生物化工是21世纪的重要支柱产业之一,它结合了生物、化学和工程学的交叉学科知识,涵盖了生物化学工程与生物加工工程,同时也是生物技术的一个分支,并且被认为是化学工程前沿领域的一部分。其核心功能在于将生物技术转化为生产力,实现产业化和商品化。
生物化工产品主要以动物、植物及微生物为原料,通过生物化学工程、物理或化学的方法进行加工而成。这类产品广泛应用于医药、食品、饲料、基础有机化工原料、有机酸以及生物农药等多个领域。
该学科起源于第二次世界大战时期,标志性的事件是抗生素的深层发酵与大规模生产技术的研究。20世纪60年代末至80年代中期,转基因技术、生物催化与转化技术、动植物细胞培养技术、新型生物反应器和分离技术等的成功开发与研究,推动了学科进入新的发展阶段,并逐步完善了学科体系。进入20世纪后期,在以基因工程为代表的高新技术迅速崛起的背景下,生物化工迎来了更加广阔的发展空间。
目前,生物化工产品广泛涉及医药卫生、农林牧渔、轻工食品、化工能源及环境保护等众多领域。它不仅促进了传统产业的升级和新兴产业的诞生,而且对人类社会产生了深远的影响。据数据显示,截至2011年,全球生物高技术产品的销售额已达到1129.3亿美元,并展现出巨大的经济潜力。
随着人们对环保要求日益提高,生物化工产品因其绿色环保特性而受到广泛关注。因此,各国政府和科研人员对该领域表现出浓厚兴趣,生物化工已成为当今世界高科技竞争的重要热点之一。其发展水平被视为衡量一个国家科技实力的标志,尤其是随着生命科学领域的迅速进步,人类对更多生物高技术产品的需求日益增加。预计在未来十年内,美欧等发达国家的生物高技术产业将增长10至20倍,并相应地带动生物化工产品的快速提升。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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5-甲基-2'-氧甲基胞苷 | 5,2’-O-dimethylcytidine | 113886-70-7 | C11H17N3O5 |
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5-甲基-1(3h)-异苯并呋喃酮 | 5-methylphthalide | 54120-64-8 | C9H8O2 |
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5-溴烟酸 | 5-Bromonicotinic acid | 20826-04-4 | C6H4BrNO2 |
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5-溴尿苷 | 5-bromouridine | 957-75-5 | C9H11BrN2O6 |
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5-溴-N-叔丁氧羰基-L-正缬氨酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl N-tert-butylcarbonyl-2-amino-5-bromopentanoate | 91229-86-6 | C14H26BrNO4 |
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5-溴-N-(2,3-二羟基丙氧基)-3,4-二氟-2-[(2-氟-4-碘苯基)氨基]苯甲酰胺 | PD318088 | 391210-00-7 | C16H13BrF3IN2O4 |
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5-溴-DL-色氨酸 | 5-bromo-DL-tryptophan | 6548-09-0 | C11H11BrN2O2 |
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5-溴-6-氯-3-吲哚基-beta-D-半乳糖苷 | (5-bromo-6-chloroindol-3-yl) β-D-galactopyranoside | 93863-88-8 | C14H15BrClNO6 |
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5-溴-6-氯-3-吲哚-Β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | 5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside | 93863-89-9 | C14H15BrClNO6 |
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5-溴-6-氯-3-吲哚-Α-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 | (2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(5-bromo-6-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 198402-60-7 | C14H15BrClNO6 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基磷酸二钾盐 | 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate dipotassium salt, phosphatase substrate | 102185-49-9 | C8H6BrClKNO4P |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基β-D-葡萄糖苷酸钠盐 | 129541-41-9 | C14H13BrClNNaO7 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基N-乙酰基-beta-D-氨基葡萄糖苷 | N-((2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-((5-Bromo-6-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)oxy)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)acetamide | 5609-91-6 | C16H18BrClN2O6 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸 | 5-bromo-6-chloro-3-indoxyl-β-glucuronide | 144110-42-9 | C14H13BrClNO7 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基-beta-l-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | (5-Bromo-4-chloro-indol-3-yl)-β-L-fucopyranoside | 125328-84-9 | C14H15BrClNO5 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基-beta-d-吡喃甘露糖苷 | (2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-((5-Bromo-4-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol | 129787-67-3 | C14H15BrClNO6 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基-beta-D-吡喃葡糖苷 | (5-bromo-4-chloroindol-3-yl) β-D-glucopyranoside | 15548-60-4 | C14H15BrClNO6 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基-alpha-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 | 5-bromo-4-chloroindoxyl α-D-galactopyranoside | 107021-38-5 | C14H15BrClNO6 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基-N-乙酰-beta-D-氨基葡萄糖苷 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolylacetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide | 4264-82-8 | C16H18BrClN2O6 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基-D-吡喃葡糖苷 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl alpha-D-glucopyranoside | 108789-36-2 | C14H15BrClNO6 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基-BETA-D-葡糖苷酸环己胺盐 | 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-glucuronide cyclohexylammonium salt | 114162-64-0 | C20H26BrClN2O7 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚基-B-D-半乳糖甘(X-gal) | Tyrosyl-prolyl-phenylalanyl-prolylglycine | 72122-63-5 | C30H37N5O7 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚半乳糖苷 | X-gal | 7240-90-6 | C14H15BrClNO6 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚-α-D-N-乙酰神经氨酸钠盐 | X-Neu5Ac | 160369-85-7 | C19H22BrClN2NaO9 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚-Β-D-纤维二糖糖苷 | 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-cellobioside | 177966-52-8 | C20H25BrClNO11 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚-Β-D-吡喃木糖苷 | (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-((5-Bromo-4-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol | 207606-55-1 | C13H13BrClNO5 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚-Α-D-麦芽三糖糖苷 | 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-alpha-D-maltotriose | 341972-94-9 | C26H35BrClNO16 |
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5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚-alpha-D-甘露糖苷 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl alpha-D-mannopyranoside | 125229-64-3 | C14H15BrClNO6 |
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5-溴-4-氯-1H-吲哚-3-基6-脱氧-BETA-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 | (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(5-bromo-4-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)oxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | 17016-46-5 | C14H15BrClNO5 |
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5-溴-3-吲哚基-beta-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 | (5-bromoindol-3-yl)-β-D-galactopyranoside | 97753-82-7 | C14H16BrNO6 |
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5-溴-2-(吗啉-1)嘧啶 | 4-(5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)morpholine | 84539-22-0 | C8H10BrN3O |
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5-溴-2'-脱氧胞苷 | 5-bromo-2'-deoxycytidine | 1022-79-3 | C9H12BrN3O4 |
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5-氯靛红 | 5-chloroindole 2,3-dione | 17630-76-1 | C8H4ClNO2 |
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5-氯尿嘧啶核苷 | 5-chlorouridine | 2880-89-9 | C9H11ClN2O6 |
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5-氯尿嘧啶 | 5-chlorouracil | 1820-81-1 | C4H3ClN2O2 |
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5-氯-N2-[4-[4-(二甲基氨基)-1-哌啶基]-2-甲氧基苯基]-N4-[2-(二甲基亚膦酰)苯基]-2,4-嘧啶二胺 | AP26113 | 1197958-12-5 | C26H34ClN6O2P |
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5-氯-N2-[2-甲氧基-4-[4-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-1-哌啶基]苯基]-N4-[2-[(1-甲基乙基)磺酰基]苯基]-2,4-嘧啶二胺 | 5-chloro-N4-[2-(isopropylsulfonyl)phenyl]-N2-{2-methoxy-4-[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl]phenyl}pyrimidine-2,4-diamine | 761439-42-3 | C30H40ClN7O3S |
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5-氯-N2-[(1S)-1-(5-氟-2-嘧啶基)乙基]-N4-(5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)-2,4-嘧啶二胺 | AZD1480 | 935666-88-9 | C14H14ClFN8 |
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5-氯-N-[4-甲氧基-3-(1-哌嗪基)苯基]-3-甲基苯并[b]噻吩-2-磺胺 | 5-chloro-N-(4-methoxy-3-piperazin-1-ylphenyl)-3-methyl-1-benzothiophene-2-sulfonamide | 209481-20-9 | C20H22ClN3O3S2 |
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5-氯-N-[(1S,2R)-3-(二甲基氨基)-2-羟基-3-氧代-1-(苯基甲基)丙基]-1H-吲哚-2-甲酰胺 | CP 91149 | 186392-40-5 | C21H22ClN3O3 |
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5-氯-N-[(1S)-1-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)乙基]-N'-(5-异丙氧基-1H-吡唑-3-基)嘧啶-2,4-二胺 | AZ23 | 915720-21-7 | C17H19ClFN7O |
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5-氯-DL-色氨酸 | 5-chloro-DL-tryptophan | 154-07-4 | C11H11ClN2O2 |
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5-氯-3-乙基-N-[2-[4-(1-哌啶基)苯基]乙基-1H-吲哚-2-甲酰胺 | Org 27569 | 868273-06-7 | C24H28ClN3O |
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5-氯-2-脱氧尿嘧啶核苷 | 5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine | 50-90-8 | C9H11ClN2O5 |
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5-氯-2-氟三氟甲苯 | D-rhamnose | 609-01-8 | C6H12O5 |
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5-氮杂胞苷 | 5-azacytidine | 320-67-2 | C8H12N4O5 |
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5-氨基颉草酸 | 5-aminopentanoic acid | 660-88-8 | C5H11NO2 |
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5-氨基苯并呋喃甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 5-amino-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate | 174775-48-5 | C11H11NO3 |
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5-氨基腺苷酸 | 5'-amino-5'-deoxyadenosine | 14365-44-7 | C10H14N6O3 |
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5-氨基烟酸 | 5-aminonicotinic acid | 24242-19-1 | C6H6N2O2 |
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