苯甲酸酐又称苯酸酐。分子式为C₁₄H₁₀O₃,分子量为226.24。从苯和石油醚的混合溶液中析出者为无色至白色正交晶系双锥棱柱状结晶,熔点43℃,沸点360℃,分别在218℃(2.67kPa)和180℃(0.67kPa)时分解。相对密度为1.1989(15/4℃),折光率为1.5767(15℃)。在石油醚中UV λmax分别为238nm、277nm。溶于醇、醚、氯仿、丙醇、冰乙酸、苯;几乎不溶于水。在冷水和冷的碱性水溶液中稳定,能被沸腾的碱金属碳酸盐或苛性碱水解为苯甲酸,与氨或胺反应生成苯甲酰胺,与醇作用生成苯甲酸酯,可被LiAlH₄还原为苄醇。
用途苯甲酸酐是有机合成中间体,广泛用于制药、染料、防腐剂、苯酰化剂及软化剂。此外,它也可用作某些聚合物的添加剂和软化剂。
生产方法苯甲酸酐由苯甲酸与乙酐反应制得。具体步骤如下:将苯甲酸、乙酐和糖浆状磷酸一起蒸馏反应,温度不超过120℃。蒸出一定量馏分后,向反应混合物中补加乙酐并重复此操作。然后继续蒸馏直至反应物温度达到270℃。之后,在2.53-2.67kPa的压力下进行减压分馏,并收集210-220℃的馏分作为苯甲酸酐粗品,通过重结晶得到成品。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
苯甲酸苄酯 | benzoic acid benzyl ester | 120-51-4 | C14H12O2 | 212.248 |
—— | benzoic acid-(4-bromo-benzoic acid )-anhydride | 75474-04-3 | C14H9BrO3 | 305.128 |
—— | 3,5-dimethylbenzoic anhydride | 25569-79-3 | C18H18O3 | 282.339 |
乙酸苯甲酸酐 | benzoyl acetate | 2819-08-1 | C9H8O3 | 164.161 |
苯甲酸乙酯 | benzoic acid ethyl ester | 93-89-0 | C9H10O2 | 150.177 |
苯甲酸烯丙酯 | vinyl benzoate | 583-04-0 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
—— | Ethyl benzoyl carbonate | 3741-66-0 | C10H10O4 | 194.187 |
叔丁基苯甲酸 | benzoic acid tert-butyl ester | 774-65-2 | C11H14O2 | 178.231 |
二苯甲酸亚甲基酯 | bis(benzoyloxy)methane | 5342-31-4 | C15H12O4 | 256.258 |
苯甲酸 | benzoic acid | 65-85-0 | C7H6O2 | 122.123 |
苯甲酸-Alpha-13C | 1-(13C)benzoic acid | 3880-99-7 | C7H6O2 | 123.112 |
—— | benzoic acid isopropenyl ester | 13893-90-8 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
二苄醚 | Benzyl ether | 103-50-4 | C14H14O | 198.265 |
1-苯甲酰氧基-1-甲氧基-乙烯 | 1-benzoyloxy-1-methoxy-ethene | 13253-77-5 | C10H10O3 | 178.188 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
苯甲酸苄酯 | benzoic acid benzyl ester | 120-51-4 | C14H12O2 | 212.248 |
(4-甲基苯基)甲基苯甲酸酯 | 4-methylbenzyl benzoate | 38418-10-9 | C15H14O2 | 226.275 |
—— | methyl 4-benzoyloxymethylbenzoate | 24318-47-6 | C16H14O4 | 270.285 |
—— | 4-bromobenzyl benzoate | 38612-13-4 | C14H11BrO2 | 291.144 |
4-氯苄基苯甲酸酯 | 4-chlorobenzyl benzoate | 20386-93-0 | C14H11ClO2 | 246.693 |
—— | naphthalen-2-ylmethyl benzoate | 38418-15-4 | C18H14O2 | 262.308 |
—— | (pyridin-4-yl)methyl benzoate | 46721-93-1 | C13H11NO2 | 213.236 |
苯甲酸甲酯 | benzoic acid methyl ester | 93-58-3 | C8H8O2 | 136.15 |
—— | p-methoxybenzyl benzoate | 24318-41-0 | C15H14O3 | 242.274 |
乙酸苯甲酸酐 | benzoyl acetate | 2819-08-1 | C9H8O3 | 164.161 |
—— | naphthalen-1-ylmethyl benzoate | 17238-11-8 | C18H14O2 | 262.308 |
—— | [1,1'-biphenyl]-4-ylmethyl benzoate | 38418-12-1 | C20H16O2 | 288.346 |
苯酐 | phthalic anhydride | 85-44-9 | C8H4O3 | 148.118 |
苯甲酸乙烯酯 | vinyl benzoate | 769-78-8 | C9H8O2 | 148.161 |
苯甲酸乙酯 | benzoic acid ethyl ester | 93-89-0 | C9H10O2 | 150.177 |
—— | (-)-(S)-1-Phenylethyl benzoate | 57473-79-7 | C15H14O2 | 226.275 |
—— | 1-phenylethyl benzoate | 13358-49-1 | C15H14O2 | 226.275 |
—— | 3-methoxybenzyl benzoate | 24318-44-3 | C15H14O3 | 242.274 |
—— | 4-(acetamido)benzoic benzoic anhydride | —— | C16H13NO4 | 283.284 |
苯甲酸异丙酯 | isopropyl benzoate | 939-48-0 | C10H12O2 | 164.204 |
苯甲酸烯丙酯 | vinyl benzoate | 583-04-0 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
—— | benzoyloxy-methylsulfanyl-methane | 19207-88-6 | C9H10O2S | 182.243 |
(4-硝基苯基)苯甲酸甲酯 | 4-nitrobenzyl benzoate | 4457-41-4 | C14H11NO4 | 257.246 |
—— | diphenylmethyl benzoate | 7515-28-8 | C20H16O2 | 288.346 |
2-溴乙基苯甲酸酯 | 2-bromoethyl benzoate | 939-54-8 | C9H9BrO2 | 229.073 |
苯酸炔丙酯 | propargyl benzoate | 6750-04-5 | C10H8O2 | 160.172 |
—— | crotyl benzoate | —— | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
—— | trans-2-butenyl benzoate | 88927-00-8 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
—— | (Z)-crotyl benzoate | 104664-93-9 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
苯甲酸乙二酯 | 1,2-ethanediol, dibenzoate | 94-49-5 | C16H14O4 | 270.285 |
—— | but-1-enyl benzoate | —— | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
1-O-苯甲酰基-1,3-丙烷二醇 | 3-hydroxypropyl benzoate | 6946-99-2 | C10H12O3 | 180.203 |
叔丁基苯甲酸 | benzoic acid tert-butyl ester | 774-65-2 | C11H14O2 | 178.231 |
—— | phenylmethylene dibenzoate | 1459-18-3 | C21H16O4 | 332.356 |
二苯甲酸亚甲基酯 | bis(benzoyloxy)methane | 5342-31-4 | C15H12O4 | 256.258 |
苯甲酸3-甲基2-丁烯酯 | 3-methyl-2-butenyl benzoate | 5205-11-8 | C12H14O2 | 190.242 |
苯甲酸丁酯 | Butyl benzoate | 136-60-7 | C11H14O2 | 178.231 |
—— | 3-oxopropyl benzoate | 99058-97-6 | C10H10O3 | 178.188 |
(2-甲氧基苯基)苯甲酸甲酯 | 2-methoxybenzyl benzoate | 64421-25-6 | C15H14O3 | 242.274 |
—— | 3-butenyl benzoate | 18203-32-2 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
(Z)-戊-2-烯-1-基苯甲酸酯 | (Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl benzoate | 65466-10-6 | C12H14O2 | 190.242 |
苯甲酸 | benzoic acid | 65-85-0 | C7H6O2 | 122.123 |
—— | but-2-yn-1-yl benzoate | 38697-67-5 | C11H10O2 | 174.199 |
苯甲酸二甘醇酯 | diethylene glycol benzoate | 20587-61-5 | C11H14O4 | 210.23 |
—— | benzoic acid isopropenyl ester | 13893-90-8 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
二(苯甲酸)四亚甲基酯 | 1,4-bis(benzoyloxy)butane | 19224-27-2 | C18H18O4 | 298.339 |
—— | Benzoesaeure-trimethylsilylmethylester | 17998-87-7 | C11H16O2Si | 208.332 |
—— | benzoic acid (S)-1-methylallyl ester | 90270-43-2 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
—— | (E)-2-hexenyl benzoate | 76841-70-8 | C13H16O2 | 204.269 |
苯甲酸三氟乙酸酐 | benzoic trifluoroacetic anhydride | 347-89-7 | C9H5F3O3 | 218.132 |
戊烷-1,5-二醇苯甲酸酯 | 1-benzoyloxypentan-5-ol | 55162-82-8 | C12H16O3 | 208.257 |
1-(2-萘基)苯甲酸乙酯 | 1-(naphthalen-2-yl)ethyl benzoate | 6860-93-1 | C19H16O2 | 276.335 |
1-(2-萘基)苯甲酸乙酯 | (S)-1-benzoyloxy-1-(naphthyl-(2))-ethane | 6860-93-1 | C19H16O2 | 276.335 |
苯甲酸正己酯 | hexyl benzoate | 6789-88-4 | C13H18O2 | 206.285 |
2-羟基丙基苯甲酸酯 | 2-hydroxypropyl benzoate | 37086-84-3 | C10H12O3 | 180.203 |
—— | 5-pentenylbenzoate | 29264-40-2 | C12H14O2 | 190.242 |
—— | 2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl benzoate | 53574-78-0 | C15H14O3 | 242.274 |
庚基苯甲酸酯 | heptyl benzoate | 7155-12-6 | C14H20O2 | 220.312 |
—— | 2-methylallyl benzoate | 829-53-8 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
—— | benzoic acid hex-5-enyl ester | 41795-26-0 | C13H16O2 | 204.269 |
4-碘苯甲酸丁酯 | 4-iodobutylbenzoate | 19097-44-0 | C11H13IO2 | 304.128 |
己-3-烯-1-醇苯甲酸酯 | (E)-3-hexenyl benzoate | 75019-52-2 | C13H16O2 | 204.269 |
顺式-3-己烯醇苯甲酸酯 | benzoic acid (Z)-hex-3-enyl ester | 25152-85-6 | C13H16O2 | 204.269 |
3-己烯-1-醇苯甲酸酯 | 3-hexenyl benzoate | 72200-74-9 | C13H16O2 | 204.269 |
2-单苯甲酰基甘油 | 2-benzoyloxypropane-1,3-diol | 26699-73-0 | C10H12O4 | 196.203 |
—— | 1-phenylpropyl benzoate | 58687-92-6 | C16H16O2 | 240.302 |
苯甲酸二甲基氨基乙酯 | 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl benzoate | 2208-05-1 | C11H15NO2 | 193.246 |
苯甲酸辛酯 | n-octyl benzoate | 94-50-8 | C15H22O2 | 234.338 |
—— | (3-hydroxy-2-naphthalenyl)methyl benzoate | 383150-18-3 | C18H14O3 | 278.307 |
2-(苯甲酰氧基)-2-苯基乙腈 | 1-cyanobenzyl benzoate | 4242-46-0 | C15H11NO2 | 237.258 |
—— | Hept-3-ynyl benzoate | 183155-14-8 | C14H16O2 | 216.28 |
—— | 3-hydroxylbutyl benzoate | 59694-08-5 | C11H14O3 | 194.23 |
二苄醚 | Benzyl ether | 103-50-4 | C14H14O | 198.265 |