黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 藤黄菌素-4’ -O-葡糖苷 | luteolin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 6920-38-3 | C21H20O11 |
| 藤黄菌素-3’,7-二-O-葡糖苷 | luteolin 3',7-diglucoside | 52187-80-1 | C27H30O16 |
| 藤黄双黄酮 | morelloflavone | 16851-21-1 | C30H20O11 |
| 藏红花色素红花黄色素 | (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[3,4,6-trihydroxy-2-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one | 1401-20-3 | C21H22O11 |
| 薯蓣皂甙3-O-β-D-葡糖苷酸 | Diosmetin-3-O-glucuronide | 152503-50-9 | C22H20O12 |
| 蔷薇苷B | Multiflorin B | 52657-01-9 | C27H30O15 |
| 蔓荆子黄素 | casticin | 479-91-4 | C19H18O8 |
| 蓼属甙 | quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside | 5041-68-9 | C20H18O11 |
| 蓟黄素 | salvigenin | 6601-62-3 | C17H14O6 |
| 蒙花苷 | acacetin 7-O-rutinoside | 480-36-4 | C28H32O14 |
| 葡萄糖基甘草苷 | Glucoliquiritin | 93446-18-5 | C27H32O14 |
| 葡萄籽提取物 | (2R,3S,4S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-2,4-dihydrochromen-8-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | 84929-27-1 | C32H30O11 |
| 葡糖基芦丁 | 4(G)-alpha-Glucopyranosyl-rutin | 130603-71-3 | C33H40O21 |
| 落新妇苷 | astilbin | 29838-67-3 | C21H22O11 |
| 落叶黄素-3-O-Β-D-葡萄糖苷 | Laricitrin 3-O-glucoside | 39986-90-8 | C22H22O13 |
| 萤光黄3GF | 8-Methoxy-6-(p-methoxyphenyl)-13-methyl-6,12-methano-12H-dibenzo(d,g)(1,3)dioxocin-3-ol acetate | 2652-25-7 | C26H24O6 |
| 萘黄酮 | 2-phenyl-4H-benzo[g]chromen-4-one | 6051-88-3 | C19H12O2 |
| 菠叶素 | spinacetin | 3153-83-1 | C17H14O8 |
| 莰非醇-3,7,4’-三甲醚 | 5-hydroxy-3,4',7-trimethoxyflavone | 15486-34-7 | C18H16O6 |
| 莰菲醇-3-O-芸香糖苷 | kaempferol-3-rutinoside | 17650-84-9 | C27H30O15 |
| 荭草苷 | Luteolin-8-C-glucoside | 28608-75-5 | C21H20O11 |
| 草质素甙 | rhodionin | 85571-15-9 | C21H20O11 |
| 草质素8-O-葡糖苷 | Herbacin | 11021-22-0 | C21H20O12 |
| 草质素-7-O-(3''-β-D-葡萄糖基)-α-L-鼠李糖苷 | rhodiosin | 86831-54-1 | C27H30O16 |
| 草质素-3-O-Β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-7-O-Α-L-鼠李糖苷 | herbacetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside | 909803-26-5 | C27H30O16 |
| 草质素-3,8-二吡喃葡萄糖苷 | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,8-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]chromen-4-one | 99224-12-1 | C27H30O17 |
| 草大戟素; 2',4',5,7-四羟基黄烷酮 | steppogenin | 56486-94-3 | C15H12O6 |
| 茶黄素-3-没食子酸酯(TF-3-G) | Theaflavine gallate | —— | C36H28O16 |
| 茶黄素-3-没食子酸酯 | theaflavin-3-gallate | 28543-07-9 | C36H28O16 |
| 茶黄素 3-没食子酸酯 | theaflavin-3-gallate | 30462-34-1 | C36H28O16 |
| 茶黄素 | theaflavin | 4670-05-7 | C29H24O12 |
| 苯酚,2-甲基-4-(2-哌嗪基甲基)- | (S)-(+)-7-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-2-(4''-(2'''-piperidinoethoxy)phenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran hydrochloride | 252555-01-4 | C29H31NO4*ClH |
| 苯西阿诺 | (2R,3S)-2-(2,2-diphenylbenzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)chroman-3,5,7-triol | 85443-48-7 | C28H22O6 |
| 苯甲酸,4-[1-甲基-2-(1-羰基丁氧基)乙基]-,(+)-(9CI) | Neocomplanoside | 123442-25-1 | C24H24O12 |
| 苯甲酸,2,5-二氟-3-羟基- | matteucinol | 489-38-3 | C18H18O5 |
| 苦参醇Q | Kushenol Q | 254886-70-9 | C26H32O7 |
| 苦参醇M | Kushenol M | 101236-51-5 | C30H36O7 |
| 苦参醇L | Kushenol L | 101236-50-4 | C25H28O7 |
| 苦参醇E | Kushenol E | 99119-72-9 | C25H28O6 |
| 苦参醇C | Kushenol C | 99119-73-0 | C25H26O7 |
| 苦参醇B | (2S)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-8-[(2R)-5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylhex-4-enyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | 99217-64-8 | C30H36O6 |
| 苦参醇 | Kushenol I | 99119-69-4 | C26H30O7 |
| 苦参醇 | Kurarinol | 855746-98-4 | C26H32O7 |
| 苦参酮 | Kurarinone | 34981-26-5 | C26H30O6 |
| 苦参新醇A | Kushenol A | 99217-63-7 | C25H28O5 |
| 苜蓿素-7-O-葡萄糖苷 | tricin-7-β-D-glucopyranoside | 32769-01-0 | C23H24O12 |
| 苜蓿素 | 5,7,4'trihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxyflavone | 520-32-1 | C17H14O7 |
| 苏铁双黄酮 | sotetsuflavone | 2608-21-1 | C31H20O10 |
| 苄氧基羰基-苯基丙氨酰-脯氨酰-甲氧基丙基甘氨酸-蒎烷二醇 | 2,3-Dihydro-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one O-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)oxime | 75393-00-9 | C21H26N2O2 |
| 苄奎辛 | pentabenzylquercetin | 13157-90-9 | C50H40O7 |