生物化工是21世纪的重要支柱产业之一,它结合了生物、化学和工程学的交叉学科知识,涵盖了生物化学工程与生物加工工程,同时也是生物技术的一个分支,并且被认为是化学工程前沿领域的一部分。其核心功能在于将生物技术转化为生产力,实现产业化和商品化。
生物化工产品主要以动物、植物及微生物为原料,通过生物化学工程、物理或化学的方法进行加工而成。这类产品广泛应用于医药、食品、饲料、基础有机化工原料、有机酸以及生物农药等多个领域。
该学科起源于第二次世界大战时期,标志性的事件是抗生素的深层发酵与大规模生产技术的研究。20世纪60年代末至80年代中期,转基因技术、生物催化与转化技术、动植物细胞培养技术、新型生物反应器和分离技术等的成功开发与研究,推动了学科进入新的发展阶段,并逐步完善了学科体系。进入20世纪后期,在以基因工程为代表的高新技术迅速崛起的背景下,生物化工迎来了更加广阔的发展空间。
目前,生物化工产品广泛涉及医药卫生、农林牧渔、轻工食品、化工能源及环境保护等众多领域。它不仅促进了传统产业的升级和新兴产业的诞生,而且对人类社会产生了深远的影响。据数据显示,截至2011年,全球生物高技术产品的销售额已达到1129.3亿美元,并展现出巨大的经济潜力。
随着人们对环保要求日益提高,生物化工产品因其绿色环保特性而受到广泛关注。因此,各国政府和科研人员对该领域表现出浓厚兴趣,生物化工已成为当今世界高科技竞争的重要热点之一。其发展水平被视为衡量一个国家科技实力的标志,尤其是随着生命科学领域的迅速进步,人类对更多生物高技术产品的需求日益增加。预计在未来十年内,美欧等发达国家的生物高技术产业将增长10至20倍,并相应地带动生物化工产品的快速提升。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | Libanotin | 15591-75-0 | C21H22O7 |
|
—— | Phyllanthin (Phyllantosid) | 499-20-7 | C14H17NO7 |
|
—— | (±)-5,6-dihydroxy-8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatetraenoic acid | 845673-97-4 | C20H32O4 |
|
—— | Picrocrocin | 138-55-6 | C16H26O7 |
|
—— | Sodium hydrogen N,N'-(3H-2,1-benzoxathiol-3-ylidenebis((6-hydroxy-5-methylphen-3,1-ylene)methylene))bisaminoacetate S,S-dioxide | 77031-64-2 | C27H28N2NaO9S+ |
|
—— | Cibinetide | 1208243-50-8 | C51H84N16O21 |
|
—— | (R)-3-amino-4-(2-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-butyric acid | 269396-76-1 | C11H12F3NO2 |
|
—— | 2-[3-hydroxy-5-[(E)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 30197-14-9 | C21H24O8 |
|
—— | Unii-1W21G5Q4N2 | 78111-17-8 | C44H68O13 |
|
—— | (Z)-N-(3-methyl-1,1-dioxo-1,4-thiazinan-4-yl)-1-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methanimine | 23256-30-6 | C10H13N3O5S |
|
—— | baicalein 7-O-glucoside | 57396-78-8 | C21H20O10 |
|
—— | RKRSRAE | 81187-14-6 | C35H67N17O11 |
|
—— | (2S)-2-amino-3-[[(2R)-2-butanoyloxy-3-propanoyloxypropoxy]-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxypropanoic acid | 8002-43-5 | C13H24NO10P |
|
—— | 6-(6-hydroxymethyl pyrimidin-4-yloxy)naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (3-trifluoromethyl phenyl)amide | 890128-81-1 | C23H16F3N3O3 |
|
—— | (2E,4E)-5-(7-acetyloxy-4-methoxycarbonyl-9-methyl-11-oxo-10-oxatricyclo[6.3.2.01,7]tridec-3-en-9-yl)-2-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid | 82508-31-4 | C23H28O8 |
|
—— | (9-methyl-3-oxa-9-azatricyclo[3.3.1.02,4]nonan-7-yl) (2S)-3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate;hydrochloride | 55-16-3 | C17H22ClNO4 |
|
—— | 2-Anthracenecarboxylic acid, 7-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-9,10-dihydro-3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxo- | 1260-17-9 | C22H20O13 |
|
—— | (2R)-3-[(6R)-2-[(E,2R)-4-[(2'R,8aR)-4-hydroxy-2-[(3S)-1-hydroxy-3-[(2S,6S)-3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl]butyl]-3-methylidenespiro[4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran-6,5'-oxolane]-2'-yl]but-3-en-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-4-en-8-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid | 78111-17-8 | C44H68O13 |
|
—— | (<i>S</i>)-<i>p</i>-menthadien-(1.8)-al-(7)-<i>seqcis</i>-oxime | 138-91-0 | C10H15NO |
|
—— | (+)-perillaldehyde <i>seqcis</i>-oxime | 138-91-0 | C10H15NO |
|
—— | perillartine | 30950-27-7 | C10H15NO |
|
—— | (S)-perillaldehyde oxime | 138-91-0 | C10H15NO |
|
—— | 8-(2-amino-3-chloro-5-(1-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)pyridin-4-yl)-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one | 1607837-31-9 | C21H23ClN6O |
|
—— | 1H-4,9a-Ethanocyclohepta(c)pyran-7-carboxylic acid, 4a-(acetyloxy)-3-(4-carboxy-1,3-pentadienyl)3,4,4a,5,6,9-hexahydro-3-methyl-1-oxo-, 7-methyl ester, (3-alpha(1E,3E),4-alpha,4a-alpha,9a-alpha)-(-)- | 82508-31-4 | C23H28O8 |
|
—— | notoginsenoside-R1 | 80418-24-2 | C47H80O18 |
|
—— | 20(R)-notoginsenoside R2 | 80418-25-3 | C41H70O13 |
|
—— | Bioneem | 11141-17-6 | C35H44O16 |
|
—— | cucurbitacin E | 2612-95-5 | C32H44O8 |
|
—— | Neogambogic acid | 93772-31-7 | C38H46O9 |
|
—— | Schisantherin B | 58546-55-7 | C28H34O9 |
|
—— | UK5099 | 56396-35-1 | C18H12N2O2 |
|
—— | 7-Hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid potassium salt | 30252-40-5 | C10H7O4S*K |
|
—— | 6-(methylamino)purineriboside | 1867-73-8 | C11H15N5O4 |
|
—— | gnidilatidin | 60195-70-2 | C37H44O10 |
|
—— | menisdaurin | 67765-58-6 | C14H19NO7 |
|
—— | Ditaurobilirubin, disodium | 68683-34-1 | C37H44N6Na2O10S2 |
|
—— | [6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 94079-81-9 | C35H46O19 |
|
—— | Furanodienon | 24268-41-5 | C15H18O2 |
|
—— | (1R,3Z,5R,7S,11R,12R,13S,14S)-1,11,13-trihydroxy-3,6,6,14-tetramethyl-10-methylidenetricyclo[10.3.0.05,7]pentadec-3-en-2-one | 34420-19-4 | C20H30O4 |
|
—— | Aloenin B | 106533-41-9 | C34H38O17 |
|
—— | KU0063794 | 938440-64-3 | C25H31N5O4 |
|
—— | 2-fluoro-<i>N</i>-benzyloxycarbonyl-D-phenylalanine | 7557-34-8 | C17H16FNO4 |
|
—— | corilagin | 23094-69-1 | C27H22O18 |
|
—— | (1R,9S,12S,13R,14S,17R,18Z,21S,23S,24R,25S,27R)-12-[(E)-1-[(1R,3R,4S)-4-chloro-3-methoxycyclohexyl]prop-1-en-2-yl]-17-ethyl-1,14-dihydroxy-23,25-dimethoxy-13,19,21,27-tetramethyl-11,28-dioxa-4-azatricyclo[22.3.1.04,9]octacos-18-ene-2,3,10,16-tetrone | 137071-32-0 | C43H68ClNO11 |
|
—— | S-1-(3,6-dibromo-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-3-(3-methoxyphenylamino)-propan-2-ol | 1235481-43-2 | C22H20Br2N2O2 |
|
—— | 2-((((9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propanoic acid | 748163-22-6 | C25H20F3NO4 |
|
—— | [(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 93236-42-1 | C36H48O20 |
|
—— | linderane | 13476-25-0 | C15H16O4 |
|
—— | GSK2795039 | 1415925-18-6 | C23H26N6O2S |
|
—— | [(2R,3S)-1-amino-2-benzyl-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl] carbamate | 49705-98-8 | C12H16N2O4 |
|