黄酮类化合物
黄酮类化合物
定义与结构特征
黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：
- 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
- 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
- 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
- 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 8-chloromethyl-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one | 874005-08-0 | C18H15ClO5 |
| —— | 7-Hydroxy-8-methyliminomethyl-3-ethyl-flavon | 95276-53-2 | C19H17NO3 |
| —— | 7-Isopropyloxy-3-methyl-flavon | 102018-63-3 | C19H18O3 |
| —— | 6-acetylamino-2-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-chroman-4-one | 113063-33-5 | C18H15NO5 |
| —— | 4-[2-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl]-1-methylpyridinium iodide | 372103-28-1 | C24H21ClNO4*I |
| —— | luteolin-7-O-gentiobiside | 70855-41-3 | C27H30O16 |
| —— | 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-6-carboxylic acid | 108978-27-4 | C17H12O4 |
| —— | 7-benzyloxy-3-bromo-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-6-nitro-chromen-4-one | 102595-40-4 | C23H16BrNO6 |
| —— | 3-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-6,8-dichloro-chromen-4-one | 102554-43-8 | C20H14Cl2O7 |
| —— | 4'-Benzyloxy-7-chlor-flavon | 96065-87-1 | C22H15ClO3 |
| —— | 4',7-Di-O-methylisobayin | 82207-75-8 | C23H24O9 |
| —— | 2-(3,4-diaminophenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-one | 153255-74-4 | C16H14N2O2 |
| —— | 4-(4-chlorophenylthio)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromene | 1423579-27-4 | C22H17ClO2S |
| —— | 3-[1-(2,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-meth-(E)-ylidene]-5-methoxy-10,10a-dihydro-7aH-1,7,8-trioxa-pentaleno[1,2-a]naphthalene-2,4,9-trione | 87131-36-0 | C21H14O9 |
| —— | 7-Ethoxy-3-methyl-8-chlormethyl-flavon | 102022-06-0 | C19H17ClO3 |
| —— | 6,8-Dijod-7-hydroxy-flavon | 107942-96-1 | C15H8I2O3 |
| —— | 8-Jod-7-methoxy-flavon | 132318-80-0 | C16H11IO3 |
| —— | 3-Acetoxy-7,3',4'-tribenzyloxy-dihydroflavon | 116531-88-5 | C38H32O7 |
| —— | 8-(p-Methoxycarbonyl-phenoxy)-5,7,4'-trimethoxy-flavon | 122725-13-7 | C26H22O8 |
| —— | 7-n-Butoxy-3'-methoxy-4'-aethoxy-flavonol | 59880-50-1 | C22H24O6 |
| —— | (1-methoxy-6-phenyl-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-8-yl)-(2-methyl)propionamide | 373621-49-9 | C24H23NO3 |
| —— | 1-[(3,4-Dimethyl-phenyl)-hydroxy-phenyl-methyl]-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[f]chromen-3-ol | 135300-72-0 | C34H30O3 |
| —— | demethoxyrhodiolin | 134070-57-8 | C24H18O9 |
| —— | N-{2-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-3-hydroxy-8-nitro-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl}acetamide | 372102-83-5 | C24H18N2O7 |
| —— | N-{3-(benzyloxy)-2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-8-nitro-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl}acetamide | 372102-97-1 | C31H23ClN2O7 |
| —— | 1233322-02-5 | C22H19ClO3 | |
| —— | 5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-2-(4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-ol | 896121-46-3 | C36H32O5 |
| —— | Gallocatechin-(4α->8)-gallocatechin peracetate | 68972-23-6 | C54H50O26 |
| —— | 2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-chromen-4-one | 260063-25-0 | C16H11ClO4 |
| —— | 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-7-methoxy-6-nitro-chromen-4-one | 109154-95-2 | C17H13NO7 |
| —— | 4b-methoxy-4b<i>H</i>-benzo[<i>b</i>]indeno[2,1-<i>e</i>][1,4]oxazin-11-one | 60130-81-6 | C16H11NO3 |
| —— | (E)-4-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-xanthene-1,9(2H)-dione | 1345628-91-2 | C26H16Cl2O4 |
| —— | 2-(4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | 1426660-40-3 | C21H24O3Si |
| —— | (R)-2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid [(2RS,4R)-4-(1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-ethyl)-6-nitro-2-phenyl-chroman-4-yl]-amide | 1415108-75-6 | C21H24F2N2O5S |
| —— | 2-(2-bromo-5-methoxy-phenyl)-6-nitro-benzo[<i>h</i>]chromen-4-one | 112553-86-3 | C20H12BrNO5 |
| —— | 7-Dimethylcarbamoylmethoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen | 98762-18-6 | C19H17NO4 |
| —— | 4β-trifluoroethoxypenta-O-acetyl-(-)-robinetinidol | 119460-47-8 | C27H25F3O12 |
| —— | 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-methyl-4H-benzopyran[4,3-d][1,2,3]selenadiazole | 1266399-39-6 | C17H14N2O2Se |
| —— | 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-furo[3,2-c][1]benzopyran-4-one | 1556997-89-7 | C23H14Cl2O3 |
| —— | (7aS,9R,10S,11S,11aR,12aS)-6,9-Bis-hydroxymethyl-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-methyl-1,9,10,11,11a,12a-hexahydro-2H,7aH-3,7,8,12-tetraoxa-pleiadene-5,10,11-triol | 101395-05-5 | C24H28O10 |
| —— | 2'-Brom-4'-methyl-7-methoxy-flavonol | 93259-56-4 | C17H13BrO4 |
| —— | Acetic acid 3-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-8-((2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-triacetoxy-6-acetoxymethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-7-((2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-triacetoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-4H-chromen-5-yl ester | 101491-18-3 | C47H50O26 |
| —— | Flindulatinacetat | 27782-66-7 | C21H20O8 |
| —— | 4',7-Bis-<aethoxycarbonylmethoxy>-flavanon | 95432-33-0 | C23H24O8 |
| —— | 5,7-Diacetoxy-3'.4'-dioxymethylen-flavon | 114096-67-2 | C20H14O8 |
| —— | 3-acetoxymethylflavone-8-methanol | 579525-31-8 | C19H16O5 |
| —— | [4,8]-2,3-trans-3,4-trans:2,3-trans-octa-O-benzyl-3-O-acetyl-bi-(+)-catechin | 476312-06-8 | C88H76O13 |
| —— | 2',5'-dibenzyloxy-3,4',5,6,7-pentamethoxyflavone | 105827-31-4 | C34H32O9 |
| —— | 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-hydroxychroman-4-one | 488847-86-5 | C15H11ClO3 |
| —— | 7-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylamino-propoxy)-3-methyl-2-phenyl-chromen-4-one | 37933-65-6 | C22H25NO4 |
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