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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 1-[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-YL)ethyl]-3-(2-methyloxolan-3-YL)urea —— C16H22N2O3
    1-[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-YL)ethyl]-3-(2-methyloxolan-3-YL)urea
    —— N'-[1-(azepan-1-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboximidamide —— C18H25N3O3
    N'-[1-(azepan-1-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboximidamide
    —— N-[(5-Methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-YL)methyl]-3-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-amine —— C14H17N3O2S
    N-[(5-Methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-YL)methyl]-3-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-amine
    —— N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1-piperidin-4-yltriazole-4-carboxamide;hydrochloride —— C17H22ClN5O2
    N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1-piperidin-4-yltriazole-4-carboxamide;hydrochloride
    —— N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1-piperidin-4-yltriazole-4-carboxamide —— C17H21N5O2
    N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1-piperidin-4-yltriazole-4-carboxamide
    —— (E)-3-[2-[(E)-2-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)ethenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]prop-2-enoic acid —— C18H17NO4S
    (E)-3-[2-[(E)-2-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)ethenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]prop-2-enoic acid
    —— N-(1,2-oxazol-3-ylmethylsulfonyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C13H12N2O5S
    N-(1,2-oxazol-3-ylmethylsulfonyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-2-[(2-sulfanylidene-3H-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]acetamide —— C12H11N3O2S3
    N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-2-[(2-sulfanylidene-3H-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]acetamide
    —— 3-(6,7-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-1-methyl-1-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylmethyl)urea —— C20H25N3O2S
    3-(6,7-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-1-methyl-1-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylmethyl)urea
    —— 5,6-dimethyl-N-[[1-(methylsulfonylmethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C17H23NO4S
    5,6-dimethyl-N-[[1-(methylsulfonylmethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— N'-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbohydrazide —— C15H12F3N3O2
    N'-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbohydrazide
    —— (2-Cyclohexyliminopyridin-1-yl)-(7-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methanone —— C20H21FN2O2
    (2-Cyclohexyliminopyridin-1-yl)-(7-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methanone
    —— (4E)-1-benzyl-4-[hydroxy(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-5-(thiophen-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C25H21NO4S
    (4E)-1-benzyl-4-[hydroxy(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-5-(thiophen-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— N-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methylsulfonyl]-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C16H15ClN2O4S
    N-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methylsulfonyl]-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— 1-(6,7-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-3-[(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)methyl]urea —— C16H19N3O3
    1-(6,7-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-3-[(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)methyl]urea
    —— 5-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[5-(2-methylpropyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide —— C18H20N6O2
    5-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[5-(2-methylpropyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide
    —— 1-((1-(1-((2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)azetidin-3-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-2-one —— C18H21N5O4S
    1-((1-(1-((2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)azetidin-3-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-2-one
    —— 2-((2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)oxy)-1-(3-(4-(phenoxymethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl)ethanone —— C24H26N4O4
    2-((2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)oxy)-1-(3-(4-(phenoxymethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl)ethanone
    —— N-((2-(thiophen-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)methyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-sulfonamide —— C18H16N2O3S2
    N-((2-(thiophen-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)methyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-sulfonamide
    —— 3-((1-((2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)piperidin-3-yl)oxy)pyridazine —— C17H19N3O4S
    3-((1-((2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)piperidin-3-yl)oxy)pyridazine
    —— 2-((1-((2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)oxy)-3-methoxypyrazine —— C17H19N3O5S
    2-((1-((2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)oxy)-3-methoxypyrazine
    —— 3-((1-((2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)oxy)-6-methylpyridazine —— C17H19N3O4S
    3-((1-((2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)oxy)-6-methylpyridazine
    —— N-((1r,4r)-4-((5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy)cyclohexyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-sulfonamide —— C18H20FN3O4S
    N-((1r,4r)-4-((5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy)cyclohexyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-sulfonamide
    —— 2-((1-((2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)oxy)pyrazine —— C16H17N3O4S
    2-((1-((2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)oxy)pyrazine
    —— 3-((1-((2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)oxy)pyrazine-2-carbonitrile —— C17H16N4O4S
    3-((1-((2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)oxy)pyrazine-2-carbonitrile
    —— N-((1r,4r)-4-(pyrazin-2-yloxy)cyclohexyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-sulfonamide —— C18H21N3O4S
    N-((1r,4r)-4-(pyrazin-2-yloxy)cyclohexyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-sulfonamide
    —— [(3S)-6-[[7-(2-aminoanilino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] propanoate —— C27H24F3N3O5
    [(3S)-6-[[7-(2-aminoanilino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] propanoate
    —— [1-[2-[[4-[(5-fluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methoxy]phenyl]methyl]-2-methylbutanoyl]-5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl]methyl-methyl-methylidenephosphanium —— C30H38FNO4P+
    [1-[2-[[4-[(5-fluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methoxy]phenyl]methyl]-2-methylbutanoyl]-5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl]methyl-methyl-methylidenephosphanium
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,6-dimethyl-4-propoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C29H31NO8
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,6-dimethyl-4-propoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— (S)-8-Acetyl-6,9-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6b-methyl-1,7-dioxo-6b,7-dihydro-1H-4,11-dioxa-2-aza-benzo[a]fluorene-2-carboxylic acid(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-amide —— C23H20N2O7
    (S)-8-Acetyl-6,9-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6b-methyl-1,7-dioxo-6b,7-dihydro-1H-4,11-dioxa-2-aza-benzo[a]fluorene-2-carboxylic acid(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-amide
    —— 3a,8b-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-2-yl hydrogen carbonate —— C12H10O4
    3a,8b-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-2-yl hydrogen carbonate
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C24H19F2NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— [(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]methanol;ethane —— C11H16O2
    [(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]methanol;ethane
    —— 1-[7-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine —— C17H19NO2
    1-[7-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine
    —— 9-Fluoro-7-methoxy-3,4,12-trimethyl-1,2,4,7a-tetrahydro-[1]benzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline —— C19H22FNO2
    9-Fluoro-7-methoxy-3,4,12-trimethyl-1,2,4,7a-tetrahydro-[1]benzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline
    —— 1-[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one —— C14H17NO3
    1-[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-N-[1-(6-oxo-4-pyrimidin-4-yl-1H-pyrimidin-2-yl)ethyl]-3H-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C21H21N5O3
    2,2-dimethyl-N-[1-(6-oxo-4-pyrimidin-4-yl-1H-pyrimidin-2-yl)ethyl]-3H-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— N-(3-morpholin-4-ylpropyl)-1-oxido-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,2-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-1-ium-3-imine —— C16H23N5O3
    N-(3-morpholin-4-ylpropyl)-1-oxido-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,2-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-1-ium-3-imine
    —— [(3R)-4,6,7-trimethyl-3-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]urea —— C21H26N2O2
    [(3R)-4,6,7-trimethyl-3-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]urea
    —— 3-ethyl-6-fluoro-3-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran —— C11H13FO
    3-ethyl-6-fluoro-3-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile;ethane —— C11H13NO
    2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile;ethane
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C24H19F2NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— Ethane;5-methoxy-6-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H22O2
    Ethane;5-methoxy-6-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— N-[[(1R,2R)-2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)cyclopropyl]methyl]propanamide;ethane —— C17H25NO2
    N-[[(1R,2R)-2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)cyclopropyl]methyl]propanamide;ethane
    —— [5-chloro-7-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C24H22ClNO3
    [5-chloro-7-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— 1-[(E)-(3-methoxyimino-5-methyl-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene)amino]oxy-2-methylpropan-2-ol —— C14H18N2O4
    1-[(E)-(3-methoxyimino-5-methyl-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene)amino]oxy-2-methylpropan-2-ol
    —— [7-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzylcarbamate —— C23H20ClNO3
    [7-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzylcarbamate
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[[4-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]-2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl]methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C35H33Cl2NO8
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[[4-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]-2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl]methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— (3R,4aR,9bS)-7-ethoxy-6-fluoro-3-pent-1-enyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydrodibenzofuran —— C19H25FO2
    (3R,4aR,9bS)-7-ethoxy-6-fluoro-3-pent-1-enyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydrodibenzofuran
    —— (2S)-N-[1-(5,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]-2-hydroxypropanamide —— C15H18Cl2N2O3
    (2S)-N-[1-(5,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]-2-hydroxypropanamide