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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 5-chloro-N-(3-chloropropyl)-2-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}aniline 1100794-82-8 C16H14Cl2F3NS
5-chloro-N-(3-chloropropyl)-2-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}aniline
—— hex-2-ene-3-thiol 25946-20-7 C6H12S
hex-2-ene-3-thiol
—— 3-methyl-2,2-bis(methylthio)cyclohexanone 77412-93-2 C9H16OS2
3-methyl-2,2-bis(methylthio)cyclohexanone
—— ethanesulphonyl isocyanate 14604-85-4 C3H5NO3S
ethanesulphonyl isocyanate
—— 2-Methylcyclohexanone ethylene dithioacetal 31404-11-2 C9H16S2
2-Methylcyclohexanone ethylene dithioacetal
—— 2-(1-naphthylthio)-5-chloro-N-(3-chloropropyl)aniline 1100794-76-0 C19H17Cl2NS
2-(1-naphthylthio)-5-chloro-N-(3-chloropropyl)aniline
—— 5-chloro-2-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}aniline 1100794-68-0 C13H9ClF3NS
5-chloro-2-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}aniline
—— 5-chloro-2-(2-naphthylthio)aniline 1100794-65-7 C16H12ClNS
5-chloro-2-(2-naphthylthio)aniline
—— 2-(2-naphthylthio)-5-chloro-N-(3-chloropropyl)aniline 1100794-77-1 C19H17Cl2NS
2-(2-naphthylthio)-5-chloro-N-(3-chloropropyl)aniline
—— 5-chloro-2-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}aniline 1100794-71-5 C13H9ClF3NS
5-chloro-2-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}aniline
—— 5-chloro-2-(1-naphthylthio)aniline 1100794-64-6 C16H12ClNS
5-chloro-2-(1-naphthylthio)aniline
—— 5-chloro-N-(3-chloropropyl)-2-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}aniline 1100794-84-0 C16H14Cl2F3NS
5-chloro-N-(3-chloropropyl)-2-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}aniline
—— (RS)-1-phenylthiopentan-3-ol 84547-45-5 C11H16OS
(RS)-1-phenylthiopentan-3-ol
—— 2-(phenylthio)benzo[d]oxazole 123773-64-8 C13H9NOS
2-(phenylthio)benzo[d]oxazole
—— 2-Methylsulfanylbutan-1-ol 137946-09-9 C5H12OS
2-Methylsulfanylbutan-1-ol
—— Antimony(5+);[4-(4-diphenylsulfoniophenyl)sulfanylphenyl]-diphenylsulfanium;dodecafluoride —— C36H28F12S3Sb2
Antimony(5+);[4-(4-diphenylsulfoniophenyl)sulfanylphenyl]-diphenylsulfanium;dodecafluoride
—— 2-methoxy-5-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)sulfanyl]aniline 1370263-14-1 C16H19NO4S
2-methoxy-5-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)sulfanyl]aniline
—— 2-(phenylthio)butan-1-ol 61829-49-0 C10H14OS
2-(phenylthio)butan-1-ol
—— 3-methyl-2-(phenylthio)butanenitrile 89278-07-9 C11H13NS
3-methyl-2-(phenylthio)butanenitrile
—— perdeuteriated trimethylsulfonium iodide 106776-17-4 C3H9S*I
perdeuteriated trimethylsulfonium iodide
—— 5,5-(propane-1',3'-dithio)-6-methyl heptan-3-ol 117365-70-5 C11H22OS2
5,5-(propane-1',3'-dithio)-6-methyl heptan-3-ol
—— [n-BuSn(methylthiomethyl)3] 375842-85-6 C10H24S3Sn
[n-BuSn(methylthiomethyl)3]
—— 5-(phenylthio)oct-6-yn-3-ol 333347-40-3 C14H18OS
5-(phenylthio)oct-6-yn-3-ol
—— 1-(p-Chlorphenylthio)-2-butanol 55010-07-6 C10H13ClOS
1-(p-Chlorphenylthio)-2-butanol
—— 5-methyl-4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxo-6-phenyl-2H-pyran-3-carbonitrile 864370-33-2 C14H11NO2S
5-methyl-4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxo-6-phenyl-2H-pyran-3-carbonitrile
—— 1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-nitro-1-butene 717-97-5 C11H13NO2S
1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-nitro-1-butene
—— 1-phenylthio-1-nitropropane 112921-74-1 C9H11NO2S
1-phenylthio-1-nitropropane
—— 4-Chlorbutandithiosaeure-methylester 127064-48-6 C5H9ClS2
4-Chlorbutandithiosaeure-methylester
—— 2-Chlor-3-(4-chlor-phenylmercapto)-propionitril 1012-24-4 C9H7Cl2NS
2-Chlor-3-(4-chlor-phenylmercapto)-propionitril
—— 4-methyl-2-(phenylthio)phenol 59010-79-6 C13H12OS
4-methyl-2-(phenylthio)phenol
—— 2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-1,4-oxathiin 102363-66-6 C9H10OS
2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-1,4-oxathiin
—— methyl (2-(1-methoxymethyl)-2-(phenylthio)imidazol-5-yl)glyoxylate 219817-91-1 C14H14N2O4S
methyl (2-(1-methoxymethyl)-2-(phenylthio)imidazol-5-yl)glyoxylate
—— 5-Amino-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-7-one 149221-61-4 C7H9N3OS
5-Amino-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-7-one
—— Methyl2-carbamothioyl-2,2-dimethylacetate 114019-01-1 C6H11NO2S
Methyl2-carbamothioyl-2,2-dimethylacetate
—— methyl 2-(1-methyl-1H-2-phenylthioimidazol-5-yl)glyoxylate 244086-68-8 C13H12N2O3S
methyl 2-(1-methyl-1H-2-phenylthioimidazol-5-yl)glyoxylate
—— Spiro[1,2,4,5,6,7-hexahydroindene-3,2'-1,3-dithiolane] 154874-19-8 C11H16S2
Spiro[1,2,4,5,6,7-hexahydroindene-3,2'-1,3-dithiolane]
—— 1-(methoxymethyl)-2-(phenylthio)-1H-imidazole 67319-05-5 C11H12N2OS
1-(methoxymethyl)-2-(phenylthio)-1H-imidazole
—— dimethyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(2,3-dimethylphenyl) ester 935534-93-3 C11H15NOS
dimethyl-thiocarbamic acid S-(2,3-dimethylphenyl) ester
—— 4-Methylcyclohexanonaethylenthioacetal 41158-95-6 C9H16S2
4-Methylcyclohexanonaethylenthioacetal
—— methyl 4-hydroxy-α-oxo-6H-thieno[2,3-b]-thiopyran-5-acetate 67743-73-1 C10H8O4S2
methyl 4-hydroxy-α-oxo-6H-thieno[2,3-b]-thiopyran-5-acetate
—— 4-amino-2-phenylthiomethylpyrimidine 84544-87-6 C11H11N3S
4-amino-2-phenylthiomethylpyrimidine
—— 2-chloro-2-(2'-thiopyridyl)-butanitrile 145144-74-7 C16H15ClN2S
2-chloro-2-(2'-thiopyridyl)-butanitrile
—— 3-t-butyl-1-(dimethylcarbamoyl)-5-(methylthio)pyrazole 76697-07-9 C11H19N3OS
3-t-butyl-1-(dimethylcarbamoyl)-5-(methylthio)pyrazole
—— 1,3-bis(phenylthio)-4-(trimethylsilyl)but-1-ene 317342-96-4 C19H24S2Si
1,3-bis(phenylthio)-4-(trimethylsilyl)but-1-ene
—— 2-Chlor-3-phenylmercapto-propionitril 1424-49-3 C9H8ClNS
2-Chlor-3-phenylmercapto-propionitril
—— 7-methyl-1,4-dithiaspiro<4,4>non-6-ene 76793-90-3 C8H12S2
7-methyl-1,4-dithiaspiro<4,4>non-6-ene
—— 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl mercaptan 91761-85-2 C10H20S
4-tert-butylcyclohexyl mercaptan
—— 6,7-dihydro-5H-thieno<2,3-b>thiepin-4-one 173548-99-7 C8H8OS2
6,7-dihydro-5H-thieno<2,3-b>thiepin-4-one
—— 4-tert-butyl-2-phenylsulfanylcyclohexanone 63608-45-7 C16H22OS
4-tert-butyl-2-phenylsulfanylcyclohexanone
—— 4-(tert-butyl)-2,2-di(methylthio)cyclohexanone 62911-67-5 C12H22OS2
4-(tert-butyl)-2,2-di(methylthio)cyclohexanone