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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 88027-41-2 C2ClF3N2PS2
—— S-[2-(N-3'-o-tolylprop-2'-ynyl)aminophenyl]-N,N-dimethylthiocarbamate 352556-28-6 C19H20N2OS
S-[2-(N-3'-o-tolylprop-2'-ynyl)aminophenyl]-N,N-dimethylthiocarbamate
—— 88005-87-2 C3ClF2N3PS3
—— n-butyl 2-tolyl sulfide 15560-99-3 C11H16S
n-butyl 2-tolyl sulfide
—— 88005-88-3 C4F2N4PS4
—— 3-(2-aminophenylthio)-1-(2-methylphenyl)prop-1-yne 260803-74-5 C16H15NS
3-(2-aminophenylthio)-1-(2-methylphenyl)prop-1-yne
—— o-tolyl N,N-dimethyl-N'-phenylcarbamimidothioate 33328-10-8 C16H18N2S
o-tolyl N,N-dimethyl-N'-phenylcarbamimidothioate
—— S-trifluoromethyl carbonoisothiocyanatothioate 67756-30-3 C3F3NOS2
S-trifluoromethyl carbonoisothiocyanatothioate
—— cis-PF4(NCS)2(1-) 76829-73-7 C2F4N2PS2
cis-PF4(NCS)2(1-)
—— pentafluorothiocyanatophosphate 77057-65-9 CF5NPS
pentafluorothiocyanatophosphate
—— diethylphosphinyl isothiocyanate 20443-13-4 C5H10NOPS
diethylphosphinyl isothiocyanate
—— 1,1-Dimethoxy-2-(3'-methylthioanilino)-propan 57330-54-8 C12H19NO2S
1,1-Dimethoxy-2-(3'-methylthioanilino)-propan
—— 4-(Methylsulfanyl)-6-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3-carbonitrile 743431-91-6 C14H11NO2S2
4-(Methylsulfanyl)-6-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3-carbonitrile
—— Isothiocyanatopentafluorocyclotriphosphonitril 28650-12-6 CF5N4P3S
Isothiocyanatopentafluorocyclotriphosphonitril
—— Isothiocyanatoheptafluorocyclotetraphosphonitril 28772-63-6 CF7N5P4S
Isothiocyanatoheptafluorocyclotetraphosphonitril
—— iodine isothiocyanate 105918-65-8 CINS
iodine isothiocyanate
—— 6-(4-bromophenyl)-4-methylsulfanyl-2H-pyran-2-one-3-carbonitrile 61380-87-8 C13H8BrNO2S
6-(4-bromophenyl)-4-methylsulfanyl-2H-pyran-2-one-3-carbonitrile
—— dichloro-isothiocyanato-phosphine 1858-33-9 CCl2NPS
dichloro-isothiocyanato-phosphine
—— 1-[3-(4-fluorophenylthio)]propyl chloride 5322-56-5 C9H10ClFS
1-[3-(4-fluorophenylthio)]propyl chloride
—— <i>S</i>-<i>tert</i>-pentyl-isothiourea 96493-47-9 C6H14N2S
<i>S</i>-<i>tert</i>-pentyl-isothiourea
—— 2,4,6-tribromopropylthiobenzene 642068-44-8 C9H9Br3S
2,4,6-tribromopropylthiobenzene
—— 3,5-dibromo-6-propylthiophenylboronic acid 642068-41-5 C9H11BBr2O2S
3,5-dibromo-6-propylthiophenylboronic acid
—— 3-(5-nitro-[2]pyridylmercapto)-propionic acid 89977-17-3 C8H8N2O4S
3-(5-nitro-[2]pyridylmercapto)-propionic acid
—— (1S,2R)-2-[2-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxymethyl]phenyl]-2-(2-methoxypropan-2-yloxy)-1-(6,6,8-trimethyl-1,4-dithiaspiro[4.5]dec-7-en-7-yl)ethanol 159143-42-7 C30H50O4S2Si
(1S,2R)-2-[2-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxymethyl]phenyl]-2-(2-methoxypropan-2-yloxy)-1-(6,6,8-trimethyl-1,4-dithiaspiro[4.5]dec-7-en-7-yl)ethanol
—— chloro-2-fluoro-5-phenylthiopyridine 344781-85-7 C11H7ClFNS
chloro-2-fluoro-5-phenylthiopyridine
—— 3-(6-Methyl-pyridin-2-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid 309728-93-6 C9H11NO2S
3-(6-Methyl-pyridin-2-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
—— β-<3-Fluor-phenylmercapto>-propionsaeure 21243-10-7 C9H9FO2S
β-<3-Fluor-phenylmercapto>-propionsaeure
—— 3-((3,4-difluorophenyl)thio)propanoic acid 863667-96-3 C9H8F2O2S
3-((3,4-difluorophenyl)thio)propanoic acid
—— O-methyl dipropylcarbamothioate 1204183-63-0 C8H17NOS
O-methyl dipropylcarbamothioate
—— <2>-Pyridylmercaptoaceton 3166-26-5 C8H9NOS
<2>-Pyridylmercaptoaceton
—— S-methyl 4-methylsulfanylphenylcarbamothioate 1228308-00-6 C9H11NOS2
S-methyl 4-methylsulfanylphenylcarbamothioate
—— N-(diisopropoxyphosphoryl)-N'-(tert-butyl)thiocarbamide 89207-07-8 C11H25N2O3PS
N-(diisopropoxyphosphoryl)-N'-(tert-butyl)thiocarbamide
—— 3,4-bis(methylbutylthio)thiophene 211236-87-2 C14H24S3
3,4-bis(methylbutylthio)thiophene
—— O-methyl dibutylcarbamothioate 1207727-78-3 C10H21NOS
O-methyl dibutylcarbamothioate
—— S-methylsulfenyl O-methyl thiocarbonate 55048-60-7 C3H6O2S2
S-methylsulfenyl O-methyl thiocarbonate
—— 3-methoxy-3-(methylthio)acrylonitrile 51245-79-5 C5H7NOS
3-methoxy-3-(methylthio)acrylonitrile
—— N-ethyl O-methyl thiocarbamate 65351-53-3 C4H9NOS
N-ethyl O-methyl thiocarbamate
—— 2-Methoxy-3-methylsulfanylthiophene 114143-31-6 C6H8OS2
2-Methoxy-3-methylsulfanylthiophene
—— diethylthiocarbamic acid methyl ester 62604-36-8 C6H13NOS
diethylthiocarbamic acid methyl ester
—— 2-isopropylphenyl 4-methylphenyl sulfide 880640-87-9 C16H18S
2-isopropylphenyl 4-methylphenyl sulfide
—— p-tolyl N-bis(dimethylamino)methylene-N'-(4-chlorophenyl)carbamimidothioate 1564286-37-8 C19H23ClN4S
p-tolyl N-bis(dimethylamino)methylene-N'-(4-chlorophenyl)carbamimidothioate
—— p-tolyl bis(dimethylamino)methylenecarbamodithioate 1564286-44-7 C13H19N3S2
p-tolyl bis(dimethylamino)methylenecarbamodithioate
—— p-tolyl N-bis(dimethylamino)methylene-N'-phenylcarbamimidothioate 1564286-32-3 C19H24N4S
p-tolyl N-bis(dimethylamino)methylene-N'-phenylcarbamimidothioate
—— 3-(2-aminophenylthio)-1-(4-methylphenyl)prop-1-yne 260803-75-6 C16H15NS
3-(2-aminophenylthio)-1-(4-methylphenyl)prop-1-yne
—— 5-(difluoromethoxy)-2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]-1H-benzimidazole 1312711-62-8 C15H12F2N2OS
5-(difluoromethoxy)-2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]-1H-benzimidazole
—— 2-(p-tolylthio)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole 4946-28-5 C14H12N2S
2-(p-tolylthio)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole
—— N-(diisopropoxyphosphoryl)-N'-isopropyl-thiocarbamide 902146-67-2 C10H23N2O3PS
N-(diisopropoxyphosphoryl)-N'-isopropyl-thiocarbamide
—— (2-methylbutyl)(p-tolyl)sulfane 1286763-64-1 C12H18S
(2-methylbutyl)(p-tolyl)sulfane
—— 2-(phenylsulfanyl)-N-[2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl]acetamide 832713-52-7 C15H16N2OS
2-(phenylsulfanyl)-N-[2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl]acetamide
—— 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methylsulfanylpyran-4-one 117671-83-7 C12H9ClO2S
2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methylsulfanylpyran-4-one