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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— <i>tert</i>-butyl-thiocarbamic acid <i>S</i>-ethyl ester 39078-61-0 C7H15NOS
<i>tert</i>-butyl-thiocarbamic acid <i>S</i>-ethyl ester
—— 1-benzyl-5-(ethylthio)-1H-tetrazole 3206-61-9 C10H12N4S
1-benzyl-5-(ethylthio)-1H-tetrazole
—— 1-Chlor-2,2-diethoxy-1-phenylmercapto-cyclopropan 5533-23-3 C13H17ClO2S
1-Chlor-2,2-diethoxy-1-phenylmercapto-cyclopropan
—— 4-Chloro-3-(4-chlorophenylthio)-9H-thioxanthen-9-one 1372152-46-9 C19H10Cl2OS2
4-Chloro-3-(4-chlorophenylthio)-9H-thioxanthen-9-one
—— 2-bromo-5-[[(4-chlorophenyl)thio](2,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]-4-methylpyridine 913091-69-7 C19H13BrClF2NS
2-bromo-5-[[(4-chlorophenyl)thio](2,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]-4-methylpyridine
—— (R)-ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenylthio)-4,4,4-trifluorobutanoate 1318254-55-5 C12H12ClF3O2S
(R)-ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenylthio)-4,4,4-trifluorobutanoate
—— 6-(3-(4-chlorophenylsulfanyl)indol-1-yl)-1,3-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole 1309068-58-3 C21H15BClNO2S
6-(3-(4-chlorophenylsulfanyl)indol-1-yl)-1,3-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole
—— 2-amino-5-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-6-ethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one 1178542-65-8 C14H12ClN3OS2
2-amino-5-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-6-ethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one
—— (4-chlorophenyl)(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)sulfane 613245-44-6 C16H17ClS
(4-chlorophenyl)(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)sulfane
—— (4-bromobenzyl)(4-chlorophenyl)sulfane 100397-85-1 C13H10BrClS
(4-bromobenzyl)(4-chlorophenyl)sulfane
—— 2-(4-Chlorophenylthio)butyraldehyde dimethyl acetal 213332-16-2 C12H17ClO2S
2-(4-Chlorophenylthio)butyraldehyde dimethyl acetal
—— 3-(4-chlorophenylsulfanyl)pent-2-enoic acid methyl ester 907171-21-5 C11H11ClO2S
3-(4-chlorophenylsulfanyl)pent-2-enoic acid methyl ester
—— methyl 2-acetyl-5,5-bis((4-chlorophenyl)thio)pentanoate 1266617-40-6 C20H20Cl2O3S2
methyl 2-acetyl-5,5-bis((4-chlorophenyl)thio)pentanoate
—— N-<2-(p-chlorophenylthio)ethyl>ethylenediamine 87010-79-5 C10H15ClN2S
N-<2-(p-chlorophenylthio)ethyl>ethylenediamine
—— (4-chlorophenyl)thiomethyl methyl ether 79754-19-1 C8H9ClOS
(4-chlorophenyl)thiomethyl methyl ether
—— 1-{(4-chlorophenyl)thio}decane 59985-48-7 C16H25ClS
1-{(4-chlorophenyl)thio}decane
—— 4-chlorophenylthiomethylenecyclohexane 1332526-20-1 C13H15ClS
4-chlorophenylthiomethylenecyclohexane
—— 5-[[(4-Chlorophenyl)thio]-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-methyl] pyrimidine 558462-77-4 C17H11ClF2N2S
5-[[(4-Chlorophenyl)thio]-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-methyl] pyrimidine
—— 1-(4-chlorophenylthio)butan-2-one 51828-54-7 C10H11ClOS
1-(4-chlorophenylthio)butan-2-one
—— 1-adamantan-1-yl-2-(4-chlorophenylsulfanyl)ethanone 226878-49-5 C18H21ClOS
1-adamantan-1-yl-2-(4-chlorophenylsulfanyl)ethanone
—— 2-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)phenol 59010-71-8 C12H9ClOS
2-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)phenol
—— 1-fluoro-3-(4-chlorophenylsulfanyl)benzene 1210812-12-6 C12H8ClFS
1-fluoro-3-(4-chlorophenylsulfanyl)benzene
—— 2-chloro-6-[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]purine 646510-36-3 C11H6Cl2N4S
2-chloro-6-[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]purine
—— methyl 3-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)propanoate 54696-23-0 C10H11ClO2S
methyl 3-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)propanoate
—— 2-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)pyridine 28856-69-1 C11H8ClNS
2-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)pyridine
—— 2-[(4-Chlorophenylthio)-(2,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]-5-[(4-chlorophenylthio)methyl]pyridine 558464-68-9 C25H17Cl2F2NS2
2-[(4-Chlorophenylthio)-(2,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]-5-[(4-chlorophenylthio)methyl]pyridine
—— 4-[[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]-(2,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]pyridine 820221-86-1 C18H12ClF2NS
4-[[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]-(2,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]pyridine
—— 1-Chloro-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethylsulfanyl)-benzene 820961-87-3 C14H13ClS
1-Chloro-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethylsulfanyl)-benzene
—— 3-(4-chlorophenylthio)-2(E)-propenoic acid 880-32-0 C9H7ClO2S
3-(4-chlorophenylthio)-2(E)-propenoic acid
—— 5-ethoxy-3-(methylsulfinyl)-6-(methylthio)pyridazine 874278-24-7 C8H12N2O2S2
5-ethoxy-3-(methylsulfinyl)-6-(methylthio)pyridazine
—— 6-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenylthio)pyrimidine 197241-67-1 C10H6Cl2N2S
6-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenylthio)pyrimidine
—— 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-2-methylbut-3-en-2-ol 885947-60-4 C11H13ClOS
3-(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-2-methylbut-3-en-2-ol
—— 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one 52735-47-4 C14H15ClOS
3-(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one
—— 4-(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)quinazoline 1336930-78-9 C15H8ClF3N2S
4-(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)quinazoline
—— 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)ethan-1-ol 1174708-86-1 C14H12Cl2OS
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)ethan-1-ol
—— 4-(4-chlorophenylthio)quinazoline 23945-54-2 C14H9ClN2S
4-(4-chlorophenylthio)quinazoline
—— 2-amino-5-phenyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)thiopyrazine 1262118-46-6 C16H12ClN3S
2-amino-5-phenyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)thiopyrazine
—— 2-methyl-1-(4-chlorophenylthio)-4-nitrobenzene 38561-02-3 C13H10ClNO2S
2-methyl-1-(4-chlorophenylthio)-4-nitrobenzene
—— ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)butanoate 380860-32-2 C12H15ClO2S
ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)butanoate
—— (4-chlorophenyl)(cyclopropyl)sulfane 84547-23-9 C9H9ClS
(4-chlorophenyl)(cyclopropyl)sulfane
—— N-(benzylideneamino)-2-methylsulfanylpyrimidin-4-amine 328069-83-6 C12H12N4S
N-(benzylideneamino)-2-methylsulfanylpyrimidin-4-amine
—— 3-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)-1-methyl-1H-indole 197513-18-1 C15H12ClNS
3-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)-1-methyl-1H-indole
—— tert-butyl 4-((4-chlorophenylthio)methyl)-6-oxopyridazine-1(6H)-carboxylate 1243253-40-8 C16H17ClN2O3S
tert-butyl 4-((4-chlorophenylthio)methyl)-6-oxopyridazine-1(6H)-carboxylate
—— 4-(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-2-fluoropyridine 1010115-46-4 C11H7ClFNS
4-(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-2-fluoropyridine
—— (1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethane-1,2-diyl)bis((4-chlorophenyl)sulfane) 1313220-44-8 C20H15Cl2FS2
(1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethane-1,2-diyl)bis((4-chlorophenyl)sulfane)
—— 2-([(4-Chlorophenyl)thio]-(2,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]-5-methylpyridine 558462-72-9 C19H14ClF2NS
2-([(4-Chlorophenyl)thio]-(2,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]-5-methylpyridine
—— ethyl 2-acetyl-5-[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]-5-(p-tolyl)pentanoate 1338781-63-7 C22H25ClO3S
ethyl 2-acetyl-5-[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]-5-(p-tolyl)pentanoate
—— methyl 6-(4-chlorophenylsulfanyl)hexanoate 698352-19-1 C13H17ClO2S
methyl 6-(4-chlorophenylsulfanyl)hexanoate
—— (4-bromophenyl)(4-chlorophenyl)sulfane 24535-57-7 C12H8BrClS
(4-bromophenyl)(4-chlorophenyl)sulfane
—— 2-[[(4-Chlorophenyl)thio]-(2,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]thiazole 558462-91-2 C16H10ClF2NS2
2-[[(4-Chlorophenyl)thio]-(2,5-difluorophenyl)methyl]thiazole