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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工

    生物化工

    生物化工是21世纪的重要支柱产业之一，它结合了生物、化学和工程学的交叉学科知识，涵盖了生物化学工程与生物加工工程，同时也是生物技术的一个分支，并且被认为是化学工程前沿领域的一部分。其核心功能在于将生物技术转化为生产力，实现产业化和商品化。

    生物化工产品主要以动物、植物及微生物为原料，通过生物化学工程、物理或化学的方法进行加工而成。这类产品广泛应用于医药、食品、饲料、基础有机化工原料、有机酸以及生物农药等多个领域。

    该学科起源于第二次世界大战时期，标志性的事件是抗生素的深层发酵与大规模生产技术的研究。20世纪60年代末至80年代中期，转基因技术、生物催化与转化技术、动植物细胞培养技术、新型生物反应器和分离技术等的成功开发与研究，推动了学科进入新的发展阶段，并逐步完善了学科体系。进入20世纪后期，在以基因工程为代表的高新技术迅速崛起的背景下，生物化工迎来了更加广阔的发展空间。

    目前，生物化工产品广泛涉及医药卫生、农林牧渔、轻工食品、化工能源及环境保护等众多领域。它不仅促进了传统产业的升级和新兴产业的诞生，而且对人类社会产生了深远的影响。据数据显示，截至2011年，全球生物高技术产品的销售额已达到1129.3亿美元，并展现出巨大的经济潜力。

    随着人们对环保要求日益提高，生物化工产品因其绿色环保特性而受到广泛关注。因此，各国政府和科研人员对该领域表现出浓厚兴趣，生物化工已成为当今世界高科技竞争的重要热点之一。其发展水平被视为衡量一个国家科技实力的标志，尤其是随着生命科学领域的迅速进步，人类对更多生物高技术产品的需求日益增加。预计在未来十年内，美欧等发达国家的生物高技术产业将增长10至20倍，并相应地带动生物化工产品的快速提升。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 55910-10-6 C13H10F17KNO4S
    —— Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt hydrate from microbial source, min. 99% (HPLC) 34369-07-8 C10H14N5Na2O14P3-2
    Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt hydrate from microbial source, min. 99% (HPLC)
    —— Thymidine-5'-triphosphate, sodium(1:X) 18423-43-3 C10H17N2Na3O14P3
    Thymidine-5'-triphosphate, sodium(1:X)
    —— Fmoc-cis-4-aminocyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 147900-45-6 C22H23NO4
    Fmoc-cis-4-aminocyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid
    —— Mordant Yellow 10 6054-99-5 C13H8N2Na2O6S
    Mordant Yellow 10
    —— Mesatlantin C 84692-91-1 C15H18O3
    Mesatlantin C
    —— 6-(1,2-Dihydroxyethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one 3063-04-5 C7H12O7
    6-(1,2-Dihydroxyethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one
    —— D-Talose, 2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy- 134-61-2 C8H15NO6
    D-Talose, 2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-
    —— Fmoc-trans-4-aminocyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 147900-46-7 C22H23NO4
    Fmoc-trans-4-aminocyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid
    —— D-Ribose, 5-O-[(1,1-dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]-2,3-O-(1-methylethylidene)- 141607-35-4 C24H32O5Si
    D-Ribose, 5-O-[(1,1-dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]-2,3-O-(1-methylethylidene)-
    —— benzyl hepta-O-acetyl-α,β-cellobioside 57764-18-8 C33H42O18
    benzyl hepta-O-acetyl-α,β-cellobioside
    —— D-saccharic acid 1:4,3:6-dilactone*2,5-diacetate 642-83-1 C10H10O8
    D-saccharic acid 1:4,3:6-dilactone*2,5-diacetate
    —— (4Z,7z,10z,13e,15e,17r,19z)-17-hydroxy-4,7,10,13,15,19-docosahexaenoic acid 90780-50-0 C22H32O3
    (4Z,7z,10z,13e,15e,17r,19z)-17-hydroxy-4,7,10,13,15,19-docosahexaenoic acid
    —— sunset yellow FCF 2783-94-0 C16H10N2O7S2*2Na
    sunset yellow FCF
    —— H-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-NHBu.HBr 26124-78-7 C124H252BrN41O20
    H-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-NHBu.HBr
    —— (1R,5S,8S,10S)-9,10,15,18-tetrahydroxy-12,12-dimethyl-6-methylidene-17-oxapentacyclo[7.6.2.15,8.01,11.02,8]octadecan-7-one 18288-82-9 C20H28O6
    (1R,5S,8S,10S)-9,10,15,18-tetrahydroxy-12,12-dimethyl-6-methylidene-17-oxapentacyclo[7.6.2.15,8.01,11.02,8]octadecan-7-one
    —— tenofovir alafenamide fumarate 379270-38-9 0C4H4O4*C21H29N6O5P
    tenofovir alafenamide fumarate
    —— D-Pemetrexed Dimethyl Diester 155405-81-5 C22H25N5O6
    D-Pemetrexed Dimethyl Diester
    —— BIX02565 1311367-27-7 C26H30N6O2
    BIX02565
    —— ethyl 2-(7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetate 1206124-13-1 C15H17NO3
    ethyl 2-(7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetate
    —— di((Z)-non-2-en-1-yl) 9-((4-(dimethylamino)butanoyl)oxy)heptadecanedioate 1351586-50-9 C41H75NO6
    di((Z)-non-2-en-1-yl) 9-((4-(dimethylamino)butanoyl)oxy)heptadecanedioate
    —— anhydrotetracycline hydrochloride 4465-65-0 C22H22N2O7*2ClH
    anhydrotetracycline hydrochloride
    —— disodium;[(1R,2R,3S,4R)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-(6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)cyclopentyl]methyl phosphate;hydrate 352195-40-5 C11H15N4Na2O8P
    disodium;[(1R,2R,3S,4R)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-(6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)cyclopentyl]methyl phosphate;hydrate
    —— D-Glucopyranose hydrate (1:1) 14431-43-7 2C6H12O6*H2O*ClNa
    D-Glucopyranose hydrate (1:1)
    —— N-(N-(9-fluorenyl)methoxycarbonyl)-3-methyl-proline 1228307-80-9 C21H21NO4
    N-(N-(9-fluorenyl)methoxycarbonyl)-3-methyl-proline
    —— (4E)-4-[[3-[(3-methylphenyl)methoxy]phenyl]methylidene]-1-phenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione 429653-73-6 C24H20N2O3
    (4E)-4-[[3-[(3-methylphenyl)methoxy]phenyl]methylidene]-1-phenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione
    —— H-Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2.2CH3CO2H.4H2O 78308-49-3 C59H91N17O21
    H-Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2.2CH3CO2H.4H2O
    —— (6R oder S)-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-Lbioterin-dihydrochlorid 69056-38-8 C9H15N5O3*2ClH
    (6R oder S)-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-Lbioterin-dihydrochlorid
    —— Methyl 2-O-acetyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-glucopyranoside 2774-23-4 C16H20O7
    Methyl 2-O-acetyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 13085-50-2 C9H14N3NaO7P
    —— ammonium-2-keto-3-deoxy-D-lyxooctulosonate 20595-77-1 C8H14O8*H3N
    ammonium-2-keto-3-deoxy-D-lyxooctulosonate
    —— (2R)-2-amino-2,4,4-trideuteriopentanedioic acid 96927-56-9 C5H9NO4
    (2R)-2-amino-2,4,4-trideuteriopentanedioic acid
    —— β-cyclomannin 7585-39-9 C42H70O35
    β-cyclomannin
    —— β-cyclomannin 7585-39-9 C42H70O35
    β-cyclomannin
    —— (+)-Pinoresinol 60485-34-9 C32H42O16
    (+)-Pinoresinol
    —— ethyl 2-(7-(4-cyclopentyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetate 1206124-34-6 C28H30F3NO3
    ethyl 2-(7-(4-cyclopentyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetate
    —— Calcium diaspartate 39162-75-9 C8H14CaN2O8
    Calcium diaspartate
    —— Maleic acid, mono(2,2-dimethylhydrazide) 2573-06-0 C6H10N2O3
    Maleic acid, mono(2,2-dimethylhydrazide)
    —— 12-sulfodehydroabietic acid disodium salt 86408-71-1 C20H26O5S*2Na
    12-sulfodehydroabietic acid disodium salt
    —— 2-oxo-2-[[(3R,7S,10S,12S,13R,17R)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-pentan-2-yl]-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]amino]acetic acid 475-31-0 C26H43NO6
    2-oxo-2-[[(3R,7S,10S,12S,13R,17R)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-pentan-2-yl]-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]amino]acetic acid
    —— Bio-32546 1548743-66-3 C28H31F6NO3
    Bio-32546
    —— 2',4',5',7'-tetraiodofluorescein disodium salt 16423-68-0 C20H6I4O5*2Na
    2',4',5',7'-tetraiodofluorescein disodium salt
    —— 5996-22-5 C10H18CaN2O8
    —— sulfosuccinimidyl-6-(biotin-amido)hexanoate 127062-22-0 C20H30N4O9S2
    sulfosuccinimidyl-6-(biotin-amido)hexanoate
    —— (2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) 4-[[3-[5-[[(2S)-1-[[(1S,2R,3S,5S,6S,16E,18E,20R,21S)-11-chloro-21-hydroxy-12,20-dimethoxy-2,5,9,16-tetramethyl-8,23-dioxo-4,24-dioxa-9,22-diazatetracyclo[19.3.1.110,14.03,5]hexacosa-10,12,14(26),16,18-pentaen-6-yl]oxy]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-methylamino]-2-methyl-5-oxopentan-2-yl]sulfanyl-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl]cyclohexane-1-carboxylate 1228105-52-9 C54H72ClN5O16S
    (2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) 4-[[3-[5-[[(2S)-1-[[(1S,2R,3S,5S,6S,16E,18E,20R,21S)-11-chloro-21-hydroxy-12,20-dimethoxy-2,5,9,16-tetramethyl-8,23-dioxo-4,24-dioxa-9,22-diazatetracyclo[19.3.1.110,14.03,5]hexacosa-10,12,14(26),16,18-pentaen-6-yl]oxy]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-methylamino]-2-methyl-5-oxopentan-2-yl]sulfanyl-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl]cyclohexane-1-carboxylate
    —— α-methyl-DL-histidine dihydrochloride 20500-12-3 C7H11N3O2*2ClH
    α-methyl-DL-histidine dihydrochloride
    —— androstenone hydrazone 63015-10-1 C19H30N2O
    androstenone hydrazone
    —— MRT68921 (dihydrochloride) 2080306-21-2 C25H36Cl2N6O
    MRT68921 (dihydrochloride)
    —— nepehinol acetate 1617-68-1 C32H52O2
    nepehinol acetate
    —— (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(6R,8R,10R,12S,14S)-3,12-dihydroxy-17-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 63223-86-9 C36H62O9
    (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(6R,8R,10R,12S,14S)-3,12-dihydroxy-17-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol