摩熵化学
数据库官网
小程序
打开微信扫一扫
首页 分子通 化学资讯 化学百科 反应查询 关于我们
请输入关键词

生物化工

生物化工是21世纪的重要支柱产业之一,它结合了生物、化学和工程学的交叉学科知识,涵盖了生物化学工程与生物加工工程,同时也是生物技术的一个分支,并且被认为是化学工程前沿领域的一部分。其核心功能在于将生物技术转化为生产力,实现产业化和商品化。

生物化工产品主要以动物、植物及微生物为原料,通过生物化学工程、物理或化学的方法进行加工而成。这类产品广泛应用于医药、食品、饲料、基础有机化工原料、有机酸以及生物农药等多个领域。

该学科起源于第二次世界大战时期,标志性的事件是抗生素的深层发酵与大规模生产技术的研究。20世纪60年代末至80年代中期,转基因技术、生物催化与转化技术、动植物细胞培养技术、新型生物反应器和分离技术等的成功开发与研究,推动了学科进入新的发展阶段,并逐步完善了学科体系。进入20世纪后期,在以基因工程为代表的高新技术迅速崛起的背景下,生物化工迎来了更加广阔的发展空间。

目前,生物化工产品广泛涉及医药卫生、农林牧渔、轻工食品、化工能源及环境保护等众多领域。它不仅促进了传统产业的升级和新兴产业的诞生,而且对人类社会产生了深远的影响。据数据显示,截至2011年,全球生物高技术产品的销售额已达到1129.3亿美元,并展现出巨大的经济潜力。

随着人们对环保要求日益提高,生物化工产品因其绿色环保特性而受到广泛关注。因此,各国政府和科研人员对该领域表现出浓厚兴趣,生物化工已成为当今世界高科技竞争的重要热点之一。其发展水平被视为衡量一个国家科技实力的标志,尤其是随着生命科学领域的迅速进步,人类对更多生物高技术产品的需求日益增加。预计在未来十年内,美欧等发达国家的生物高技术产业将增长10至20倍,并相应地带动生物化工产品的快速提升。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 2-{2-[2-(2-Amino-acetylamino)-acetylamino]-3-phenyl-propionylamino}-4-methylsulfanyl-butyric acid 61370-88-5 C18H26N4O5S
2-{2-[2-(2-Amino-acetylamino)-acetylamino]-3-phenyl-propionylamino}-4-methylsulfanyl-butyric acid
—— 2'-O-Methylguanosin 2140-71-8 C11H15N5O5
2'-O-Methylguanosin
—— 2N,N-Dimethylaminomethylenguanosin 17331-16-7 C13H18N6O5
2N,N-Dimethylaminomethylenguanosin
—— δ-Glutamyl-p-nitroanilid 24032-35-7 C11H13N3O5
δ-Glutamyl-p-nitroanilid
—— L-prolyl-L-leucylglycylglycine 75188-89-5 C15H26N4O5
L-prolyl-L-leucylglycylglycine
—— <i>N</i>-L-leucyl-L-aspartic acid 32949-40-9 C10H18N2O5
<i>N</i>-L-leucyl-L-aspartic acid
—— 6-hydroxytropinone 5932-53-6 C8H13NO2
6-hydroxytropinone
—— nonyl thioglucopyranoside 98854-15-0 C15H30O5S
nonyl thioglucopyranoside
—— MK2206 dihydrochloride 1032350-13-2 C25H21N5O*2ClH
MK2206 dihydrochloride
—— (R)-3-amino-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)butanoic acid 269396-58-9 C10H11F2NO2
(R)-3-amino-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)butanoic acid
—— (2R)-2-amino-3-[(3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanecarboxylic acid 269726-73-0 C11H12F3NO2
(2R)-2-amino-3-[(3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanecarboxylic acid
—— (R)-3-amino-4-(3-methylbenzenyl)-butanoic acid 269398-82-5 C11H15NO2
(R)-3-amino-4-(3-methylbenzenyl)-butanoic acid
—— (R)-2-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1-carboxylic acid 204317-98-6 C25H21NO4
(R)-2-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1-carboxylic acid
—— deoxyadenine 5'-monophosphate 653-63-4 C10H14N5O6P*2Na
deoxyadenine 5'-monophosphate
—— Nutlin-3 548472-68-0 C30H30Cl2N4O4
Nutlin-3
—— 4-Methylumbelliferon-β-D-xylosid 77471-44-4 C15H16O7
4-Methylumbelliferon-β-D-xylosid
—— (-)-scopolamine hydrochloride 55-16-3 C17H21NO4*ClH
(-)-scopolamine hydrochloride
—— 4,4-Dimethyl-3,5,9,11-tetraoxatricyclo[6.2.1.02,6]undecan-7-ol 52579-97-2 C9H14O5
4,4-Dimethyl-3,5,9,11-tetraoxatricyclo[6.2.1.02,6]undecan-7-ol
—— Caradrin 466-06-8 C30H42O8
Caradrin
—— (+)-benzyloxycarbonyl-alpha-phosphonoglycine trimethyl ester 88568-95-0 C13H18NO7P
(+)-benzyloxycarbonyl-alpha-phosphonoglycine trimethyl ester
—— Alvonal MR 508-77-0 C30H44O9
Alvonal MR
—— [5-(2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)-2,2-dimethyl-3a,5,6,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-6-yl] methanesulfonate 5450-26-0 C13H22O8S
[5-(2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)-2,2-dimethyl-3a,5,6,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-6-yl] methanesulfonate
—— Cellulose triacetate 9012-09-3 C40H54O27
Cellulose triacetate
—— menthyl salicylate 89-46-3 C17H24O3
menthyl salicylate
—— MeOSuc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val p-nitroanilide 70967-90-7 C27H38N6O9
MeOSuc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val p-nitroanilide
—— 3-Benzhydrylsulfanyl-2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-propionic acid 21947-97-7 C21H25NO4S
3-Benzhydrylsulfanyl-2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-propionic acid
—— Arginylproline 2418-69-1 C11H21N5O3
Arginylproline
—— Scytonemin 152075-98-4 C36H20N2O4
Scytonemin
—— L-Ileu-Asp(NH2)-OH 59652-59-4 C10H19N3O4
L-Ileu-Asp(NH2)-OH
—— 2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-3-[4-(2,6-dichloro-benzyloxy)-phenyl]-propionic acid 40298-71-3 C21H23Cl2NO5
2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-3-[4-(2,6-dichloro-benzyloxy)-phenyl]-propionic acid
—— Brcdr 1022-79-3 C9H12BrN3O4
Brcdr
—— (2Z)-3-amino-3-[(4-aminophenyl)sulfanyl]-2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]prop-2-enenitrile 305350-87-2 C16H12F3N3S
(2Z)-3-amino-3-[(4-aminophenyl)sulfanyl]-2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]prop-2-enenitrile
—— Rhodojaponin III 26342-66-5 C20H32O6
Rhodojaponin III
—— gambogic acid 2752-65-0 C38H44O8
gambogic acid
—— 9-{5-o-[(4-Methylphenyl)sulfonyl]pentofuranosyl}-9h-purin-6-amine 55197-13-2 C17H19N5O6S
9-{5-o-[(4-Methylphenyl)sulfonyl]pentofuranosyl}-9h-purin-6-amine
—— (3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)chromane-3,5,7-triol 490-46-0 C15H14O6
(3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)chromane-3,5,7-triol
—— 1-[3,4-Dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-5-iodo-pyrimidine-2,4-dione 1024-99-3 C9H11IN2O6
1-[3,4-Dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-5-iodo-pyrimidine-2,4-dione
—— Z-Gly-Gly-Val-OH 34152-86-8 C17H23N3O6
Z-Gly-Gly-Val-OH
—— 4,6-O-Ethylidene-D-glucopyranose 13224-99-2 C8H14O6
4,6-O-Ethylidene-D-glucopyranose
—— disodium N-carboxylglycinate 35783-03-0 C3H3NO4*2Na
disodium N-carboxylglycinate
—— 9H-Purine,8-diamino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl- 3868-33-5 C10H14N6O4
9H-Purine,8-diamino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-
—— N-(2-{[(Benzyloxy)(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-4-carboxy-1-hydroxybutylidene)tyrosine 988-75-0 C22H24N2O8
N-(2-{[(Benzyloxy)(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-4-carboxy-1-hydroxybutylidene)tyrosine
—— 2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-nitrophenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol 7493-95-0 C12H15NO8
2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-nitrophenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol
—— (3b<i>S</i>)-10b-methyl-(3b<i>r</i>,10a<i>c</i>,10b<i>t</i>)-Δ<sup>2,3a(12a)</sup>-decahydro-5a<i>t</i>,8<i>t</i>-methano-cyclohepta[5,6]naphtho[2,1-<i>b</i>]furan-7-one 108664-98-8 C19H24O2
(3b<i>S</i>)-10b-methyl-(3b<i>r</i>,10a<i>c</i>,10b<i>t</i>)-Δ<sup>2,3a(12a)</sup>-decahydro-5a<i>t</i>,8<i>t</i>-methano-cyclohepta[5,6]naphtho[2,1-<i>b</i>]furan-7-one
—— 16-Oxocafestol 108664-98-8 C19H24O2
16-Oxocafestol
—— [3,4-Bis(phenylmethoxy)-5-(phenylmethoxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl] 4-nitrobenzoate 81025-70-9 C33H31NO8
[3,4-Bis(phenylmethoxy)-5-(phenylmethoxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl] 4-nitrobenzoate
—— Cysteyl-Glycin 19246-18-5 C5H10N2O3S
Cysteyl-Glycin
—— Rhodionin 85571-15-9 C21H20O11
Rhodionin
—— 3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-D-glucose 132732-60-6 C27H30O5
3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-D-glucose
—— 3,4,5-Tris(phenylmethoxy)oxan-2-ol 18039-26-4 C26H28O5
3,4,5-Tris(phenylmethoxy)oxan-2-ol