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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 4-ethoxy-2,6-bis(methylthio)-5-octylpyrimidine 910224-42-9 C16H28N2OS2
4-ethoxy-2,6-bis(methylthio)-5-octylpyrimidine
—— 4-methylthio-5-[2-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)ethylthio]-1,3-diselenole-2-selone 444603-43-4 C11H16O2S2Se3
4-methylthio-5-[2-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)ethylthio]-1,3-diselenole-2-selone
—— 2,4-bis(methylthio)-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2-d]pyrimidine 546051-88-1 C15H16N2S2
2,4-bis(methylthio)-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2-d]pyrimidine
—— 2,9-dithiadeca-3,5,7-triyne 625830-07-1 C8H6S2
2,9-dithiadeca-3,5,7-triyne
—— 2-cyclohexyl-4,5-dimethyl-6-(methylthio)pyrimidine 1192739-74-4 C13H20N2S
2-cyclohexyl-4,5-dimethyl-6-(methylthio)pyrimidine
—— 2-(3-{[(methylsulfanyl)carbonyl]amino}adamantan-1-yl)acetic acid 864411-39-2 C14H21NO3S
2-(3-{[(methylsulfanyl)carbonyl]amino}adamantan-1-yl)acetic acid
—— 6-amino-4-methyl-5-methylsulfanyl-2-oxo-1H-pyridine-3-carbonitrile 89110-37-2 C8H9N3OS
6-amino-4-methyl-5-methylsulfanyl-2-oxo-1H-pyridine-3-carbonitrile
—— 6-amino-4-butyl-5-methylsulfanyl-2-oxo-1H-pyridine-3-carbonitrile 107450-01-1 C11H15N3OS
6-amino-4-butyl-5-methylsulfanyl-2-oxo-1H-pyridine-3-carbonitrile
—— ethyl (Z)-3-[(4-butyl-5-cyano-3-methylsulfanyl-6-oxo-1H-pyridin-2-yl)amino]-2-cyanoprop-2-enoate 108584-37-8 C17H20N4O3S
ethyl (Z)-3-[(4-butyl-5-cyano-3-methylsulfanyl-6-oxo-1H-pyridin-2-yl)amino]-2-cyanoprop-2-enoate
—— ethyl (Z)-2-cyano-3-[(5-cyano-4-methyl-3-methylsulfanyl-6-oxo-1H-pyridin-2-yl)amino]prop-2-enoate 108584-36-7 C14H14N4O3S
ethyl (Z)-2-cyano-3-[(5-cyano-4-methyl-3-methylsulfanyl-6-oxo-1H-pyridin-2-yl)amino]prop-2-enoate
—— 5-methylsulfanyl-[1,2,3,4]thiatriazole 52098-77-8 C2H3N3S2
5-methylsulfanyl-[1,2,3,4]thiatriazole
—— amino-6 cyano-3 thiomethyl-5 (1H) pyridone-2 11 107450-22-6 C7H7N3OS
amino-6 cyano-3 thiomethyl-5 (1H) pyridone-2 11
—— 1-<1,1-Bis-(phenylthio)-propyl>-cyclohexanol 61173-89-5 C21H26OS2
1-<1,1-Bis-(phenylthio)-propyl>-cyclohexanol
—— 1-mercapto-1,1-bis(trimethylsilyl)pentane-2-thione 1493803-94-3 C11H26S2Si2
1-mercapto-1,1-bis(trimethylsilyl)pentane-2-thione
—— 3-(pyridin-2-ylthio)propanenitrile 702-05-6 C8H8N2S
3-(pyridin-2-ylthio)propanenitrile
—— 1-methanesulfinyl-heptan-2-one 2863-47-0 C8H16O2S
1-methanesulfinyl-heptan-2-one
—— 3-(3-Propylthio-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)pyridine 131987-98-9 C10H11N3S2
3-(3-Propylthio-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)pyridine
—— 1-isopropylidene-3-methylthioisosemicarbazide 41208-11-1 C5H11N3S
1-isopropylidene-3-methylthioisosemicarbazide
—— 2-(Phenylthio)hexanal 52190-44-0 C12H16OS
2-(Phenylthio)hexanal
—— 2-methanesulfonyl-octan-3-one 14723-77-4 C9H18O3S
2-methanesulfonyl-octan-3-one
—— (E)-5-phenylsulfanylnon-3-en-2-one 711028-29-4 C15H20OS
(E)-5-phenylsulfanylnon-3-en-2-one
—— 2-methylsulfanyl-hexanol 148691-00-3 C7H16OS
2-methylsulfanyl-hexanol
—— 5-butyl-2-(methylthio)-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 30150-58-4 C9H14N2OS
5-butyl-2-(methylthio)-4(3H)-pyrimidinone
—— Ethyl E-2-Cyano-3-(3-methylthio-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)aminoacrylate 113967-63-8 C9H11N5O2S
Ethyl E-2-Cyano-3-(3-methylthio-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)aminoacrylate
—— N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-[(6-phenyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl)methyl]amine 142503-89-7 C17H14ClN5S
N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-[(6-phenyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl)methyl]amine
—— 1-trimethylsiloxy-1-phenylthio-1-hexene 68117-64-6 C15H24OSSi
1-trimethylsiloxy-1-phenylthio-1-hexene
—— 2-Phenylthiohexansaeureethylester 156730-69-7 C14H20O2S
2-Phenylthiohexansaeureethylester
—— O-tert-butyl S-methyl carbonodithioate 37527-08-5 C6H12OS2
O-tert-butyl S-methyl carbonodithioate
—— O-(E)-2-hexenyl methylxanthate 1018478-96-0 C8H14OS2
O-(E)-2-hexenyl methylxanthate
—— O-[(E)-2-hexen-1-yl] azetidine-1-carbothioate 1018479-04-3 C10H17NOS
O-[(E)-2-hexen-1-yl] azetidine-1-carbothioate
—— 1-methyl-2-((4-nitrophenyl)thio)-1H-imidazole 84314-59-0 C10H9N3O2S
1-methyl-2-((4-nitrophenyl)thio)-1H-imidazole
—— 1,4-bis-(4-pyridylsulfenylmethyl)benzene 220905-48-6 C18H16N2S2
1,4-bis-(4-pyridylsulfenylmethyl)benzene
—— 6-allyl-4-(phenylthio)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-2-one 597556-85-9 C14H15NOS
6-allyl-4-(phenylthio)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-2-one
—— 1-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide 13557-24-9 C8H9ClS
1-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide
—— 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid 1-[[(methylsulfanyl)carbonyl]oxy]ethyl ester 886051-30-5 C9H16O4S
2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid 1-[[(methylsulfanyl)carbonyl]oxy]ethyl ester
—— 1-(phenylthio)ethyl pivalate 122364-93-6 C13H18O2S
1-(phenylthio)ethyl pivalate
—— 6-Phenyl-N-(4-methylphenyl)-7H-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine-3-methanamine 142503-91-1 C18H17N5S
6-Phenyl-N-(4-methylphenyl)-7H-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine-3-methanamine
—— (2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfane 1421690-03-0 C15H16O3S
(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfane
—— N-(2-(phenylthio)ethyl)aniline 92249-42-8 C14H15NS
N-(2-(phenylthio)ethyl)aniline
—— 4-Bromo-5-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-3-(oxan-2-yloxymethyl)-1,2-oxazole 934001-91-9 C16H18BrNO3S
4-Bromo-5-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-3-(oxan-2-yloxymethyl)-1,2-oxazole
—— (2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(p-tolyl)sulfane 5667-53-8 C15H16O2S
(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(p-tolyl)sulfane
—— 1,3-dimethoxy-2-(4-nitrophenylsulfanyl)benzene 1314254-22-2 C14H13NO4S
1,3-dimethoxy-2-(4-nitrophenylsulfanyl)benzene
—— 2-butyl-2-hex-1-ynyl-1,3-dithiolane 904928-63-8 C13H22S2
2-butyl-2-hex-1-ynyl-1,3-dithiolane
—— phenyl ethyl(phenyl)carbamodithioate 62604-37-9 C15H15NS2
phenyl ethyl(phenyl)carbamodithioate
—— 2-methyl-2-phenylsulfanylbutan-3-one 35875-02-6 C11H14OS
2-methyl-2-phenylsulfanylbutan-3-one
—— 4,5,5-Trimethyl-3-(phenylthio)-2(5H)-furanone 77320-65-1 C13H14O2S
4,5,5-Trimethyl-3-(phenylthio)-2(5H)-furanone
—— 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[4-(3-hydroxy-phenyl)-but-3-ynyl]-3-phenylsulfanyl-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione 612062-70-1 C26H26O4S
6-Cyclopentyl-6-[4-(3-hydroxy-phenyl)-but-3-ynyl]-3-phenylsulfanyl-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione
—— Ethyl 4-Bromo-3,4-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2-(phenylthio)pentanoate 77320-64-0 C15H21BrO3S
Ethyl 4-Bromo-3,4-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2-(phenylthio)pentanoate
—— 3-Amino-2-methyl-2-butanthiol 17123-14-7 C5H13NS
3-Amino-2-methyl-2-butanthiol
—— 4-hexyl-5,5-dimethyl-4-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-2-phenylthio-tetrahydrofuran 249766-66-3 C21H36O2SSi
4-hexyl-5,5-dimethyl-4-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-2-phenylthio-tetrahydrofuran