有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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7-氨基-1,3,5-萘三磺酸 | 7-amino-1,3,5-naphthalenetrisulphonic acid | 27310-25-4 | C10H9NO9S3 |
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7-氧杂双环[4.1.0]庚-3-基甲基丙烯酸酯 | 1-acryloyloxymethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane | 64630-63-3 | C10H14O3 |
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7-氧杂双环(2.2.1)庚-5-烯-2,3-二甲酰亚胺 | 3,6-epoxy-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide | 6253-28-7 | C8H7NO3 |
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7-氧杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-2-酮 | 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-one | 6705-49-3 | C6H8O2 |
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7-氧杂-1-氮杂螺[4.4]壬烷盐酸盐 | 7-Oxa-1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane hydrochloride | 1620569-18-7 | C7H14ClNO |
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7-氧代胆甾-5-烯-3-beta-基乙酸酯 | 7-ketocholesteryl acetate | 809-51-8 | C29H46O3 |
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7-氟苯并二氢吡喃-4-酮 | 7-fluorochroman-4-one | 113209-68-0 | C9H7FO2 |
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7-氟喹唑啉-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮 | 7-fluoroquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 76088-98-7 | C8H5FN2O2 |
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7-氟-5-甲基靛红 | 7-fluoro-5-methyl-1H-Indole-2,3-dione | 442910-92-1 | C9H6FNO2 |
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7-氟-4-甲基靛红 | 4-methyl-7-fluoroisatin | 749240-53-7 | C9H6FNO2 |
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7-氟-4-氧代-4H-色烯-2-羧酸 | 7-fluoro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxylic acid | 128942-39-2 | C10H5FO4 |
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7-氟-4,4-二甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-喹啉 | 7-Fluoro-4,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline | 1187933-43-2 | C11H14FN |
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7-氟-3H-1,3-苯并噻唑-2-硫酮 | 2-mercapto-7-fluorobenzothiazole | 154327-29-4 | C7H4FNS2 |
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7-氟-3.4-二氢-4-甲基-2H-1.4-苯并二氮卓-2.5(1H)-二酮 | 7-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-4-methyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5(1H)-dione | 78755-80-3 | C10H9FN2O2 |
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7-氟-3-碘-1H-吲唑 | 7-fluoro-3-iodo-1H-indazole | 944904-38-5 | C7H4FIN2 |
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7-氟-2H-3,1-苯并噁嗪-2,4-二酮 | 7-fluoro-1H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazine-2,4-dione | 321-50-6 | C8H4FNO3 |
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7-氟-1H-苯并[D]咪唑-2-甲醛 | 4-fluoro-1H-benzimidazole-2-carbaldehyde | 615568-96-2 | C8H5FN2O |
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7-氟-1-苯并噻吩-2-羧酸 | 7-fluorobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid | 550998-67-9 | C9H5FO2S |
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7-吲哚甲酸 | 1H-Indole-7-carboxylic acid | 1670-83-3 | C9H7NO2 |
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7-吗啉-4-基苯并[1,2,5]恶二唑-4-基胺 | 7-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-amine | 842964-18-5 | C10H12N4O2 |
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7-叠氮庚酸 | 7-azidoheptanoic acid | 135920-28-4 | C7H13N3O2 |
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7-十三酮 | tridecan-7-one | 462-18-0 | C13H26O |
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7-十三烷醇 | tridecan-7-ol | 927-45-7 | C13H28O |
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7-二乙氨基-3-(4-马来酸亚胺苯基-4-甲基香豆素 | 7-diethylamino-3-(4'-maleimidylphenyl)-4-methylcoumarin | 76877-33-3 | C24H22N2O4 |
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7-乙氧基萘-1-氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (7-ethoxy-1-naphthyl)carbamate | 624729-63-1 | C17H21NO3 |
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7-乙氧基-4-氯喹啉 | 4-chloro-7-ethoxyquinoline | 178984-50-4 | C11H10ClNO |
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7-三氟甲氧基靛红 | 7-(trifluoromethoxy)indoline-2,3-dione | 149125-30-4 | C9H4F3NO3 |
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7-三氟甲基靛红 | 7-trifluoromethylisatin | 391-12-8 | C9H4F3NO2 |
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7-Boc-5,6,7,8-四氢咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪 | tert-butyl 5,6-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-7(8H)-carboxylate | 345311-03-7 | C11H17N3O2 |
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7-Boc-2-氧代-1,7-二氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷 | tert-butyl 2-oxo-1,7-diazaspiro[3.5]nonane-7-carboxylate | 392331-78-1 | C12H20N2O3 |
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7-Boc-1,7-二氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷 | tert-butyl 1,7-diazaspiro[3.5]nonane-7-carboxylate | 1180112-41-7 | C12H22N2O2 |
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7-BOC-2,7-二氮杂-螺[4.5]癸烷盐酸盐 | tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate hydrochloride | 1279856-08-4 | C13H24N2O2*ClH |
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7-(苯磺酰基)-4-氯-6-碘-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-6-iodo-7-(phenylsulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 876343-09-8 | C12H7ClIN3O2S |
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7-(苯基甲氧基)-1H-吲唑 | 7-benzyloxyindazole | 351210-09-8 | C14H12N2O |
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7-(苄氧基)-N-(4-溴-2-氟苯基)-6-甲氧基喹唑啉-4-胺 | 7-(benzyloxy)-N-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxyquinazolin-4-amine hydrochloride | 768350-54-5 | C22H17BrFN3O2 |
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7-(溴甲基)十三烷 | 7-(bromomethyl)tridecane | 115007-16-4 | C14H29Br |
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7-(叔丁氧基羰基)-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,7-萘啶-3-羧酸 | 7-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid | 1245645-20-8 | C14H18N2O4 |
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7-(二氟甲基)异喹啉 | 7-(Difluoromethyl)isoquinoline | 1204298-71-4 | C10H7F2N |
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7-(三氟甲基)喹唑啉-4(3H)-酮 | 7-(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one | 16499-58-4 | C9H5F3N2O |
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7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-A]吡啶-2-甲酸 | 7-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid | 1620569-19-8 | C9H5F3N2O2 |
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7-(N,N-二乙基氨基)-4-氯香豆素-3-甲醛 | 4-chloro-7-diethylaminocoumarin-3-aldehyde | 136918-66-6 | C14H14ClNO3 |
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7-(4-溴苯甲酰)-1,3-二氢-2H-吲哚-2-酮 | 7-(4-bromobenzoyl)indolin-2-one | 91713-91-6 | C15H10BrNO2 |
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7-(4-氨基-2-甲基苯基)偶氮萘-1,3-二磺酸 | 1,3-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 7-[(4-amino-2-methylphenyl)azo]- | 2494-93-1 | C17H15N3O6S2 |
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7-(2-吗啉-4-基-乙氧基)-2-(4-硝基苯基)咪唑并[2,1-b][1,3]-苯并噻唑 | 4-(2-((2-(4-nitrophenyl)benzo[d]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-7-yl)oxy)ethyl)morpholine | 950769-60-5 | C21H20N4O4S |
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7-(2-丁炔-1-基)-8-[(3R)-3-(1,3-二氢-1,3-二氧代-2H-异吲哚-2- | 1-[(4-methyl-quinazolin-2-yl)methyl]-3-methyl-7-(2-butyn-1-yl)-8-(3-(R)-phthalimidopiperidin-1-yl)xanthine | 886588-63-2 | C33H30N8O4 |
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7,9-二苯基-8H-环戊并[a]苊烯-8-酮 | acecyclone | 641-57-6 | C27H16O |
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7,9-二甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢苯并[b]氮杂-5-酮 | 7,9-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-benzo[b]azepin-5-one | 886367-24-4 | C12H15NO |
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7,9-二氧代-8-氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-6,10-二甲腈 | 7,9-dioxo-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-6,10-dicarbonitrile | 42940-56-7 | C11H11N3O2 |
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7,9-二叔丁基-1-氧杂螺[4.5]癸-6,9-二烯-2,8-二酮 | 7,9-di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione | 82304-66-3 | C17H24O3 |
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7,8-二甲氧基黄酮 | 7,8-dimethoxyflavone | 65548-54-1 | C17H14O4 |
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