摩熵化学
数据库官网
小程序
打开微信扫一扫
首页 分子通 化学资讯 化学百科 反应查询 关于我们
请输入关键词
历史搜索
    热门化合物HOT
    • 喹啉
    • 水杨醛
    • 二溴甲烷
    • 谷胱甘肽
    • L-乳酸
    • 苯巴比妥
    • 辣椒碱
    • 非那明
    • 百草枯
    • 联苯烯
    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工

    生物化工

    生物化工是21世纪的重要支柱产业之一，它结合了生物、化学和工程学的交叉学科知识，涵盖了生物化学工程与生物加工工程，同时也是生物技术的一个分支，并且被认为是化学工程前沿领域的一部分。其核心功能在于将生物技术转化为生产力，实现产业化和商品化。

    生物化工产品主要以动物、植物及微生物为原料，通过生物化学工程、物理或化学的方法进行加工而成。这类产品广泛应用于医药、食品、饲料、基础有机化工原料、有机酸以及生物农药等多个领域。

    该学科起源于第二次世界大战时期，标志性的事件是抗生素的深层发酵与大规模生产技术的研究。20世纪60年代末至80年代中期，转基因技术、生物催化与转化技术、动植物细胞培养技术、新型生物反应器和分离技术等的成功开发与研究，推动了学科进入新的发展阶段，并逐步完善了学科体系。进入20世纪后期，在以基因工程为代表的高新技术迅速崛起的背景下，生物化工迎来了更加广阔的发展空间。

    目前，生物化工产品广泛涉及医药卫生、农林牧渔、轻工食品、化工能源及环境保护等众多领域。它不仅促进了传统产业的升级和新兴产业的诞生，而且对人类社会产生了深远的影响。据数据显示，截至2011年，全球生物高技术产品的销售额已达到1129.3亿美元，并展现出巨大的经济潜力。

    随着人们对环保要求日益提高，生物化工产品因其绿色环保特性而受到广泛关注。因此，各国政府和科研人员对该领域表现出浓厚兴趣，生物化工已成为当今世界高科技竞争的重要热点之一。其发展水平被视为衡量一个国家科技实力的标志，尤其是随着生命科学领域的迅速进步，人类对更多生物高技术产品的需求日益增加。预计在未来十年内，美欧等发达国家的生物高技术产业将增长10至20倍，并相应地带动生物化工产品的快速提升。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Velneperit 342577-38-2 C17H24F3N3O3S
    Velneperit
    —— D-glucose 6-phosphate (Na) 54010-71-8 C6H12O9P*Na
    D-glucose 6-phosphate (Na)
    —— (R)-N-Benzylasparaginsaeure 6367-42-6 C11H13NO4
    (R)-N-Benzylasparaginsaeure
    —— 2-[[2-[[3-Phenyl-2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]acetic acid 37700-64-4 C21H23N3O6
    2-[[2-[[3-Phenyl-2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]acetic acid
    —— 1-[2-(Phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 21027-01-0 C16H20N2O5
    1-[2-(Phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— pigment red 49 1248-18-6 C20H13N2O4S*Na
    pigment red 49
    —— sodium salt of N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-m-toluidine 82692-93-1 C12H18NO4S*Na
    sodium salt of N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-m-toluidine
    —— S-benzyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide 60668-81-7 C10H13NO3S
    S-benzyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide
    —— 2-(4-Nitrophenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol 2001-96-9 C11H13NO7
    2-(4-Nitrophenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— methyl (3-hydroxy-5-oxo-4-phenyl-5H-furan-2-ylidene)phenylacetate 73622-57-8 C19H14O5
    methyl (3-hydroxy-5-oxo-4-phenyl-5H-furan-2-ylidene)phenylacetate
    —— N4-Benzoyl-2-O-methylcytidine 52571-45-6 C17H19N3O6
    N4-Benzoyl-2-O-methylcytidine
    —— 2-[4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol 32449-98-2 C39H63NO11
    2-[4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— Β-D-Ribofuranosyl)-9-benzylamino-6-purin 4294-16-0 C17H19N5O4
    Β-D-Ribofuranosyl)-9-benzylamino-6-purin
    —— spiculisporic acid 469-77-2 C17H28O6
    spiculisporic acid
    —— 3'-epi-5-Chloro-2'-deoxyuridine 50-90-8 C9H11ClN2O5
    3'-epi-5-Chloro-2'-deoxyuridine
    —— 4-amino-1-[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3-fluoro-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-one 10212-20-1 C9H12FN3O4
    4-amino-1-[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3-fluoro-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-one
    —— methyl (1S,4aS,6S,7R,7aS)-6-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate 18524-94-2 C17H26O10
    methyl (1S,4aS,6S,7R,7aS)-6-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate
    —— From Dendrobium nobile 2115-91-5 C16H25NO2
    From Dendrobium nobile
    —— Panzem NCD 362-07-2 C19H26O3
    Panzem NCD
    —— 2'-Azido-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-triphosphate 26929-65-7 C9H11N5O5
    2'-Azido-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-triphosphate
    —— Ethyl(2s,3s)-3-[[1-(isopentylcarbamoyl)-3-methyl-butyl]carbamoyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate 88321-09-9 C17H30N2O5
    Ethyl(2s,3s)-3-[[1-(isopentylcarbamoyl)-3-methyl-butyl]carbamoyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate
    —— 2-[2-[2-[6-[(1R,2S,3R,4R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13S,15R,16R,18S)-3,15-dihydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 11024-24-1 C56H92O29
    2-[2-[2-[6-[(1R,2S,3R,4R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13S,15R,16R,18S)-3,15-dihydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (3,5-Dibenzoyloxy-4-imidazol-1-ylsulfonyloxyoxolan-2-yl)methyl benzoate 97614-42-1 C29H24N2O10S
    (3,5-Dibenzoyloxy-4-imidazol-1-ylsulfonyloxyoxolan-2-yl)methyl benzoate
    —— (2R)-1-{4-[(1aR,6r,10bS)-1,1-Difluoro-1,1a,6,10b-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,e]cyclopropa[c]cyclohepten-6-yl]piperazin-1-yl}-3-(quinolin-5-yloxy)propan-2-ol 167354-41-8 C32H31F2N3O2
    (2R)-1-{4-[(1aR,6r,10bS)-1,1-Difluoro-1,1a,6,10b-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,e]cyclopropa[c]cyclohepten-6-yl]piperazin-1-yl}-3-(quinolin-5-yloxy)propan-2-ol
    —— Ponceau S 6226-79-5 C22H16N4O13S4
    Ponceau S
    —— Carboxymethylazanide;manganese(2+) 14281-77-7 C4H8MnN2O4
    Carboxymethylazanide;manganese(2+)
    —— 6-((1R,2S)-2-amino-cyclohexylamino)-4-(5,6-dimethyl-pyridin-2-ylamino)-pyridazine-3-carboxylic acid amide 1446790-62-0 C18H25N7O
    6-((1R,2S)-2-amino-cyclohexylamino)-4-(5,6-dimethyl-pyridin-2-ylamino)-pyridazine-3-carboxylic acid amide
    —— Bis(DL-methioninato-N,O)copper 15170-74-8 C10H20CuN2O4S2
    Bis(DL-methioninato-N,O)copper
    —— alanylglycine methyl ester 438002-26-7 C6H12N2O3
    alanylglycine methyl ester
    —— Laminaran 9008-22-4 C18H32O16
    Laminaran
    —— 2-(2-Acetamido-4-methylvaleramido)-N-(1-formyl-4-guanidinobutyl)-4-methylvaleramide 24365-47-7 C20H38N6O4
    2-(2-Acetamido-4-methylvaleramido)-N-(1-formyl-4-guanidinobutyl)-4-methylvaleramide
    —— Rhodotoxine 4720-09-6 C22H36O7
    Rhodotoxine
    —— [(1'S,3'R,4'R,5'R,6'R,10'S,12'S,16'R,18'S,21'R)-2-hydroxy-1,4',6',12',17',17'-hexamethyl-18'-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyspiro[3,6-dioxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-4,8'-9-oxahexacyclo[11.9.0.01,21.04,12.05,10.016,21]docos-13-ene]-3'-yl] acetate 66176-93-0 C37H54O11
    [(1'S,3'R,4'R,5'R,6'R,10'S,12'S,16'R,18'S,21'R)-2-hydroxy-1,4',6',12',17',17'-hexamethyl-18'-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyspiro[3,6-dioxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-4,8'-9-oxahexacyclo[11.9.0.01,21.04,12.05,10.016,21]docos-13-ene]-3'-yl] acetate
    —— Surfactin 24730-31-2 C53H93N7O13
    Surfactin
    —— sanggenone C 80651-76-9 C40H36O12
    sanggenone C
    —— [[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [(3R)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-4-[[3-oxo-3-(2-sulfanylethylamino)propyl]amino]butyl] hydrogen phosphate 85-61-0 C21H36N7O16P3S
    [[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [(3R)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-4-[[3-oxo-3-(2-sulfanylethylamino)propyl]amino]butyl] hydrogen phosphate
    —— (+)-isofebrifugine 496-32-2 C16H19N3O3
    (+)-isofebrifugine
    —— iron(2+);(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate;hydrate 699014-53-4 C12H24FeO15
    iron(2+);(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate;hydrate
    —— 6-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime 667463-62-9 C16H10BrN3O2
    6-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime
    —— [[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [(3R)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-4-[[3-oxo-3-(2-sulfanylethylamino)propyl]amino]butyl] hydrogen phosphate 85-61-0 C21H36N7O16P3S
    [[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [(3R)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-4-[[3-oxo-3-(2-sulfanylethylamino)propyl]amino]butyl] hydrogen phosphate
    —— (3R)-2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol 3102-56-5 C18H39NO2
    (3R)-2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol
    —— 2-((4-(1-[11C]methyl-4-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)phenoxy)methyl)quinoline 1292799-56-4 C25H20N4O
    2-((4-(1-[11C]methyl-4-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)phenoxy)methyl)quinoline
    —— Y-27632 dihydrochloride 146986-50-7 C14H21N3O
    Y-27632 dihydrochloride
    —— bleomycin 11056-06-7 C55H84N17O21S3
    bleomycin
    —— (2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)chroman-4-one 13241-33-3 C28H34O15
    (2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— N-Z-Glutamylphenylalanin 987-84-8 C22H24N2O7
    N-Z-Glutamylphenylalanin
    —— <i>N</i>-(<i>N</i>-benzyloxycarbonyl-α-L-glutamyl)-D-phenylalanine 987-84-8 C22H24N2O7
    <i>N</i>-(<i>N</i>-benzyloxycarbonyl-α-L-glutamyl)-D-phenylalanine
    —— methyl (2S)-4-[[(1R)-2-acetyl-6,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]-3-ethenyl-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylate 15401-60-2 C27H35NO12
    methyl (2S)-4-[[(1R)-2-acetyl-6,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]-3-ethenyl-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylate
    —— chasmanine 5066-78-4 C25H41NO6
    chasmanine
    —— 2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-3-hydroxybutanoic acid 1655-65-8 C10H11N3O7
    2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-3-hydroxybutanoic acid