有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
7,8-二甲氧基-3-(3-碘代丙基)-1,3-二氢-2H-3-苯并氮杂卓-2-酮 | 3-(3-iodopropyl)-7,8-dimethoxy-1,3-dihydro-2H-3-benzazepin-2-one | 148870-57-9 | C15H18INO3 |
|
7,8-二甲氧基-1,3,4,5-四氢苯并氮杂卓-2-酮 | 7,8-dimethoxy-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[d]azepin-2-one | 20925-64-8 | C12H15NO3 |
|
7,8-二氧杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-酮 | 7-Oxo-6,8-dioxabicyclo<3.2.1>octane | 5257-20-5 | C6H8O3 |
|
7,8,3',4'-四羟基二氢黄酮 | isookanin | 489-73-6 | C15H12O6 |
|
7,7’-亚氨双(4-羟基-2-萘磺酸) | 7,7'-iminobis(4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid) | 87-03-6 | C20H15NO8S2 |
|
7,7-二氯二环[3.2.0]庚-2-烯-6-酮 | (+/-)-7,7-dichlorobicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one | 5307-99-3 | C7H6Cl2O |
|
7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,4-二氧杂-8-氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-2-甲醇 | (7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]dec-2-yl)-methanol | 53825-32-4 | C12H23NO3 |
|
7,7,8,8-四氰基对苯二醌二甲烷 | 7,7',8,8'-tetracyanoquinodimethane | 1518-16-7 | C12H4N4 |
|
7,4-二甲氧基黄酮 | 4,7-dimethoxyflavone | 20979-50-4 | C17H14O4 |
|
7,3',5'-三羟基二氢黄酮 | 7,3',5'-Trihydroxyflavanone | 847375-46-6 | C15H12O5 |
|
7,14-二苯基苊并荧蒽 | 7,14-diphenylacenaphthol[1,2-k]-fluoranthene | 7229-88-1 | C38H22 |
|
7 - 甲基-1H -苯并[D]咪唑 | 4-methylbenzimidazole | 4887-83-6 | C8H8N2 |
|
6β-泼尼松龙-21-乙酸甲酯 | [2-[(6R,8S,9S,10R,11S,13S,14S,17R)-11,17-dihydroxy-6,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-oxoethyl] acetate | 1048031-82-8 | C24H32O6 |
|
6alpha-醋酸氟泼尼龙 | 6α-Fluor-prednisolon-21-acetat | 570-36-5 | C23H29FO6 |
|
635-氟-4-碘-2-甲基苯胺 | 2-methyl-5-fluoro-4-iodoaniline | 307306-08-7 | C7H7FIN |
|
6-马来酰亚胺己酸肼 | N-ε-maleimidocaproic acid hydrazide | 81186-33-6 | C10H15N3O3 |
|
6-马来酰亚胺基己酸 | 2,5-Dihydro-2,5-dioxo-1H-pyrrole-1-hexanoic acid | 55750-53-3 | C10H13NO4 |
|
6-苯甲酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯里嗪-1-羧酸 | (+/-)-6-Benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid | 1026936-07-1 | C15H13NO3 |
|
6-苯氧基苯并[d]噻唑-2-胺 | 6-phenoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine | 65948-19-8 | C13H10N2OS |
|
6-苯氧基烟酰氯 | 6-phenoxynicotinoyl chloride | 51362-51-7 | C12H8ClNO2 |
|
6-苯并噻唑甲醛 | benzo[d]thiazole-6-carbaldehyde | 19989-67-4 | C8H5NOS |
|
6-苯并噻唑甲醇 | (1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)methanol | 19989-66-3 | C8H7NOS |
|
6-苯并噁唑羧酸甲酯 | benzoxazole-6-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 1305711-40-3 | C9H7NO3 |
|
6-苯基苯并[d]异噁唑-3-胺 | 6-phenyl-3-amino-1,2-benzisoxazole | 268734-42-5 | C13H10N2O |
|
6-苯基尿嘧啶 | 6-phenyluracil | 13345-09-0 | C10H8N2O2 |
|
6-苄氧基-苯并呋喃-2-羧酸 | 6-Benzyloxycumaron-2-carbonsaeure | 92964-98-2 | C16H12O4 |
|
6-苄氧基-9-[(1S,3R,4S)-2-亚甲基-4-苄氧基-3-苄氧基甲基环戊基]-9H-嘌呤-2-胺 | (1S,3R,4S)-2-amino-6-benzyloxy-9-(4-benzyloxy-3-benzyloxymethyl-2-methylene-cyclopentyl)-9H-purine | 204845-95-4 | C33H33N5O3 |
|
6-苄基氨基-1-(4'-苯基丁氧基)己烷 | N-<6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl>benzenemethanamine | 97664-55-6 | C23H33NO |
|
6-苄基-2,6-二氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 6-benzyl-2,6-diazaspiro[3.4]octane-2-carboxylate | 1352926-14-7 | C18H26N2O2 |
|
6-膦酰基己酸 | 6-phosphonohexanoic acid | 5662-75-9 | C6H13O5P |
|
6-肼基烟酸琥珀酰亚胺酯盐酸盐 | succinimidyl 6-hydrazinopyridine-3-carboxylate hydrochloride | 133081-27-3 | C10H10N4O4*ClH |
|
6-肼基异喹啉二盐酸盐 | 6-Hydrazinylisoquinoline | 912761-89-8 | C9H9N3 |
|
6-肼基喹啉盐酸盐 | 7-Hydrazinylquinoline hydrochloride | 15794-14-6 | C9H10ClN3 |
|
6-肼基喹啉 | [6]quinolyl-hydrazine | 16023-69-1 | C9H9N3 |
|
6-肼基咪唑并[1,2-b]吡嗪 | 6-hydrazinoimidazol[1,2-b]pyridazine | 6653-91-4 | C6H7N5 |
|
6-肼基-2-甲基咪唑并[1,2B]哒嗪 | 6-Hydrazino-2-methyl-imidazo<1,2-b>pyridazin | 14780-57-5 | C7H9N5 |
|
6-肼基-2-甲基-4(3H)-嘧啶酮 | 6-Hydroxy-4-hydrazino-2-methylpyrimidin | 29939-38-6 | C5H8N4O |
|
6-羰基黄体酮 | 6-oxoprogesterone | 2243-08-5 | C21H28O3 |
|
6-羧己基三苯基溴化�l | (6-carboxyhexyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide | 50889-30-0 | Br*C25H28O2P |
|
6-羧基-2’,7’-二氯荧光素3’,6’-二乙酸酯琥珀酰亚胺基酯 | 6-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein-3',6'-diacetate succinimidyl ester | 852299-81-1 | C29H17Cl2NO11 |
|
6-羟基邻氨基苯甲酸 | 2-amino-6-hydroxybenzoic acid | 567-62-4 | C7H7NO3 |
|
6-羟基苯并呋喃-2-羧酸 | 6-hydroxybenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid | 334022-87-6 | C9H6O4 |
|
6-羟基苯半呋喃 | 6-hydroxybenzofuran | 13196-11-7 | C8H6O2 |
|
6-羟基甲基蝶呤 | 6-(hydroxymethyl)pterin | 712-29-8 | C7H7N5O2 |
|
6-羟基烟酰肼 | 6-hydroxynicotinic acid hydrazide | 134531-63-8 | C6H7N3O2 |
|
6-羟基己酸钠盐 | 5299-61-6 | C6H12NaO3 |
|
|
6-羟基己基丙烯酸酯 | 6-hydroxyhexyl acrylate | 10095-14-4 | C9H16O3 |
|
6-羟基多巴胺合氯化氢 | 6-hydroxydopamine hydrochloride | 28094-15-7 | C8H11NO3*ClH |
|
6-羟基嘌呤钠 | Pubchem_57350056 | 45738-97-4 | C5H4N4NaO |
|
6-羟基-N,2-二甲基苯并呋喃-3-甲酰胺 | 6-hydroxy-N,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide | 638217-08-0 | C11H11NO3 |
|