摩熵化学
数据库官网
小程序
打开微信扫一扫
首页 分子通 化学资讯 化学百科 反应查询 关于我们
请输入关键词
历史搜索
    热门化合物HOT
    • 喹啉
    • 水杨醛
    • 二溴甲烷
    • 谷胱甘肽
    • L-乳酸
    • 苯巴比妥
    • 辣椒碱
    • 非那明
    • 百草枯
    • 联苯烯
    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工

    生物化工

    生物化工是21世纪的重要支柱产业之一，它结合了生物、化学和工程学的交叉学科知识，涵盖了生物化学工程与生物加工工程，同时也是生物技术的一个分支，并且被认为是化学工程前沿领域的一部分。其核心功能在于将生物技术转化为生产力，实现产业化和商品化。

    生物化工产品主要以动物、植物及微生物为原料，通过生物化学工程、物理或化学的方法进行加工而成。这类产品广泛应用于医药、食品、饲料、基础有机化工原料、有机酸以及生物农药等多个领域。

    该学科起源于第二次世界大战时期，标志性的事件是抗生素的深层发酵与大规模生产技术的研究。20世纪60年代末至80年代中期，转基因技术、生物催化与转化技术、动植物细胞培养技术、新型生物反应器和分离技术等的成功开发与研究，推动了学科进入新的发展阶段，并逐步完善了学科体系。进入20世纪后期，在以基因工程为代表的高新技术迅速崛起的背景下，生物化工迎来了更加广阔的发展空间。

    目前，生物化工产品广泛涉及医药卫生、农林牧渔、轻工食品、化工能源及环境保护等众多领域。它不仅促进了传统产业的升级和新兴产业的诞生，而且对人类社会产生了深远的影响。据数据显示，截至2011年，全球生物高技术产品的销售额已达到1129.3亿美元，并展现出巨大的经济潜力。

    随着人们对环保要求日益提高，生物化工产品因其绿色环保特性而受到广泛关注。因此，各国政府和科研人员对该领域表现出浓厚兴趣，生物化工已成为当今世界高科技竞争的重要热点之一。其发展水平被视为衡量一个国家科技实力的标志，尤其是随着生命科学领域的迅速进步，人类对更多生物高技术产品的需求日益增加。预计在未来十年内，美欧等发达国家的生物高技术产业将增长10至20倍，并相应地带动生物化工产品的快速提升。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— chitinase 9001-06-3 —— ——
    —— beta-lactamase 9073-60-3 —— ——
    —— pancreatic ribonuclease 9001-99-4 —— ——
    —— beta-galactosidase 9031-11-2 —— ——
    —— lactase 9031-11-2 —— ——
    —— nitric-oxide synthase (NADPH) 125978-95-2 —— ——
    —— catechol oxidase 9002-10-2 —— ——
    —— acid phosphatase 9001-77-8 —— ——
    —— carboxypeptidase A 9031-98-5 —— ——
    —— N-acyl-aliphatic-L-amino acid amidohydrolase 9012-37-7 —— ——
    —— adenosine deaminase 9026-93-1 —— ——
    —— Methyl5-Aminopyridine-2-Carboxylate 144110-43-0 C14H12BrClNO7-
    Methyl5-Aminopyridine-2-Carboxylate
    —— 2-({[(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy](hydroxy)methylidene}amino)-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)propanoate 112883-43-9 C28H22NO4-
    2-({[(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy](hydroxy)methylidene}amino)-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)propanoate
    —— (2S)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-3-thiophen-3-yl-propanoate 186320-06-9 C22H18NO4S-
    (2S)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-3-thiophen-3-yl-propanoate
    —— (3S)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-{[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino}propanoic acid 507472-15-3 C14H18ClNO4
    (3S)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-{[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino}propanoic acid
    —— 5-Imino-5-oxido-N-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxyethylidene)norvaline 2419-34-3 C7H8F3N2O4-
    5-Imino-5-oxido-N-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxyethylidene)norvaline
    —— 2-({[(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy](hydroxy)methylidene}amino)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)propanoate 142994-45-4 C23H19N2O4-
    2-({[(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy](hydroxy)methylidene}amino)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)propanoate
    —— 1,3-Piperidinedicarboxylic acid, 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester, (3S)- 88495-54-9 C11H18NO4-
    1,3-Piperidinedicarboxylic acid, 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester, (3S)-
    —— 1,2-Piperidinedicarboxylic acid, 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester, (2S)- 98303-20-9 C11H18NO4-
    1,2-Piperidinedicarboxylic acid, 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester, (2S)-
    —— 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl-muco-quinic acid 2450-53-5 C25H24O12
    3,5-di-O-caffeoyl-muco-quinic acid
    —— 1,6-Methanonaphthalen-1(2H)-ol, octahydro-4,8a,9,9-tetramethyl-, [1R-(1alpha,4beta,4aalpha,6beta,8aalpha)]- 5986-55-0 C15H26O
    1,6-Methanonaphthalen-1(2H)-ol, octahydro-4,8a,9,9-tetramethyl-, [1R-(1alpha,4beta,4aalpha,6beta,8aalpha)]-
    —— Gardenia Yellow 42553-65-1 C44H64O24
    Gardenia Yellow
    —— 4-(Phenylmethyl)-1-piperazineacetic Acid 2-[[2-Hydroxy-3-(2-propen-1-yl)phenyl] 315183-21-2 C23H28N4O2
    4-(Phenylmethyl)-1-piperazineacetic Acid 2-[[2-Hydroxy-3-(2-propen-1-yl)phenyl]
    —— (1R,2R,3R,4R,5S)-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,3,4-triol 644-76-8 C6H10O5
    (1R,2R,3R,4R,5S)-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,3,4-triol
    —— [(E)-[(3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-ylidene]amino] N-phenylcarbamate 132489-69-1 C15H19N3O7
    [(E)-[(3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-ylidene]amino] N-phenylcarbamate
    —— 4-methoxy-7-methyl-2-[2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-g]chromen-5-one 84272-85-5 C22H28O10
    4-methoxy-7-methyl-2-[2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-g]chromen-5-one
    —— 2-[hydroxy-[(E,2S,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-(octadecanoylamino)octadec-4-enoxy]phosphoryl]oxyethyl-trimethylazanium 85187-10-6 C41H84N2O6P+
    2-[hydroxy-[(E,2S,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-(octadecanoylamino)octadec-4-enoxy]phosphoryl]oxyethyl-trimethylazanium
    —— (1aR,2S,5R,5aR,6S,8aS,9R,10aR)-1a,2,5,5a,6,9,10,10a-Octahydro-5,5a,6-trihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,7,9-tetramethyl-1H-2,8a-methanocyclopenta[a]cyclopropa[e]cyclodecen-11-one 30220-46-3 C20H28O5
    (1aR,2S,5R,5aR,6S,8aS,9R,10aR)-1a,2,5,5a,6,9,10,10a-Octahydro-5,5a,6-trihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,7,9-tetramethyl-1H-2,8a-methanocyclopenta[a]cyclopropa[e]cyclodecen-11-one
    —— Cbz-Valine-monoformate ganciclovir 194159-19-8 C23H28N6O8
    Cbz-Valine-monoformate ganciclovir
    —— K252a 97161-97-2 C27H21N3O5
    K252a
    —— [(Diaminomethylidene)(methyl)azaniumyl]acetyl phosphate 19333-65-4 C4H9N3O5P-
    [(Diaminomethylidene)(methyl)azaniumyl]acetyl phosphate
    —— 2-({[(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy](hydroxy)methylidene}amino)-3-phenylpropanoate 86123-10-6 C24H20NO4-
    2-({[(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy](hydroxy)methylidene}amino)-3-phenylpropanoate
    —— 2-{[tert-Butoxy(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-3-(4-cyanophenyl)propanoate 146727-62-0 C15H17N2O4-
    2-{[tert-Butoxy(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-3-(4-cyanophenyl)propanoate
    —— 1-Acetyl-8,8-dimethylhexahydro-3a,6-methano-2lambda~6~-2lambda~6~,1-benzothiazole-2,2(3H)-dione 141993-16-0 C12H19NO3S
    1-Acetyl-8,8-dimethylhexahydro-3a,6-methano-2lambda~6~-2lambda~6~,1-benzothiazole-2,2(3H)-dione
    —— 4-{[tert-Butoxy(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-5-hydroxy-5-iminopentanoate 18800-74-3 C10H17N2O5-
    4-{[tert-Butoxy(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-5-hydroxy-5-iminopentanoate
    —— N-(2-Carboxy-1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)benzenecarboximidate 52421-48-4 C17H16NO4-
    N-(2-Carboxy-1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)benzenecarboximidate
    —— 2-{[tert-Butoxy(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-3-(furan-2-yl)propanoatato 261380-18-1 C12H16NO5-
    2-{[tert-Butoxy(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-3-(furan-2-yl)propanoatato
    —— 2-{[tert-Butoxy(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2-carboxylate 71066-00-7 C15H18NO4-
    2-{[tert-Butoxy(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2-carboxylate
    —— (2R)-3-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)propanoate 205526-37-0 C25H19N2O4-
    (2R)-3-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)propanoate
    —— (2S,4R)-1-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)-4-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate 122996-47-8 C24H26NO5-
    (2S,4R)-1-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)-4-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate
    —— 2-{[(Benzyloxy)(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-3-(phenylsulfanyl)propanoate 159453-24-4 C17H16NO4S-
    2-{[(Benzyloxy)(hydroxy)methylidene]amino}-3-(phenylsulfanyl)propanoate
    —— 2-[Hydroxy(diphenyl)methyl]-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium 110529-22-1 C18H22NO+
    2-[Hydroxy(diphenyl)methyl]-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium
    —— 12(S)-HETE-d8 84807-90-9 C20H32O3
    12(S)-HETE-d8
    —— [(2S,4R,5S)-6-[[(2R,4S,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,6aR,6aS,6bR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate 16830-15-2 C48H78O19
    [(2S,4R,5S)-6-[[(2R,4S,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,6aR,6aS,6bR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate
    —— Dtxcid605538 6112-76-1 C5H8N4OS
    Dtxcid605538
    —— Ascomycin, Streptomyces hygroscopicus 11011-38-4 C43H69NO12
    Ascomycin, Streptomyces hygroscopicus
    —— tacrolimus 104987-11-3 C44H69NO12
    tacrolimus
    —— thalrugosaminine 22226-73-9 C39H44N2O7
    thalrugosaminine
    —— 1D-5-O-methyl-chiro-inositol 523-92-2 C7H14O6
    1D-5-O-methyl-chiro-inositol
    —— Chromeazurol S 1667-99-8 C23H16Cl2NaO9S+
    Chromeazurol S