摩熵化学
数据库官网
小程序
打开微信扫一扫
首页 分子通 化学资讯 化学百科 反应查询 关于我们
请输入关键词
历史搜索
    热门化合物HOT
    • 喹啉
    • 水杨醛
    • 二溴甲烷
    • 谷胱甘肽
    • L-乳酸
    • 苯巴比妥
    • 辣椒碱
    • 非那明
    • 百草枯
    • 联苯烯
    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯类化合物 酚类

    酚类

    酚类是一大类化合物，它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基（-OH）直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中，并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。

    结构与分类

    酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同，可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类：

    • 单酚：每个分子仅有一个酚羟基。
    • 多酚：含有两个或多个酚羟基的化合物。
    生物学意义
    1. 天然来源：酚广泛存在于植物、动物以及微生物中，如咖啡因中的茶酚、儿茶素等。
    2. 抗氧化作用：许多酚类物质具有较强的抗氧化性，能够清除体内的自由基，保护细胞免受氧化损伤。
    3. 抗菌活性：部分酚类化合物展示出显著的抗菌效果，可用于食品保鲜或开发抗生素。
    工业应用
    1. 农药和杀虫剂：利用某些酚类化合物对特定昆虫的选择性毒性进行害虫控制。
    2. 染料工业：许多天然及合成染料都基于酚结构设计而成。
    3. 医药领域：作为原料或药物成分，例如阿司匹林的核心成分水杨酸就属于苯酚衍生物。
    工业生产

    酚类可以通过多种途径制备：

    • 通过煤焦油蒸馏或石油裂解得到的粗酚进行精炼获得。
    • 以苯或其他芳烃为原料，在催化剂作用下与水反应生成苯酚，此过程称为菲林斯勒反应（Fischer–Strassmann反应）。
    注意事项

    尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景，但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。

    以上是对酚类的简单介绍，涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 4-methoxy-2-[(1R)-1-(oxan-4-ylmethylamino)ethyl]phenol —— C15H23NO3
    4-methoxy-2-[(1R)-1-(oxan-4-ylmethylamino)ethyl]phenol
    —— 4-methoxy-2-[(1S)-1-(oxan-4-ylmethylamino)ethyl]phenol —— C15H23NO3
    4-methoxy-2-[(1S)-1-(oxan-4-ylmethylamino)ethyl]phenol
    —— 3-[(6R)-6-propyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl]phenol —— C16H19NOS
    3-[(6R)-6-propyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl]phenol
    —— 3-[(6S)-6-propyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl]phenol —— C16H19NOS
    3-[(6S)-6-propyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl]phenol
    —— 2,6-bis[(2R)-decan-2-yl]phenol —— C26H46O
    2,6-bis[(2R)-decan-2-yl]phenol
    —— 2-[(2R)-decan-2-yl]-6-[(2S)-decan-2-yl]phenol —— C26H46O
    2-[(2R)-decan-2-yl]-6-[(2S)-decan-2-yl]phenol
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-[4-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]piperidin-1-yl]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C15H24N2O2
    2-[(1S)-1-[4-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]piperidin-1-yl]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-[4-[(1S)-1-aminoethyl]piperidin-1-yl]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C15H24N2O2
    2-[(1S)-1-[4-[(1S)-1-aminoethyl]piperidin-1-yl]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— 2-[(1R)-1-[4-[(1S)-1-aminoethyl]piperidin-1-yl]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C15H24N2O2
    2-[(1R)-1-[4-[(1S)-1-aminoethyl]piperidin-1-yl]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— 2-[(1R)-1-[4-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]piperidin-1-yl]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C15H24N2O2
    2-[(1R)-1-[4-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]piperidin-1-yl]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— (4R)-4-[4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]pentanehydrazide —— C14H22N2O3
    (4R)-4-[4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]pentanehydrazide
    —— (5Z)-5-[(5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-3-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C16H8BrClN2O4S2
    (5Z)-5-[(5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-3-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-(3-bromo-4-methylanilino)ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C15H16BrNO2
    2-[(1S)-1-(3-bromo-4-methylanilino)ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— [2-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methylamino]-2-oxoethyl] (1S,5R)-9-oxobicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-3-carboxylate —— C21H27NO5
    [2-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methylamino]-2-oxoethyl] (1S,5R)-9-oxobicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-3-carboxylate
    —— 2-[(1R)-1-(3-bromo-4-methylanilino)ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C15H16BrNO2
    2-[(1R)-1-(3-bromo-4-methylanilino)ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)propanamide —— C21H21N3O2
    3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)propanamide
    —— ethyl (2E,5R)-2-[(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-7-methyl-3-oxo-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate —— C23H18BrClN2O4S
    ethyl (2E,5R)-2-[(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-7-methyl-3-oxo-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate
    —— (5E)-2-[(2E)-2-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylidene]hydrazinyl]-5-[(3,5-dibromo-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-1,3-thiazol-4-one —— C17H10Br2ClN3O3S
    (5E)-2-[(2E)-2-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylidene]hydrazinyl]-5-[(3,5-dibromo-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-1,3-thiazol-4-one
    —— (5E)-5-[(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-pentylcyclopent-2-en-1-one —— C18H21BrO3
    (5E)-5-[(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-pentylcyclopent-2-en-1-one
    —— (5E)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methylidene]-2-pentylcyclopent-2-en-1-one —— C19H24O2
    (5E)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methylidene]-2-pentylcyclopent-2-en-1-one
    —— (5E)-5-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-pentylcyclopent-2-en-1-one —— C18H21ClO3
    (5E)-5-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-pentylcyclopent-2-en-1-one
    —— 3-[(1R)-1-[2-(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)ethylamino]ethyl]phenol —— C13H18N4O
    3-[(1R)-1-[2-(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)ethylamino]ethyl]phenol
    —— 2-[(1R)-1-[2-(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)ethylamino]ethyl]phenol —— C13H18N4O
    2-[(1R)-1-[2-(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)ethylamino]ethyl]phenol
    —— 3-[(1S)-1-[2-(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)ethylamino]ethyl]phenol —— C13H18N4O
    3-[(1S)-1-[2-(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)ethylamino]ethyl]phenol
    —— 4,6-bis[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol —— C21H34Cl4N2O2
    4,6-bis[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol
    —— 6-[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-4-[[bis[(2S)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol —— C21H34Cl4N2O2
    6-[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-4-[[bis[(2S)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol
    —— 4-[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-6-[[[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]-[(2S)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol —— C21H34Cl4N2O2
    4-[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-6-[[[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]-[(2S)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol
    —— 4-[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-6-[[[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]-[(2S)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C20H32Cl4N2O2
    4-[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]-6-[[[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]-[(2S)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— 3-amino-N-[(Z)-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide —— C20H19N3O4S
    3-amino-N-[(Z)-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide
    —— 4,6-bis[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C20H32Cl4N2O2
    4,6-bis[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— [4-(2-Methoxyethyl)phenyl] 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acetate —— C20H24O6
    [4-(2-Methoxyethyl)phenyl] 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acetate
    —— N-[(Z)-(2-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-2-[(3R)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]acetamide —— C14H17BrN2O5S
    N-[(Z)-(2-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-2-[(3R)-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]acetamide
    —— 3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2Z,4E)-5-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)penta-2,4-dienylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one —— C17H14O6
    3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2Z,4E)-5-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)penta-2,4-dienylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one
    —— 3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2E,4Z)-5-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)penta-2,4-dienylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one —— C17H14O6
    3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2E,4Z)-5-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)penta-2,4-dienylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one
    —— 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)ethyl 6-(carbamoylamino)hexanoate —— C16H24N2O4
    2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)ethyl 6-(carbamoylamino)hexanoate
    —— 4-bromo-2-methoxy-5-[(E)-2-(5-nitro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)ethenyl]phenol —— C16H11BrN2O4S
    4-bromo-2-methoxy-5-[(E)-2-(5-nitro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)ethenyl]phenol
    —— (4Z)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]pyrazolidine-3,5-dione —— C18H14Cl2N2O5
    (4Z)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]pyrazolidine-3,5-dione
    —— 2,5-bis[[[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]-[(2S)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C20H32Cl4N2O2
    2,5-bis[[[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]-[(2S)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— 2,5-bis[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C20H32Cl4N2O2
    2,5-bis[[bis[(2R)-2-chloropropyl]amino]methyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— [2-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methylamino]-2-oxoethyl] 4-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate —— C20H26N2O5
    [2-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methylamino]-2-oxoethyl] 4-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate
    —— 2-[4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)acetamide —— C18H21NO4
    2-[4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)acetamide
    —— (2E,5E)-2,5-bis[(3-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]cyclopentan-1-one —— C19H16O3
    (2E,5E)-2,5-bis[(3-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]cyclopentan-1-one
    —— (2Z)-2-[(5E)-5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylidene]acetonitrile —— C13H10N2O2S
    (2Z)-2-[(5E)-5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylidene]acetonitrile
    —— (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylprop-2-enenitrile —— C12H13NO3S
    (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylprop-2-enenitrile
    —— (E)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylprop-2-enenitrile —— C11H11NO4S
    (E)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylprop-2-enenitrile
    —— (6Z)-6-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-1-propyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4,5-trione —— C18H19N3O5
    (6Z)-6-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-1-propyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4,5-trione
    —— (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylprop-2-enenitrile —— C10H9NO3S
    (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylprop-2-enenitrile
    —— (2Z,5Z)-2-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutylidene)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C19H23NO5S
    (2Z,5Z)-2-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutylidene)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— (2Z,5E)-2-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutylidene)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C17H18N2O5S
    (2Z,5E)-2-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutylidene)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— (2Z,5E)-2-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutylidene)-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C17H19NO3S
    (2Z,5E)-2-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutylidene)-5-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one