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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (R)-2-((2R,3R,4S)-3-nitro-2-phenylchroman-4-yl)cyclohexanone 1384100-31-5 C21H21NO4
    (R)-2-((2R,3R,4S)-3-nitro-2-phenylchroman-4-yl)cyclohexanone
    —— taxifolin O-α-D-glucoside 1235442-81-5 C21H22O12
    taxifolin O-α-D-glucoside
    —— (2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chroman-3-yl docosanoate 1261481-02-0 C37H56O8
    (2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chroman-3-yl docosanoate
    —— 3a-Iod-4'-chlor-flavanon 14221-81-9 C15H10ClIO2
    3a-Iod-4'-chlor-flavanon
    —— 3-Methoxy-5,7-diallyloxy-flavon 17915-43-4 C22H20O5
    3-Methoxy-5,7-diallyloxy-flavon
    —— 8-Allyl-2-p-tolyl-chromen-4-one 198351-00-7 C19H16O2
    8-Allyl-2-p-tolyl-chromen-4-one
    —— 6-allyl-7-(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxol-4-ylmethoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(2-allyl-3-ethoxycarbonylmethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 198886-31-6 C32H34O10
    6-allyl-7-(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxol-4-ylmethoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(2-allyl-3-ethoxycarbonylmethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 6-allyl-7-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(2-allyl-3-carboxymethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 198886-20-3 C27H28O10
    6-allyl-7-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(2-allyl-3-carboxymethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2-<2-Hydroxy-3-nitro-phenyl>-chromen-4-on 2687-99-2 C15H9NO5
    2-<2-Hydroxy-3-nitro-phenyl>-chromen-4-on
    —— Vitisin A (pyranoanthocyanin) 743402-60-0 C26H24O14
    Vitisin A (pyranoanthocyanin)
    —— (2<i>R</i>)-3<i>c</i>-Acetoxy-5,7-dimethoxy-2<i>r</i>-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman 201049-45-8 C20H22O6
    (2<i>R</i>)-3<i>c</i>-Acetoxy-5,7-dimethoxy-2<i>r</i>-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman
    —— 2a-Chloro-2-phenyl-2a,7a-dihydro-7-oxa-cyclobuta[a]indene 65933-80-4 C16H11ClO
    2a-Chloro-2-phenyl-2a,7a-dihydro-7-oxa-cyclobuta[a]indene
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-8-(1-phenylprop-1-enyl)flavone 130592-47-1 C24H18O4
    5,7-dihydroxy-8-(1-phenylprop-1-enyl)flavone
    —— delphinidin 3-O-[2-O-(β-xylopyranosyl)-6-O-(trans-feruloyl)-β-glucopyranoside]-5-O-[6-O-(malonyl)-β-glucopyranoside] 1346257-31-5 C45H49O27
    delphinidin 3-O-[2-O-(β-xylopyranosyl)-6-O-(trans-feruloyl)-β-glucopyranoside]-5-O-[6-O-(malonyl)-β-glucopyranoside]
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-6-propyl-2-(3-carboxymethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 198886-08-7 C21H20O8
    5,7-dihydroxy-6-propyl-2-(3-carboxymethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 7-Allyloxy-4'-methoxy-3-methyl-flavon 18651-23-5 C20H18O4
    7-Allyloxy-4'-methoxy-3-methyl-flavon
    —— 2-[2-(2-fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid 1426900-65-3 C20H16FNO5S
    2-[2-(2-fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
    —— 7-O-(N-methylaminocarbonylmethyl)-3'-O-cyclopentyldiosmetin 205524-12-5 C24H25NO7
    7-O-(N-methylaminocarbonylmethyl)-3'-O-cyclopentyldiosmetin
    —— 2-(2.4-Dichlor-phenyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-6-methoxy-7-brom-4H-chromen 6601-59-8 C16H9BrCl2O4
    2-(2.4-Dichlor-phenyl)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-6-methoxy-7-brom-4H-chromen
    —— Parkinsonin-A 6980-21-8 C22H22O11
    Parkinsonin-A
    —— [3-chloro-2-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-nitro-4-oxo-chroman-8-yl]acetic acid 1276022-30-0 C17H11ClFNO6
    [3-chloro-2-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-nitro-4-oxo-chroman-8-yl]acetic acid
    —— 4',7-Dibenzyloxy-5-hydroxy-3,3',8-trimethoxy-flavon 21187-76-8 C32H28O8
    4',7-Dibenzyloxy-5-hydroxy-3,3',8-trimethoxy-flavon
    —— 3',5'-bis-(2-chlorobenzyloxy)-7-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)flavone 1374792-13-8 C32H24Cl2O6
    3',5'-bis-(2-chlorobenzyloxy)-7-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)flavone
    —— 6-Chlor-4'-<2-amino-ethoxy>-flavon 3427-69-8 C17H14ClNO3
    6-Chlor-4'-<2-amino-ethoxy>-flavon
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(2-allyl-3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 178367-43-6 C19H16O6
    5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(2-allyl-3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2,2-Di-(3'-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromen 1488-63-7 C23H20O3
    2,2-Di-(3'-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromen
    —— linarin heptaacetate 124904-19-4 C42H46O21
    linarin heptaacetate
    —— 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-3,7,4'-trihydroxy-4-thiobenzylflavan 83217-84-9 C22H20O4S
    2,3-trans-3,4-cis-3,7,4'-trihydroxy-4-thiobenzylflavan
    —— Epimedokoreanoside I 130756-11-5 C43H54O22
    Epimedokoreanoside I
    —— 3-Acetamino-flavanon 7578-60-1 C17H15NO3
    3-Acetamino-flavanon
    —— 6-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4'-dimethylaminoflavone 1147337-34-5 C19H19NO4
    6-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4'-dimethylaminoflavone
    —— 8-Brom-6-fluor-2'-hydroxy-flavonol 4257-55-0 C15H8BrFO4
    8-Brom-6-fluor-2'-hydroxy-flavonol
    —— 3,4'-Diacetoxy-3'-methoxy-5,7-dimethyl-flavon 3047-62-9 C22H20O7
    3,4'-Diacetoxy-3'-methoxy-5,7-dimethyl-flavon
    —— 7-Methoxy-isochromano<4',3':2,3>chromon 16855-04-2 C17H12O4
    7-Methoxy-isochromano<4',3':2,3>chromon
    —— 3-O,4-O-Diacetyl-7.4'-dibenzyloxyflavan-3,4-diol 1463-07-6 C33H30O7
    3-O,4-O-Diacetyl-7.4'-dibenzyloxyflavan-3,4-diol
    —— 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-2-(4-((S)-2-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)propoxy)phenyl)-2H-chromen-6-ol hydrochloride 1352307-31-3 C30H33NO4*ClH
    3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-2-(4-((S)-2-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)propoxy)phenyl)-2H-chromen-6-ol hydrochloride
    —— 1218941-79-7 C39H48O22
    —— Acetic acid (2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetoxy-6-[(S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-7-yloxy]-2-methyl-5-((2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-triacetoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl ester 158694-45-2 C37H42O18
    Acetic acid (2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetoxy-6-[(S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-7-yloxy]-2-methyl-5-((2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-triacetoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl ester
    —— 1343513-53-0 C16H10BrClO2
    —— Hirsutin-7,3',4'-trimethylether 16727-55-2 C24H26O12
    Hirsutin-7,3',4'-trimethylether
    —— 5-Acetoxy-7-allyloxy-8-allyl-flavon 15067-79-5 C23H20O5
    5-Acetoxy-7-allyloxy-8-allyl-flavon
    —— 8-allyl-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 198886-10-1 C20H16O7
    8-allyl-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— ethyl 2',4'-dichloro-3-methylflavone-8-carboxylate 90102-56-0 C19H14Cl2O4
    ethyl 2',4'-dichloro-3-methylflavone-8-carboxylate
    —— 4-Phenyl-5,6-benzoflavan-4-ol 2859-93-0 C25H20O2
    4-Phenyl-5,6-benzoflavan-4-ol
    —— Acetic acid 5-acetoxy-6,8-dibenzhydryl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl ester 98498-16-9 C45H34O6
    Acetic acid 5-acetoxy-6,8-dibenzhydryl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl ester
    —— 5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl m-tolyl bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphoramidate 1254975-84-2 C26H24Cl2NO6P
    5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl m-tolyl bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphoramidate
    —— (E)-((2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chroman-3-yl) 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienoate 1261480-36-7 C25H28O8
    (E)-((2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chroman-3-yl) 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienoate
    —— (R,S)-5-Hydroxy-7-[(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methoxy]-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2-propylphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 198886-55-4 C25H26O8
    (R,S)-5-Hydroxy-7-[(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methoxy]-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2-propylphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 10-Methyl-10-phenyl-9,10-dihydro-8-oxa-cyclohepta[a]naphthalene-7,11-dione 126384-39-2 C21H16O3
    10-Methyl-10-phenyl-9,10-dihydro-8-oxa-cyclohepta[a]naphthalene-7,11-dione
    —— (+/-)-2<i>r</i>-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3<i>t</i>-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-chroman-4-one 40584-04-1 C19H20O7
    (+/-)-2<i>r</i>-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3<i>t</i>-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-chroman-4-one