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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 1,2,3,4-tetrakis(methylthio)benzene 70648-36-1 C10H14S4
1,2,3,4-tetrakis(methylthio)benzene
—— 5,5'-dimethyl-[2,2']bi[benzo[<i>b</i>]thiophenylidene]-3,3'-dione 77736-62-0 C18H12O2S2
5,5'-dimethyl-[2,2']bi[benzo[<i>b</i>]thiophenylidene]-3,3'-dione
—— 2-benzylidene-5-methyl-benzo[<i>b</i>]thiophen-3-one 19995-06-3 C16H12OS
2-benzylidene-5-methyl-benzo[<i>b</i>]thiophen-3-one
—— p-CH3C6H4SCH3Cr(CO)3 12247-16-4 C11H10CrO3S
p-CH3C6H4SCH3Cr(CO)3
—— p-tolyl methyl sulphide thioacetate 271574-46-0 C10H12OS2
p-tolyl methyl sulphide thioacetate
—— 4-(4-methylphenyl)thio-2(1H)-quinolinethione 1001848-09-4 C16H13NS2
4-(4-methylphenyl)thio-2(1H)-quinolinethione
—— (fluoromethyl)(p-tolyl)sulfane 65325-64-6 C8H9FS
(fluoromethyl)(p-tolyl)sulfane
—— 3-Phenylmercapto-trans-buten-(2)-saeure-ethylester 40997-92-0 C12H14O2S
3-Phenylmercapto-trans-buten-(2)-saeure-ethylester
—— (p-tolylthio)methyl acetate 52834-75-0 C10H12O2S
(p-tolylthio)methyl acetate
—— 3,4-dimethylphenyl ethyl xanthate 89816-84-2 C11H14OS2
3,4-dimethylphenyl ethyl xanthate
—— 3-(3,4-dimethylphenylthio)-2-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)propionic acid 136887-04-2 C15H20O4S
3-(3,4-dimethylphenylthio)-2-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)propionic acid
—— Cyclodecanethiol 114460-54-7 C10H20S
Cyclodecanethiol
—— 2,3-di(1-adamantyl)thiirene 1-oxide 317363-70-5 C22H30OS
2,3-di(1-adamantyl)thiirene 1-oxide
—— 2-(3,4-dimethylphenylthio)cyclohexanone 89816-88-6 C14H18OS
2-(3,4-dimethylphenylthio)cyclohexanone
—— S-isopropyl methanethiosulfonate 32846-80-3 C4H10O2S2
S-isopropyl methanethiosulfonate
—— Methyl 2-amino-4-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethyl-benzofuran-3-carboxylate 1257240-03-1 C20H21NO4S
Methyl 2-amino-4-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethyl-benzofuran-3-carboxylate
—— 5,6-Bis[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl]-2-ethyl-1,3-benzoxazole-4,7-dione 1190758-68-9 C25H23NO3S2
5,6-Bis[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl]-2-ethyl-1,3-benzoxazole-4,7-dione
—— (2,3-dimethyl-phenyl)-(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-sulfide 107059-33-6 C16H18S
(2,3-dimethyl-phenyl)-(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-sulfide
—— 6-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)thio]purine 646510-22-7 C13H12N4S
6-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)thio]purine
—— 3,5-Dichloro-4-(3,4-dimethyl-phenylsulfanyl)-phenylamine 315228-57-0 C14H13Cl2NS
3,5-Dichloro-4-(3,4-dimethyl-phenylsulfanyl)-phenylamine
—— 4-Chloro-3-(3,4-dimethylphenylthio)-9H-thioxanthen-9-one 1372152-30-1 C21H15ClOS2
4-Chloro-3-(3,4-dimethylphenylthio)-9H-thioxanthen-9-one
—— 2-chloro-6-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)thio]purine 646510-61-4 C13H11ClN4S
2-chloro-6-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)thio]purine
—— 2,4-dimethyl-1-(ethylthio)benzene 107832-66-6 C10H14S
2,4-dimethyl-1-(ethylthio)benzene
—— 1-iodo-2-(4-methylbenzenethio)ethane 57023-00-4 C9H11IS
1-iodo-2-(4-methylbenzenethio)ethane
—— 3-((4-ethylphenyl)thio)propanoic acid 102143-23-7 C11H14O2S
3-((4-ethylphenyl)thio)propanoic acid
—— 1-(2,2-Dimethoxyethylsulfanyl)-4-ethylbenzene 57860-46-5 C12H18O2S
1-(2,2-Dimethoxyethylsulfanyl)-4-ethylbenzene
—— (4-ethylphenyl)(4-nitrophenyl)sulfane 62248-44-6 C14H13NO2S
(4-ethylphenyl)(4-nitrophenyl)sulfane
—— 1-ethyl-4-(ethylthio)benzene 22905-10-8 C10H14S
1-ethyl-4-(ethylthio)benzene
—— 4-phenylsulfanyl-2-phenyl-3-thia-1-azaspiro[5.5]undeca-1,4-diene 1253755-06-4 C21H21NS2
4-phenylsulfanyl-2-phenyl-3-thia-1-azaspiro[5.5]undeca-1,4-diene
—— 2-[2-(4-ethylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]acetic acid 54997-32-9 C16H16O2S
2-[2-(4-ethylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]acetic acid
—— 5-Ethyl-1-benzothiophen-3-one 79097-33-9 C10H10OS
5-Ethyl-1-benzothiophen-3-one
—— 4-methylphenyl prop-1-enyl sulfide 39815-00-4 C10H12S
4-methylphenyl prop-1-enyl sulfide
—— <2-(4-ethylphenylthio)-4-fluorophenyl>acetic acid 70931-62-3 C16H15FO2S
<2-(4-ethylphenylthio)-4-fluorophenyl>acetic acid
—— 5-(4-Ethylphenyl)sulfanyl-6-nitrospiro[1,2-dihydroindene-3,2'-1,3-dioxolane] 1027552-90-4 C19H19NO4S
5-(4-Ethylphenyl)sulfanyl-6-nitrospiro[1,2-dihydroindene-3,2'-1,3-dioxolane]
—— 2-(4-ethylphenyl)sulfanyl-N'-hydroxyethanimidamide 91258-51-4 C10H14N2OS
2-(4-ethylphenyl)sulfanyl-N'-hydroxyethanimidamide
—— (Z)-2-phenyl-4-(phenylsulfanylmethylene)-1-thia-3-azaspiro[4.5]dec-2-ene 1253755-04-2 C21H21NS2
(Z)-2-phenyl-4-(phenylsulfanylmethylene)-1-thia-3-azaspiro[4.5]dec-2-ene
—— 2-((4-ethylphenyl)thio)acetonitrile 79506-63-1 C10H11NS
2-((4-ethylphenyl)thio)acetonitrile
—— 3-(p-tolylsulfenyl)prop-2-yn-1-ol 1211944-57-8 C10H10OS
3-(p-tolylsulfenyl)prop-2-yn-1-ol
—— 4-methylsulfidebenzyltrimethylsilane 59163-55-2 C11H18SSi
4-methylsulfidebenzyltrimethylsilane
—— p.p'-Ditolyl-trithio-carbonat 24455-28-5 C15H14S3
p.p'-Ditolyl-trithio-carbonat
—— 2-(4-methoxybutylthio)benzenamine 1105675-90-8 C11H17NOS
2-(4-methoxybutylthio)benzenamine
—— (bromomethyl)(4-methylphenyl)sulfane 114245-60-2 C8H9BrS
(bromomethyl)(4-methylphenyl)sulfane
—— (Z)-2-phenyl-4-(phenylsulfanylmethylene)-1-thia-3-azaspiro[4.4]non-2-ene 1253755-21-3 C20H19NS2
(Z)-2-phenyl-4-(phenylsulfanylmethylene)-1-thia-3-azaspiro[4.4]non-2-ene
—— bis-(1-ethyl-propyl)-sulfane 5414-98-2 C10H22S
bis-(1-ethyl-propyl)-sulfane
—— 3-[3-(cyclopentylsulfanyl)-6,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-benzothiophen-1-yl]-N-(propan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide 1395919-37-5 C22H29N3O2S2
3-[3-(cyclopentylsulfanyl)-6,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-benzothiophen-1-yl]-N-(propan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide
—— 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(phenylsulfanyl)prop-2-yn-1-ol 1062602-30-5 C15H11ClOS
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(phenylsulfanyl)prop-2-yn-1-ol
—— 4-(4-bromobenzyl)-2-phenyl-5-(phenylsulfanyl)-thiazole 1167412-42-1 C22H16BrNS2
4-(4-bromobenzyl)-2-phenyl-5-(phenylsulfanyl)-thiazole
—— 2-phenyl-5-(phenylsulfanyl)-4-(2-thienylmethyl)-thiazole 1167412-44-3 C20H15NS3
2-phenyl-5-(phenylsulfanyl)-4-(2-thienylmethyl)-thiazole
—— 1-methanesulfinyl-heptadecan-2-one 51840-11-0 C18H36O2S
1-methanesulfinyl-heptadecan-2-one
—— 4-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-phenyl-5-(phenylsulfanyl)thiazole 1167412-41-0 C22H16FNS2
4-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-phenyl-5-(phenylsulfanyl)thiazole