有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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8-氨基-1-萘酚-3,6-二磺酸单钠盐 | 1-Amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic Acid Monosodium Salt | 5460-09-3 | C10H9NNaO7S2 |
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8-氟-4-肼喹啉盐酸盐 | 8-Fluoro-4-hydrazinoquinoline hydrochloride | 1171070-31-7 | C9H9ClFN3 |
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8-氟-4-肼喹啉 | 8-fluoro-4-hydrazinylquinoline | 49611-99-6 | C9H8FN3 |
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8-氟-2H-3,1-苯并恶嗪-2,4(1H)-二酮 | 8-fluoro-2H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazine-2,4(1H)-dione | 174463-53-7 | C8H4FNO3 |
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8-氟-2,3-二氢苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 8-fluorochroman-4-one | 111141-00-5 | C9H7FO2 |
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8-氟-1,3,4,5-四氢-6H-吡咯并[4,3,2-ef][2]苯并氮杂卓-6-酮 | 8-fluoro-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-azepino[5,4,3-cd]indol-6-one | 1408282-26-7 | C11H9FN2O |
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8-异喹啉-甲胺二盐酸盐 | isoquinolin-8-ylmethanamine | 362606-12-0 | C10H10N2 |
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8-异丙基依托度酸 | (8-ethyl-1-isopropyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydro-pyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)acetic acid | 849630-65-5 | C18H23NO3 |
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8-异丙基依托多拉克 | (1-ethyl-8-isopropyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydro-pyrano[3,4-<i>b</i>]indol-1-yl)-acetic acid | 57917-63-2 | C18H23NO3 |
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8-异丙基-1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉 | 8-Isopropyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline | 75413-97-7 | C12H17N |
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8-巯基辛酸 | 8-mercapto-octanoic acid | 74328-61-3 | C8H16O2S |
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8-姜二酮 | <8>-gingerdione | 77334-06-6 | C19H28O4 |
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8-壬烯酸 | non-8-enoic acid | 31642-67-8 | C9H16O2 |
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8-噁-2-氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷 | 8-oxa-2-azaspiro[4.5]decane | 310-93-0 | C8H15NO |
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8-叠氮辛酸,8-AZIDO-OCTANOICACID | 8-azidooctanoic acid | 217180-76-2 | C8H15N3O2 |
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8-叠氮-1-辛胺 | 8-azidooctan-1-amine | 867338-63-4 | C8H18N4 |
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8-叔-丁基-1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷 | 8-tert-Butyl-1,4-dioxa-spiro[4.5]decane | 2223-71-4 | C12H22O2 |
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8-十六醇 | 8-hexadecanol | 19781-83-0 | C16H34O |
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8-十五烷胺 | pentadecan-8-amine | 18618-64-9 | C15H33N |
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8-二氮杂萘-1(2H)-甲酰胺 | roblitinib | 1708971-55-4 | C25H30N8O4 |
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8-乙基-2-(甲硫基)吡啶并[2,3-D]嘧啶-7(8H)-酮 | 8-ethyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one | 211244-82-5 | C10H11N3OS |
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8-[3-[(3-戊基环氧乙烷-2-基)甲基]环氧乙烷-2-基]辛酸 | 9-10,12-13-diepoxyoctadecanoic acid | 3012-69-9 | C18H32O4 |
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8-[(2S,3R)-5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-4-氧代-色满-3-基]-5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Volkensiflavone | 27542-37-6 | C30H20O10 |
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8-[(2-羟基苯甲酰基)氨基]辛酸 | 8-(N-[2-hydroxybenzoyl]amino)caprylic acid | 183990-46-7 | C15H21NO4 |
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8-[(1E)-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)乙烯基]-1,3-二乙基-3,9-二氢-1H-嘌呤-2,6-二酮 | (E)-8-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-1,3-diethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione | 155270-98-7 | C19H22N4O4 |
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8-L-精氨酸缩宫素乙酸盐 | [Arg8]-Vasotocin acetate salt | 74927-14-3 | C43H67N15O12S2 |
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8-Boc-1,8-二氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷 | tert-butyl 1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate | 937729-06-1 | C13H24N2O2 |
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8-BOC-3,8-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷 | 8-t-butoxycarbonyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane | 149771-44-8 | C11H20N2O2 |
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8-(4-溴丁基)-8-氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-7,9-二酮 | 8-(4-bromobutyl)-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione | 80827-62-9 | C13H20BrNO2 |
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8-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-3,4-二氢-1H-吡啶并[4,3-B]吲哚-2(5H)叔丁酯)-甲酸乙酯 | tert-butyl 8-(tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H,2H,3H,4H,5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole-2-carboxylate | 1253968-35-2 | C22H31BN2O4 |
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8-(2-羟基苯甲酰胺基)辛酸钠 | 203787-91-1 | C15H21NNaO4 |
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8,8'-(1,4-丁二基)双-8-氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-7,9-二酮 | 8,8'-(1,4-Butanediyl)bis-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione | 257877-44-4 | C22H32N2O4 |
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8,11,14-二十碳三烯酸 | 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid | 7324-41-6 | C20H34O2 |
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8(14)-去氢炔诺孕酮 | 8(14)-Dehydro Norgestrel | 110785-09-6 | C21H26O2 |
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7h-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-carboxylate | 915142-91-5 | C9H9N3O2 |
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7beta-螺内酯 | β-spironolactone | 33784-05-3 | C24H32O4S |
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7H-十二氟庚酸 | 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-dodecafluoroheptanoic acid | 1546-95-8 | C7H2F12O2 |
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7H-十二氟庚酰氯 | 7,H-dodecafluoroheptanoyl chloride | 41405-35-0 | C7HClF12O |
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7Alpha-双稠吡咯啶-乙酸盐酸盐 | 7α-bis-pyrrolidine-acetic acid hydrochloride | 124655-63-6 | C9H15NO2*ClH |
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7-(氯甲基)-5H-[1,3,4]噻二唑[3,2-a]嘧啶-5-酮 | 7-chloromethyl-5H-1,3,4-thiadiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-5-one | 87572-02-9 | C6H4ClN3OS |
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7-马来酰亚胺N-琥珀酰亚胺基庚 | 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 7-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)heptanoate | 724721-93-1 | C15H18N2O6 |
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7-酮基去氢表雄酮醋酸酯 | 7,17-Dioxoandrost-5-en-3-yl acetate | 1449-61-2 | C21H28O4 |
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7-辛烯醛 | oct-7-enal | 21573-31-9 | C8H14O |
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7-辛烯酸 | oct-7-enoic acid | 18719-24-9 | C8H14O2 |
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7-苯甲酰基庚酸 | 8-oxo-8-phenyloctanoic acid | 24314-23-6 | C14H18O3 |
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7-苯并噻唑羧醛 | benzo[d]thiazole-7-carbaldehyde | 144876-37-9 | C8H5NOS |
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7-苯并噻唑羧酸 | benzo[d]thiazole-7-carboxylic acid | 677304-83-5 | C8H5NO2S |
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7-苯基庚酸 | 7-phenylheptanoic acid | 40228-90-8 | C13H18O2 |
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7-苄氧基吲哚 | 7-benzyloxyindole | 20289-27-4 | C15H13NO |
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7-苄氧基-10,11-二氢二苯并[b,f[[1,4]硫氮杂卓-11-酮 | 7-Benzyloxy-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f[[1,4]thiazepin-11-one | 329217-07-4 | C20H15NO2S |
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