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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工

    生物化工

    生物化工是21世纪的重要支柱产业之一，它结合了生物、化学和工程学的交叉学科知识，涵盖了生物化学工程与生物加工工程，同时也是生物技术的一个分支，并且被认为是化学工程前沿领域的一部分。其核心功能在于将生物技术转化为生产力，实现产业化和商品化。

    生物化工产品主要以动物、植物及微生物为原料，通过生物化学工程、物理或化学的方法进行加工而成。这类产品广泛应用于医药、食品、饲料、基础有机化工原料、有机酸以及生物农药等多个领域。

    该学科起源于第二次世界大战时期，标志性的事件是抗生素的深层发酵与大规模生产技术的研究。20世纪60年代末至80年代中期，转基因技术、生物催化与转化技术、动植物细胞培养技术、新型生物反应器和分离技术等的成功开发与研究，推动了学科进入新的发展阶段，并逐步完善了学科体系。进入20世纪后期，在以基因工程为代表的高新技术迅速崛起的背景下，生物化工迎来了更加广阔的发展空间。

    目前，生物化工产品广泛涉及医药卫生、农林牧渔、轻工食品、化工能源及环境保护等众多领域。它不仅促进了传统产业的升级和新兴产业的诞生，而且对人类社会产生了深远的影响。据数据显示，截至2011年，全球生物高技术产品的销售额已达到1129.3亿美元，并展现出巨大的经济潜力。

    随着人们对环保要求日益提高，生物化工产品因其绿色环保特性而受到广泛关注。因此，各国政府和科研人员对该领域表现出浓厚兴趣，生物化工已成为当今世界高科技竞争的重要热点之一。其发展水平被视为衡量一个国家科技实力的标志，尤其是随着生命科学领域的迅速进步，人类对更多生物高技术产品的需求日益增加。预计在未来十年内，美欧等发达国家的生物高技术产业将增长10至20倍，并相应地带动生物化工产品的快速提升。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 3-iodo-1-<5'-<5''-(4'''-methylpiperazin-1'''-yl)benzimidazol-2''-yl>benzimidazol-2'-yl>benzene 158013-42-4 C25H23IN6
    3-iodo-1-<5'-<5''-(4'''-methylpiperazin-1'''-yl)benzimidazol-2''-yl>benzimidazol-2'-yl>benzene
    —— 2-iodo-1-<5'-<5''-(4'''-methylpiperazin-1'''-yl)benzimidazol-2''-yl>benzimidazol-2'-yl>benzene 158013-41-3 C25H23IN6
    2-iodo-1-<5'-<5''-(4'''-methylpiperazin-1'''-yl)benzimidazol-2''-yl>benzimidazol-2'-yl>benzene
    —— (Z)-3-(N'-(2-hydroxy-3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)carboximidoyl chloride)pyridine-1-oxide 289893-23-8 C14H20ClN3O3
    (Z)-3-(N'-(2-hydroxy-3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)carboximidoyl chloride)pyridine-1-oxide
    —— (+/-)-K252a 99533-80-9 C27H21N3O5
    (+/-)-K252a
    —— ciliobrevin A 302803-72-1 C17H9Cl2N3O2
    ciliobrevin A
    —— CFTRinh-172 307510-92-5 C18H10F3NO3S2
    CFTRinh-172
    —— thiamet-G 1009816-48-1 C9H16N2O4S
    thiamet-G
    —— PF-00835231 870153-29-0 C24H32N4O6
    PF-00835231
    —— (-)-1,6-Anhydro-α-L-gulopyranose 498-07-7 C6H10O5
    (-)-1,6-Anhydro-α-L-gulopyranose
    —— S(tBu) 18783-53-4 C7H15NO3
    S(tBu)
    —— voxilaprevir 1535212-07-7 C40H52F4N6O9S
    voxilaprevir
    —— (8R*,9S*,11S*)-(-)-9-hydroxy-9-methoxycarbonyl-8-methyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydro-8,11-epoxy-1H, 8H, 11H-2, 7b, 11a-triazadibenzo(a,g)cycloocta(cde)trinden-1-one 97161-97-2 C27H21N3O5
    (8R*,9S*,11S*)-(-)-9-hydroxy-9-methoxycarbonyl-8-methyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydro-8,11-epoxy-1H, 8H, 11H-2, 7b, 11a-triazadibenzo(a,g)cycloocta(cde)trinden-1-one
    —— N-[({[(1E)-1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylidene]amino}oxy)(dimethylamino)-methylidene]-N-methylmethanaminium tetrafluoroborate 136849-72-4 BF4*C10H17N4O3
    N-[({[(1E)-1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylidene]amino}oxy)(dimethylamino)-methylidene]-N-methylmethanaminium tetrafluoroborate
    —— 2,3,5,4'‐tetrahydroxystilbene‐2‐O‐β‐D‐glucoside 55327-45-2 C20H22O9
    2,3,5,4'‐tetrahydroxystilbene‐2‐O‐β‐D‐glucoside
    —— magnesium glutamate 18543-68-5 C5H7NO4*Mg
    magnesium glutamate
    —— epothilone A 152044-53-6 C26H39NO6S
    epothilone A
    —— cis-Merocyanine 540 62796-23-0 C26H32N3O6S2*Na
    cis-Merocyanine 540
    —— 7-(O-6-deoxy-α-L-mannpyranosyl-(1→2)-[O-6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxo-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 260413-62-5 C33H40O18
    7-(O-6-deoxy-α-L-mannpyranosyl-(1→2)-[O-6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxo-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— Fmoc-pentafluorophenylalanine 205526-32-5 C24H16F5NO4
    Fmoc-pentafluorophenylalanine
    —— flavopiridol hydrochloride 131740-09-5 C21H20ClNO5*ClH
    flavopiridol hydrochloride
    —— (±)-cis-3-(9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl)aminobicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid 352707-75-6 C23H23NO4
    (±)-cis-3-(9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl)aminobicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 4-(((2S,4R)-1-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-5-ethoxy-4-methyl-5-oxopentan-2-yl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid 149709-62-6 C24H29NO5
    4-(((2S,4R)-1-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-5-ethoxy-4-methyl-5-oxopentan-2-yl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid
    —— Asp-Trp 71835-79-5 C15H17N3O5
    Asp-Trp
    —— lanreotide acetate 127984-74-1 C2H4O2*C54H69N11O10S2
    lanreotide acetate
    —— gomisin H 66056-20-0 C23H30O7
    gomisin H
    —— T16Ainh-A01 552309-42-9 C19H20N4O3S2
    T16Ainh-A01
    —— RTA 405 932730-51-3 C33H46N2O3
    RTA 405
    —— hydroxyoxoindolylalanine 184955-21-3 C11H12N2O4
    hydroxyoxoindolylalanine
    —— 2-azido-2-deoxy-D-glucose 56883-39-7 C6H11N3O5
    2-azido-2-deoxy-D-glucose
    —— DL-nebivolol hydrochloride 152520-56-4 C22H25F2NO4*ClH
    DL-nebivolol hydrochloride
    —— sarcosine t-butyl ester hydrochloride 5616-81-9 C7H16NO2*Cl
    sarcosine t-butyl ester hydrochloride
    —— E-(Boc)lysine 2418-95-3 C11H22N2O4
    E-(Boc)lysine
    —— 1-(2-methylbenzoxazol-6-yl)-3-(1,5-naphthyridin-4-yl)urea 249889-64-3 C17H13N5O2
    1-(2-methylbenzoxazol-6-yl)-3-(1,5-naphthyridin-4-yl)urea
    —— 2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-(4-(2-morpholino-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-1-yl)acetamide 881375-00-4 C33H34N4O4S
    2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-(4-(2-morpholino-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-1-yl)acetamide
    —— 7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 26544-34-3 C26H28O14
    7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— L(+)-Arabinose, 99+% 87-72-9 C5H10O5
    L(+)-Arabinose, 99+%
    —— [(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S,7S,8R,13R,14R,17S)-8-acetyloxy-5,7,14-trihydroxy-6,16,18-trimethoxy-13-(methoxymethyl)-11-methyl-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.12,5.01,10.03,8.013,17]nonadecan-4-yl] benzoate 2752-64-9 C33H45NO11
    [(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S,7S,8R,13R,14R,17S)-8-acetyloxy-5,7,14-trihydroxy-6,16,18-trimethoxy-13-(methoxymethyl)-11-methyl-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.12,5.01,10.03,8.013,17]nonadecan-4-yl] benzoate
    —— Trimethyl-[2-[4-oxo-4-[2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethoxy]butanoyl]oxyethyl]azanium;chloride;hydrate 6101-15-1 C14H32ClN2O5+
    Trimethyl-[2-[4-oxo-4-[2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethoxy]butanoyl]oxyethyl]azanium;chloride;hydrate
    —— Morphinan-6-one, 4,5-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxy-17-(2-propenyl)-,hydrochloride, dihydrate, (5a)- 51481-60-8 C19H24ClNO5
    Morphinan-6-one, 4,5-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxy-17-(2-propenyl)-,hydrochloride, dihydrate, (5a)-
    —— Crebtide 149155-45-3 C73H129N29O19
    Crebtide
    —— (1S,4R,9R,11S)-9-tert-butyl-7,9-dihydroxy-3,5,12-trioxatetracyclo[6.6.0.01,11.04,8]tetradecane-2,6,13-trione 33570-04-6 C15H18O8
    (1S,4R,9R,11S)-9-tert-butyl-7,9-dihydroxy-3,5,12-trioxatetracyclo[6.6.0.01,11.04,8]tetradecane-2,6,13-trione
    —— H-Ser-gly-gln-ser-trp-arg-pro-gln-gly-arg-phe-NH2 127122-98-9 C57H85N21O15
    H-Ser-gly-gln-ser-trp-arg-pro-gln-gly-arg-phe-NH2
    —— Dynorphin B 85006-82-2 C74H115N21O17
    Dynorphin B
    —— Blasticidine S hydrochloride 3513-03-9 C17H27ClN8O5
    Blasticidine S hydrochloride
    —— 1-Piperazineacetamide, 4-((3-(7-chloro-1-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)methyl)- 1050478-18-6 C23H29ClN6O3
    1-Piperazineacetamide, 4-((3-(7-chloro-1-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)methyl)-
    —— (2R)-2-phenyl-2-[(2R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyacetonitrile 29883-15-6 C20H27NO11
    (2R)-2-phenyl-2-[(2R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyacetonitrile
    —— (R)-3-Amino-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)butanoic acid hydrochloride 332061-66-2 C10H12Cl3NO2
    (R)-3-Amino-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)butanoic acid hydrochloride
    —— Silydianin 29782-68-1 C25H22O10
    Silydianin
    —— L-Tyrosine disodium salt hydrate 69847-45-6 C18H20N2Na2O6
    L-Tyrosine disodium salt hydrate
    —— (R)-Dimethyl pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate 374077-91-5 C8H13NO4
    (R)-Dimethyl pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate