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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 3-[(2-cyclopentylacetyl)-(cyclopropylmethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H38N2O7
    3-[(2-cyclopentylacetyl)-(cyclopropylmethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cycloheptyl(5-oxohexanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H38N2O6
    3-[cycloheptyl(5-oxohexanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[benzyl(butanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H34N2O7
    3-[benzyl(butanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[benzyl(octanoyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C32H40N2O7
    3-[benzyl(octanoyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3-methoxypropanoyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C23H29F3N2O8
    4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3-methoxypropanoyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[1-adamantylmethyl(butanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C30H40N2O5
    3-[1-adamantylmethyl(butanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[benzyl(3-methylbut-2-enoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C27H30N2O5
    3-[benzyl(3-methylbut-2-enoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl-(oxolane-2-carbonyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C30H34N2O8
    8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl-(oxolane-2-carbonyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3-methylbut-2-enoyl-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C30H36N2O7
    4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3-methylbut-2-enoyl-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)propan-1-amine —— C14H21NO3S
    (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)propan-1-amine
    —— (3S)-3-(2-methylsulfonylethylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C11H15NO4S
    (3S)-3-(2-methylsulfonylethylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)ethanamine —— C13H19NO3S
    (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)ethanamine
    —— (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)propan-1-amine —— C14H21NO3S
    (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)propan-1-amine
    —— 3-[(2-cyclopentylacetyl)-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H39N3O6
    3-[(2-cyclopentylacetyl)-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)ethanamine —— C13H19NO3S
    (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)ethanamine
    —— (3R)-3-(2-methylsulfonylethylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C11H15NO4S
    (3R)-3-(2-methylsulfonylethylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-propanoylamino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C27H29FN2O7
    3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-propanoylamino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (3R)-3-(2-cyclohexylethylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C16H23NO2
    (3R)-3-(2-cyclohexylethylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— (3S)-3-(2-cyclopentylethylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C15H21NO2
    (3S)-3-(2-cyclopentylethylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— (1S)-N-(2-cyclopentylethyl)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethanamine —— C17H25NO
    (1S)-N-(2-cyclopentylethyl)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethanamine
    —— (3S)-3-(2-cyclohexylethylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C16H23NO2
    (3S)-3-(2-cyclohexylethylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— (1R)-N-(2-cyclopentylethyl)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethanamine —— C17H25NO
    (1R)-N-(2-cyclopentylethyl)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethanamine
    —— (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]propan-1-amine —— C16H23NO2
    (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]propan-1-amine
    —— N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-1-[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methanamine —— C14H19NO2
    N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-1-[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methanamine
    —— (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]propan-1-amine —— C16H23NO2
    (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]propan-1-amine
    —— (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]ethanamine —— C15H21NO2
    (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]ethanamine
    —— (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]propan-1-amine —— C16H23NO2
    (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]propan-1-amine
    —— (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]ethanamine —— C15H21NO2
    (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]ethanamine
    —— (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]ethanamine —— C15H21NO2
    (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methyl]ethanamine
    —— 3-[benzyl(cyclobutanecarbonyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C29H32N2O7
    3-[benzyl(cyclobutanecarbonyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (3R)-3-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methylamino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C13H17NO3
    (3R)-3-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methylamino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— (3S)-3-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methylamino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C13H17NO3
    (3S)-3-[[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methylamino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— (3S)-3-[[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methylamino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C13H17NO3
    (3S)-3-[[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methylamino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— 3-[furan-3-ylmethyl(2-methylpropanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C24H28N2O6
    3-[furan-3-ylmethyl(2-methylpropanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclohexylmethyl-(2-methoxyacetyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C25H34N2O6
    3-[cyclohexylmethyl-(2-methoxyacetyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-(2-methylpropanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H33FN2O7
    3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-(2-methylpropanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-pent-4-enoylamino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C29H31FN2O7
    3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-pent-4-enoylamino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[butanoyl-[2-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C30H38N2O8
    3-[butanoyl-[2-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[3-cyclopentylpropanoyl(3-ethoxypropyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C30H44N2O8
    3-[3-cyclopentylpropanoyl(3-ethoxypropyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl-(2-oxobutanoyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H29ClN2O8
    3-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl-(2-oxobutanoyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclopropanecarbonyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C23H25F3N2O7
    3-[cyclopropanecarbonyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[1-adamantylmethyl-(2-ethoxyacetyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C30H40N2O6
    3-[1-adamantylmethyl-(2-ethoxyacetyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[5-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]propanoic acid —— C13H12N2O4
    3-[5-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]propanoic acid
    —— 3-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl-octanoylamino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C32H41ClN2O7
    3-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl-octanoylamino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclopentanecarbonyl(furan-3-ylmethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H34N2O8
    3-[cyclopentanecarbonyl(furan-3-ylmethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[acetyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C21H25F3N2O7
    3-[acetyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl-(2-cyclopentylacetyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C31H35ClN2O7
    3-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl-(2-cyclopentylacetyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl-octanoylamino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C30H37FN2O5
    3-[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl-octanoylamino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3-methylbut-2-enoyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C24H27F3N2O7
    8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3-methylbut-2-enoyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[2-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl-(2-oxobutanoyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C30H36N2O9
    4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[2-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl-(2-oxobutanoyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide