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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 4-(3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-benzene-1,3-disulfonic acid dimethyl ester 54110-20-2 C17H14O9S2
    4-(3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-benzene-1,3-disulfonic acid dimethyl ester
    —— 8-bromomethyl-3-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one 87165-69-3 C17H13BrO3
    8-bromomethyl-3-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one
    —— 7-Methoxy-4α-phenylsulfonylflavan 55539-43-0 C22H20O4S
    7-Methoxy-4α-phenylsulfonylflavan
    —— apigenin 7-O-peracetyl-β-L-glucoside 679398-71-1 C29H28O14
    apigenin 7-O-peracetyl-β-L-glucoside
    —— Flavonsulfonsaeure-2'-methylester 54110-17-7 C16H12O6S
    Flavonsulfonsaeure-2'-methylester
    —— Proanthocyanidin-A2-octamethylether-acetat 55626-27-2 C40H42O13
    Proanthocyanidin-A2-octamethylether-acetat
    —— 5-hydroxy-3-methoxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-6<i>H</i>-pyrano[3,2-<i>g</i>]chromen-4-one 40603-72-3 C21H20O5
    5-hydroxy-3-methoxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-6<i>H</i>-pyrano[3,2-<i>g</i>]chromen-4-one
    —— methyl (2R,4R)-6-chloro-4-phenyl-4-prop-2-enyl-1,3-benzodioxine-2-carboxylate 73051-06-6 C19H17ClO4
    methyl (2R,4R)-6-chloro-4-phenyl-4-prop-2-enyl-1,3-benzodioxine-2-carboxylate
    —— 1318698-20-2 C29H26O4
    —— 3-(cyanomethyl)-4',7-dimethoxyflavone 80907-34-2 C19H15NO4
    3-(cyanomethyl)-4',7-dimethoxyflavone
    —— Acetic acid (2R,3R,4S)-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-chroman-4-yl ester 53388-55-9 C21H24O8
    Acetic acid (2R,3R,4S)-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-chroman-4-yl ester
    —— 7-Methoxy-4α-phenylthioflavan 55539-25-8 C22H20O2S
    7-Methoxy-4α-phenylthioflavan
    —— 5-Acetoxystrobopinin-7-methylether 55743-18-5 C19H18O5
    5-Acetoxystrobopinin-7-methylether
    —— [5-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-yl]-(2-phenyl-chroman-4-yl)-amine 52477-12-0 C23H18N4O4
    [5-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-yl]-(2-phenyl-chroman-4-yl)-amine
    —— (-)-balsacone D 1572949-01-9 C24H22O5
    (-)-balsacone D
    —— 5-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-6<i>H</i>-pyrano[3,2-<i>g</i>]chromen-4-one 50830-97-2 C20H18O4
    5-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-6<i>H</i>-pyrano[3,2-<i>g</i>]chromen-4-one
    —— (+)-balsacone D 1572949-02-0 C24H22O5
    (+)-balsacone D
    —— 4'-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)naringenin 679398-78-8 C29H30O14
    4'-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)naringenin
    —— 6-acetoxy-5-hydroxy-3,4',7-trimethoxyflavone 154047-87-7 C20H18O8
    6-acetoxy-5-hydroxy-3,4',7-trimethoxyflavone
    —— Methyl-5-carbomethoxymethylflavon 51281-79-9 C18H14O4
    Methyl-5-carbomethoxymethylflavon
    —— Acetic acid (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3-acetoxy-2-acetoxymethyl-6-{3,5-diacetoxy-4-[3-(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-propionyl]-phenoxy}-5-((2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-triacetoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl ester 61284-21-7 C46H54O24
    Acetic acid (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3-acetoxy-2-acetoxymethyl-6-{3,5-diacetoxy-4-[3-(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-propionyl]-phenoxy}-5-((2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-triacetoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl ester
    —— 2-(3-iodo-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one 52222-79-4 C19H17IO6
    2-(3-iodo-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 7-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-L-glucopyranosyl)-4'-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)apigenin 679398-73-3 C43H46O23
    7-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-L-glucopyranosyl)-4'-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)apigenin
    —— Lupinifolindiacetat 55730-71-7 C29H30O7
    Lupinifolindiacetat
    —— 4-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-4<i>H</i>-chromen-2-yl)-benzenesulfonic acid methyl ester 54110-19-9 C16H12O6S
    4-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-4<i>H</i>-chromen-2-yl)-benzenesulfonic acid methyl ester
    —— Acetic acid 2-(3,4-diacetoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-3,7-bis-((2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-triacetoxy-6-acetoxymethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-4H-chromen-5-yl ester 53473-14-6 C49H52O28
    Acetic acid 2-(3,4-diacetoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-3,7-bis-((2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-triacetoxy-6-acetoxymethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-4H-chromen-5-yl ester
    —— 5-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxy-phenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydro-8<i>H</i>-pyrano[2,3-<i>f</i>]chromen-4-one 70872-23-0 C24H24O7
    5-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxy-phenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydro-8<i>H</i>-pyrano[2,3-<i>f</i>]chromen-4-one
    —— 6-hydroxyluteolin 7,3',4'-trimethyl ether 41087-97-2 C24H26O12
    6-hydroxyluteolin 7,3',4'-trimethyl ether
    —— 3',4',5,7-Tetramethoxy-8-C-methylflavanon 111497-74-6 C20H22O6
    3',4',5,7-Tetramethoxy-8-C-methylflavanon
    —— 3,5-dihydroxy-7-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-phenyl]-chromen-4-one 50846-14-5 C19H18O9
    3,5-dihydroxy-7-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-phenyl]-chromen-4-one
    —— 6-bromo-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-2'H-spiro[chromene-4,5'-[1,3]oxazolidin]-2'-one 1313611-93-6 C17H12BrCl2NO3
    6-bromo-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-2'H-spiro[chromene-4,5'-[1,3]oxazolidin]-2'-one
    —— [5-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]-(2-phenyl-chroman-4-yl)-amine 52477-14-2 C24H21N3O2S
    [5-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]-(2-phenyl-chroman-4-yl)-amine
    —— 5,9-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-8-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2<i>H</i>-pyrano[2,3-<i>f</i>]chromen-10-one 40629-20-7 C22H22O5
    5,9-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-8-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2<i>H</i>-pyrano[2,3-<i>f</i>]chromen-10-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-6<i>H</i>-pyrano[3,2-<i>g</i>]chromen-4-one 55929-17-4 C22H22O6
    5-hydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-6<i>H</i>-pyrano[3,2-<i>g</i>]chromen-4-one
    —— 3"-(E)-cinnamoylquercitrin 1242284-56-5 C30H26O12
    3"-(E)-cinnamoylquercitrin
    —— 7-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-4'-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)naringenin 679398-77-7 C35H44O14Si
    7-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-4'-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)naringenin
    —— Cirsiliol-4'-glucosid 41087-98-3 C23H24O12
    Cirsiliol-4'-glucosid
    —— Acetic acid (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3-acetoxy-6-[5-acetoxy-2-(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-7-yloxy]-2-acetoxymethyl-5-((2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-triacetoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl ester 61301-29-9 C44H50O23
    Acetic acid (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3-acetoxy-6-[5-acetoxy-2-(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-7-yloxy]-2-acetoxymethyl-5-((2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-triacetoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl ester
    —— Acetylpalustaside 59379-76-9 C2H4O2*C27H30O16
    Acetylpalustaside
    —— [2-Methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-chroman-(3E)-ylidene]-acetic acid ethyl ester 50525-99-0 C20H18O5
    [2-Methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-chroman-(3E)-ylidene]-acetic acid ethyl ester
    —— [5-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]-(2-phenyl-chroman-4-yl)-amine 52477-15-3 C23H18N4O3S
    [5-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]-(2-phenyl-chroman-4-yl)-amine
    —— 2-(2-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-5-yl)acetic acid 1389341-98-3 C17H12O7
    2-(2-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-5-yl)acetic acid
    —— Acetic acid 3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-5-(toluene-4-sulfonyloxy)-4H-chromen-6-yl ester 154048-03-0 C26H22O10S
    Acetic acid 3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-5-(toluene-4-sulfonyloxy)-4H-chromen-6-yl ester
    —— 2-benzoyloxy-6-methoxycoumaran-3-one 74767-54-7 C16H12O5
    2-benzoyloxy-6-methoxycoumaran-3-one
    —— Acetic acid (S)-5-hydroxy-2-phenyl-chroman-7-yl ester 140479-95-4 C17H16O4
    Acetic acid (S)-5-hydroxy-2-phenyl-chroman-7-yl ester
    —— 4'-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)apigenin 679398-81-3 C29H28O14
    4'-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)apigenin
    —— 1-{4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-Dihydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-3-((2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy]-2,6-dihydroxy-phenyl}-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one 61284-20-6 C28H36O15
    1-{4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-Dihydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-3-((2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy]-2,6-dihydroxy-phenyl}-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
    —— 2,4-trans-4'-Methoxy-7-methyl-4-acetylflavan 41786-56-5 C19H20O4
    2,4-trans-4'-Methoxy-7-methyl-4-acetylflavan
    —— 6-Bromo-3-chloro-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one 75595-42-5 C16H10BrClO3
    6-Bromo-3-chloro-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one
    —— 6",6"-dimethylpyrano<2",3":7,6>-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavanone 78045-77-9 C21H18O5
    6",6"-dimethylpyrano<2",3":7,6>-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavanone