A functional fluid suitable for use in an internal combustion engine is provided, comprising:
(a) a major amount of a base fluid;
(b) a minor amount of a polysubstituted alkanol amine derivative reaction product obtainable by reacting:
(i) a carboxylate compound of formula I
R
1
COOR
2
(I)
in which:
R
1
is an aliphatic C
1-30
-hydrocarbon radical; and
R
2
is hydrogen or alkyl, mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl, or ammonium; with
(ii) an alkanol amine of the formula II
NHR
3
R
4
(II)
wherein R
3
and R
4
are independently selected from hydrogen atoms and linear or branched-chain hydrocarbon groups, the carbon chain of which is optionally interrupted by one or more —NH— groups and which optionally has at least one hydroxyl group attached to a carbon atom of the hydrocarbon group, with the proviso that R
3
and R
4
are not both hydrogen atoms and that at least one of said residues R
3
and R
4
carries at least one hydroxyl group;
in a molar ratio of the —COO— groups of the carboxylate compound of formula I to the molar sum of OH and NH groups of the alkanol amine of formula II in a range and under reaction conditions supporting the formation of a reaction product comprising polysubstituted alkanol amine derivatives; and
(c) a minor amount of a detergent additive.
提供一种适用于内燃机的功能流体,包括:(a)主要成分为基础流体;(b)少量的多取代脂肪族胺衍
生物反应产物,可通过反应获得:(i)
化学式为IR1COOR2(I)的
羧酸酯化合物,其中:R1为脂肪族C1-30-烃基;R2为氢或烷基、单或多羟基烷基或
铵基;(ii)
化学式为IINHR3R4(II)的脂肪族胺,其中R3和R4独立选择氢原子和直链或支链烃基,该烃基的碳链可选地由一个或多个—NH—基团中断,并且该烃基的一个碳原子上可选地附有至少一个羟基,但是R3和R4不同时为氢原子,并且至少一个残基R3和R4携带至少一个羟基,在
化学式I的—COO—基团与
化学式II的OH和NH基团的摩尔和比在范围内并在反应条件下支持形成多取代脂肪族胺衍
生物的反应产物;(c)少量的清洁添加剂。