamic acid <i>S</i>-methoxymethyl ester
—— chloro(2-thiocyanatoethenyl)mercury 76384-79-7 C3H2ClHgNS
chloro(2-thiocyanatoethenyl)mercury
—— ethyl-allyl-thiocarbamic acid S-methoxymethyl ester 92442-08-5 C8H15NO2S
ethyl-allyl-thiocarbamic acid S-methoxymethyl ester
—— methallyl-propyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester) 91016-62-5 C10H19NOS2
methallyl-propyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester)
—— 1-{4-(2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5-[(pyridin-2-yl)thio]thiophen-2-yl}-N-methylmethanamine 1138034-73-7 C16H14FN3S2
1-{4-(2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5-[(pyridin-2-yl)thio]thiophen-2-yl}-N-methylmethanamine
—— allyl-propyl-thiocarbamic acid <i>S</i>-allyl ester 102653-00-9 C10H17NOS
allyl-propyl-thiocarbamic acid <i>S</i>-allyl ester
—— 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-Octafluoro-5-thiocyanato-5-trifluoromethyl-cyclopentane 125510-69-2 C7F11NS
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-Octafluoro-5-thiocyanato-5-trifluoromethyl-cyclopentane
—— diallyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester) 90608-37-0 C9H15NOS2
diallyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester)
—— mercury(II) thiocyanate 592-85-8 C2HgN2S2
mercury(II) thiocyanate
—— dibutyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester) 91249-54-6 C11H23NOS2
dibutyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester)
—— (1-allylimidazole)Hg(SCN)2 93293-64-2 C8H8HgN4S2
(1-allylimidazole)Hg(SCN)2
—— 38196-00-8 C26H26F12O2S
—— <(chlorodifluoromethyl)thio>-4-methylbenzene 94169-13-8 C8H7ClF2S
<(chlorodifluoromethyl)thio>-4-methylbenzene
—— 4-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-1,3-dioxolan-2-one 1162119-44-9 C10H10O3S
4-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
—— allyl-isopropyl-thiocarbamic acid <i>S</i>-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester) 92187-41-2 C9H17NOS2
allyl-isopropyl-thiocarbamic acid <i>S</i>-(methylsulfanyl-methyl ester)