酚类是一大类化合物,它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基(-OH)直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中,并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。
结构与分类酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同,可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类:
酚类可以通过多种途径制备:
尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景,但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。
以上是对酚类的简单介绍,涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | N-(2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)-2-(3-methylphenoxy)acetamide | —— | C15H14N2O5 |
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—— | 4-[[(2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)methyl-methylamino]methyl]-N-methylbenzamide | —— | C21H26N2O3 |
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—— | (1R,2S,3S,4R)-3-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylcarbamoyl]bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C17H19NO5 |
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—— | (1R,2S,3R,4R)-3-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylcarbamoyl]bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C17H19NO5 |
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—— | (2R)-N-(2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)oxolane-2-carboxamide | —— | C11H12N2O5 |
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—— | (1R,3S,5S,8S,9S,13S,14S)-8-hydroxy-14-(3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,10-dioxa-15,16-dithia-11,18-diazapentacyclo[11.3.2.01,11.03,5.03,9]octadec-6-ene-12,17-dione | —— | C20H20N2O8S2 |
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—— | (1R,3S,5S,8S,9S,13S,14R)-8-hydroxy-14-(3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,10-dioxa-15,16-dithia-11,18-diazapentacyclo[11.3.2.01,11.03,5.03,9]octadec-6-ene-12,17-dione | —— | C20H20N2O8S2 |
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—— | (1R,3S,5S,8S,9S,13R,14S)-8-hydroxy-14-(3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,10-dioxa-15,16-dithia-11,18-diazapentacyclo[11.3.2.01,11.03,5.03,9]octadec-6-ene-12,17-dione | —— | C20H20N2O8S2 |
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—— | (1R,3S,5S,8S,9S,13R,14R)-8-hydroxy-14-(3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,10-dioxa-15,16-dithia-11,18-diazapentacyclo[11.3.2.01,11.03,5.03,9]octadec-6-ene-12,17-dione | —— | C20H20N2O8S2 |
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—— | N-[(Z)-(2-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-2-(3,4-dimethylphenoxy)acetamide | —— | C18H19BrN2O4 |
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—— | N-[(Z)-(2-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-2-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)acetamide | —— | C18H19BrN2O4 |
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—— | 4-[(Z)-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-3-[(3-methoxyphenoxy)methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione | —— | C18H18N4O4S |
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—— | 4-[(Z)-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dithione | —— | C10H10N4O2S2 |
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—— | 3-(2-cyclohexylethyl)-4-[(Z)-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione | —— | C18H24N4O2S |
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—— | 2-[[4-[(3-Fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-4-methoxy-6-prop-2-enylphenol | —— | C23H29FN2O3 |
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—— | N-[(Z)-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-3-methoxy-4-(3-methylbutoxy)benzamide | —— | C21H26N2O5 |
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—— | 5,11,23-tris[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-17-[(2R)-butan-2-yl]pentacyclo[19.3.1.13,7.19,13.115,19]octacosa-1(24),3,5,7(28),9,11,13(27),15(26),16,18,21(25),22-dodecaene-25,26,27,28-tetrol | —— | C44H56O4 |
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—— | 5,11-bis[(2R)-butan-2-yl]-17,23-bis[(2S)-butan-2-yl]pentacyclo[19.3.1.13,7.19,13.115,19]octacosa-1(24),3,5,7(28),9,11,13(27),15(26),16,18,21(25),22-dodecaene-25,26,27,28-tetrol | —— | C44H56O4 |
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—— | 2-[(1R,2R,4R)-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl]-N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]acetamide | —— | C17H23NO3 |
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—— | 2-[(1R,2S,4R)-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl]-N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]acetamide | —— | C17H23NO3 |
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—— | (5Z)-2-(3H-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylidenemethyl)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-1,3-thiazol-4-one | —— | C19H14N2O3S2 |
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—— | (5Z)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-piperidin-1-yl-1,3-thiazol-4-one | —— | C15H15N3O4S |
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—— | (5Z)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-piperidin-1-yl-1,3-thiazol-4-one | —— | C17H20N2O4S |
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—— | 5-[[(3R)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(1-propan-2-ylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol | —— | C22H37N3O3 |
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—— | 5-chloro-4-[[(3R)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(1-propan-2-ylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol | —— | C22H36ClN3O3 |
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—— | 1-(3-Bromophenyl)-3-[(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)methyl]thiourea | —— | C14H12BrN3O3S |
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—— | 1-(3-bromophenyl)-3-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)thiourea | —— | C13H10BrN3O3S |
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—— | 5-chloro-4-[[(3R)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-propan-2-ylpiperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol | —— | C17H27ClN2O3 |
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—— | 4-[[(3R)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(1-propan-2-ylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-3-methoxyphenol | —— | C22H37N3O3 |
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—— | 4-hydroxy-N-[(E)-(3-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylidene)amino]-3-nitrobenzenesulfonamide | —— | C14H12N4O5S2 |
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—— | 4-[(3R)-3-[[(1R,2S,3S)-2,3-dimethylcyclohexyl]amino]butyl]phenol | —— | C18H29NO |
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—— | 4-[(3S)-3-[[(1S,2S,3S)-2,3-dimethylcyclohexyl]amino]butyl]phenol | —— | C18H29NO |
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—— | 3-[(Z)-[[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]hydrazinylidene]methyl]phenol | —— | C13H9ClF3N3O |
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—— | 2-[[(3R)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-[(2-methylphenyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-5-methoxyphenol | —— | C22H30N2O3 |
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—— | (2E,5E)-5-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-(2-oxo-2-pyridin-4-ylethylidene)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C18H14N2O4S |
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—— | (2E,5Z)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-(2-oxo-2-pyridin-4-ylethylidene)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C17H11N3O5S |
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—— | (2E,5E)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-(2-oxo-2-pyridin-4-ylethylidene)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C17H11N3O5S |
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—— | (2E,5E)-5-[(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-(2-oxo-2-pyridin-4-ylethylidene)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C18H14N2O4S |
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—— | (2Z,5E)-5-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-(2-oxo-2-pyridin-4-ylethylidene)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C18H14N2O4S |
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—— | (2E,5Z)-5-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-(2-oxo-2-pyridin-4-ylethylidene)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C18H14N2O4S |
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—— | (2Z,5E)-5-[(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-(2-oxo-2-pyridin-4-ylethylidene)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C17H11N3O5S |
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—— | (2E,5Z)-5-[(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-(2-oxo-2-pyridin-4-ylethylidene)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C18H14N2O4S |
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—— | 4-[[(3R)-4-[(2-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol | —— | C23H32N2O4 |
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—— | (2Z,5E)-5-[(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-(2-oxo-2-pyridin-4-ylethylidene)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C18H14N2O4S |
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—— | N-[(Z)-(2-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-4-ethoxybenzamide | —— | C17H17BrN2O4 |
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—— | 2-[[(3R)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-5-methoxyphenol | —— | C18H30N2O3 |
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—— | 4-[[(3R)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | —— | C19H32N2O4 |
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—— | 2-[[(3R)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-6-methoxyphenol | —— | C18H30N2O3 |
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—— | 2-[[(3R)-4-[(2-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-6-methoxyphenol | —— | C22H29FN2O4 |
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—— | 4-[[(3R)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-[(2-methylphenyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | —— | C23H32N2O4 |
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