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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (1S,3R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3,5,5-trimethylhexan-1-amine —— C17H27NO
    (1S,3R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3,5,5-trimethylhexan-1-amine
    —— (1S,3S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3,5,5-trimethylhexan-1-amine —— C17H27NO
    (1S,3S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3,5,5-trimethylhexan-1-amine
    —— (1R,3S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3,5,5-trimethylhexan-1-amine —— C17H27NO
    (1R,3S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3,5,5-trimethylhexan-1-amine
    —— (R)-(4-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methanamine —— C16H16BrNO
    (R)-(4-bromo-2-methylphenyl)-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methanamine
    —— 3-[acetyl(benzyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C26H30N2O7
    3-[acetyl(benzyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[benzyl(3-methylbut-2-enoyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C29H32N2O7
    3-[benzyl(3-methylbut-2-enoyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[acetyl(1-adamantylmethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H36N2O5
    3-[acetyl(1-adamantylmethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (3S)-4,6-dichloro-N-ethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C10H11Cl2NO
    (3S)-4,6-dichloro-N-ethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— (3R)-4,6-dichloro-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C9H9Cl2NO
    (3R)-4,6-dichloro-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— (3R)-4,6-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C8H7Cl2NO
    (3R)-4,6-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— (3S)-4,6-dichloro-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C9H9Cl2NO
    (3S)-4,6-dichloro-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— 2-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]-N-[(2R)-5-methylhexan-2-yl]acetamide —— C19H29NO3
    2-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]-N-[(2R)-5-methylhexan-2-yl]acetamide
    —— 2-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]-N-[(2S)-5-methylhexan-2-yl]acetamide —— C19H29NO3
    2-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]-N-[(2S)-5-methylhexan-2-yl]acetamide
    —— (3R)-3-[[(2R)-heptan-2-yl]amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C15H23NO2
    (3R)-3-[[(2R)-heptan-2-yl]amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— (3S)-3-[[(2S)-heptan-2-yl]amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C15H23NO2
    (3S)-3-[[(2S)-heptan-2-yl]amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— 4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-[pent-4-enoyl(3-propan-2-yloxypropyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C26H36N2O6
    4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-[pent-4-enoyl(3-propan-2-yloxypropyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclobutanecarbonyl(hexyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C26H36N2O5
    3-[cyclobutanecarbonyl(hexyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclobutanecarbonyl(cyclopropylmethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C26H34N2O7
    3-[cyclobutanecarbonyl(cyclopropylmethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (1R,2R)-2-amino-1-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-1-ol —— C15H23NO3
    (1R,2R)-2-amino-1-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-1-ol
    —— (2R)-1-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-2-amine —— C15H23NO2
    (2R)-1-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-2-amine
    —— (1R,2S)-2-amino-1-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-1-ol —— C15H23NO3
    (1R,2S)-2-amino-1-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-1-ol
    —— (2R)-1-[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-2-amine —— C15H23NO2
    (2R)-1-[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-2-amine
    —— (1S,2S)-2-amino-1-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-1-ol —— C15H23NO3
    (1S,2S)-2-amino-1-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-1-ol
    —— (1S,2R)-2-amino-1-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-1-ol —— C15H23NO3
    (1S,2R)-2-amino-1-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-1-ol
    —— (2S)-1-[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-2-amine —— C15H23NO2
    (2S)-1-[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]butan-2-amine
    —— 2,2,4-Trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C12H15NO2
    2,2,4-Trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— 2-[[(3R)-6-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]amino]ethanesulfonamide —— C10H14N2O4S
    2-[[(3R)-6-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]amino]ethanesulfonamide
    —— (3R)-3-[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C13H15N3O2
    (3R)-3-[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— N-[(1S)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]acetamide —— C20H22ClNO3
    N-[(1S)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]acetamide
    —— N-(2-decyl-5-methyl-1-benzofuran-3-ylidene)hydroxylamine —— C19H29NO2
    N-(2-decyl-5-methyl-1-benzofuran-3-ylidene)hydroxylamine
    —— 4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3-methylbutyl(pent-4-enoyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C27H38N2O7
    4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3-methylbutyl(pent-4-enoyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl-(oxolane-3-carbonyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C29H32Cl2N2O8
    3-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl-(oxolane-3-carbonyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 2-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]-N-[(2S)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]acetamide —— C17H25NO3
    2-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]-N-[(2S)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]acetamide
    —— 2-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]-N-[(2R)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]acetamide —— C17H25NO3
    2-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]-N-[(2R)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]acetamide
    —— 3-[2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl-hept-6-enoylamino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C32H37FN2O7
    3-[2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl-hept-6-enoylamino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— N-(3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)-2-[5-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]acetamide —— C20H22N4O3
    N-(3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)-2-[5-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]acetamide
    —— N-(3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)-2-[5-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]acetamide —— C20H22N4O3
    N-(3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)-2-[5-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]acetamide
    —— 8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[5-oxohexanoyl(3-propan-2-yloxypropyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C29H40N2O9
    8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[5-oxohexanoyl(3-propan-2-yloxypropyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[1-adamantylmethyl(3-methylbutanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C33H46N2O7
    3-[1-adamantylmethyl(3-methylbutanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(2-ethoxyacetyl)-(3-ethoxypropyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C26H38N2O9
    3-[(2-ethoxyacetyl)-(3-ethoxypropyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[1-adamantylmethyl(2-methylpropanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C32H44N2O7
    3-[1-adamantylmethyl(2-methylpropanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[acetyl(1-adamantylmethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C30H40N2O7
    3-[acetyl(1-adamantylmethyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl]-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C24H30N2O3
    (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl]-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-prop-2-ynyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C14H15NO2
    (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-prop-2-ynyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— (2S,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-N-prop-2-ynyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C14H15NO2
    (2S,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-N-prop-2-ynyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— azepan-1-yl-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanone —— C15H19NO2
    azepan-1-yl-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanone
    —— (2R,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-prop-2-ynyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C14H15NO2
    (2R,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-prop-2-ynyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— 4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-[2-oxobutanoyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C21H23F3N2O6
    4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-[2-oxobutanoyl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[hexyl(3-methoxypropanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C27H40N2O8
    3-[hexyl(3-methoxypropanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclopropanecarbonyl(hexyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C27H36N2O7
    3-[cyclopropanecarbonyl(hexyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide