有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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9-羟基-9-芴甲酸甲酯 | methyl 9-hydroxy-9H-fluorene-9-carboxylate | 1216-44-0 | C15H12O3 |
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9-羟基-3-(2-羟乙基)-2-甲基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮 | 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one | 181525-38-2 | C11H12N2O3 |
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9-碘菲 | 9-iodo-phenanthrene | 17024-12-3 | C14H9I |
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9-硼双环[3.3.1]壬烷-诺卜醇苄醚加合物 | NB-Enantrane | 81971-15-5 | C26H39BO |
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9-硝基油酸 | 9-nitrooleic acid | 875685-44-2 | C18H33NO4 |
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9-癸炔酸 | dec-9-ynoic acid | 1642-49-5 | C10H16O2 |
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9-甲酰基壬酸 | 10-oxodecanoic acid | 5578-80-3 | C10H18O3 |
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9-甲基-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-咔唑-1-酮 | 9-methyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazol-1-one | 1485-19-4 | C13H13NO |
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9-溴蒽 | 9-Bromoanthracene | 1564-64-3 | C14H9Br |
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9-溴菲 | 9-bromophenanthrene | 573-17-1 | C14H9Br |
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9-溴芴 | 9H-fluoren-9-yl bromide | 1940-57-4 | C13H9Br |
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9-溴壬酸乙酯 | ethyl 9-bromononanoate | 28598-81-4 | C11H21BrO2 |
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9-溴壬酸 | 9-bromononanoic acid | 41059-02-3 | C9H17BrO2 |
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9-溴-9-苯基芴 | 9-bromo-9-phenyl-9H-fluorene | 55135-66-5 | C19H13Br |
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9-溴-7H-苯并[C]咔唑 | 9-bromo-7H-benzo[c]carbazole | 1357572-66-7 | C16H10BrN |
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9-溴-7-苯基-7H-苯并[C]咔唑 | 9-bromo-7-phenyl-7H-benzo[c]carbazole | 1357572-67-8 | C22H14BrN |
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9-溴-6alpha-氟-11beta,17,21-三羟基-16alpha-甲基孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮 21-乙酸酯 | 9α-Bromo-6α-fluoro-11β,17α,21-trihydroxy-16α-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 21-acetate | 1997-73-5 | C24H30BrFO6 |
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9-溴-10-[4-(2-萘基)苯基]蒽 | 9-bromo-10-(4-(naphthalen-2-yl)phenyl)anthracene | 866611-29-2 | C30H19Br |
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9-溴-1-壬醇乙酸酯 | 9-bromononyl acetate | 53596-82-0 | C11H21BrO2 |
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9-溴-1-壬烯 | 9-bromo-1-nonene | 89359-54-6 | C9H17Br |
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9-氯蒽 | 9-chloroanthracene | 716-53-0 | C14H9Cl |
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9-氯-11beta,17,21-三羟基-16beta-甲基孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮 21-丙酸酯 | 21-beclomethasone monopropionate | 69224-79-9 | C25H33ClO6 |
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9-氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3-酮盐酸盐 | 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-one hydrochloride | 72761-60-5 | C8H13NO*ClH |
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9-氨基芴盐酸盐 | 9H-fluoren-9-amine hydrochloride | 5978-75-6 | C13H11N*ClH |
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9-氧代利司哌酮 | 3-[2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzisoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl]-9-oxo-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido-[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one | 1189516-65-1 | C23H25FN4O3 |
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9-氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]-7-十一烯-3-羧酸苄酯 | benzyl 9-oxo-3-azaspiro[5.5]undec-7-ene-3-carboxylate | 189333-18-4 | C18H21NO3 |
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9-氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]-7-十一烯-3-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 9-oxo-3-azaspiro[5.5]undec-7-ene-3-carboxylate | 873924-07-3 | C15H23NO3 |
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9-氟-3,4-二氢-1H-吡啶并[4,3-B]吲哚-2(5H)-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 9-fluoro-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole-2-carboxylate | 1186100-12-8 | C16H19FN2O2 |
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9-氟-11beta,17,21-三羟基-16beta-甲基孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮 17-丙酸酯 | Betamethasone propionate | 5534-13-4 | C25H33FO6 |
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9-氟-11,17-二羟基-16alpha-甲基-3-氧代雄甾-1,4-二烯-17-羧酸 | OxDex | 37927-01-8 | C21H27FO5 |
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9-己基-3,6-双(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)-9H-咔唑 | 9-hexyl-3,6-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-9H-carbazole | 628336-95-8 | C30H43B2NO4 |
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9-巯基-1-壬醇 | 9-mercapto-1-nonanol | 131215-92-4 | C9H20OS |
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9-均三甲苯基-2,7,10-三甲基吖啶高氯酸盐 | 9-mesityl-2,7,10- trimethylacridinium perchlorate | 1216909-33-9 | C25H26N*ClO4 |
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9-吖啶羧酸甲酯 | methyl acridine-9-carboxylate | 5132-81-0 | C15H11NO2 |
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9-叠氮壬酸,9-AZIDO-NONANOICACID | 9-Azido-nonanoic acid | 141779-77-3 | C9H17N3O2 |
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9-十烯-1-醇 | 9-Decen-1-ol | 13019-22-2 | C10H20O |
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9-十八碳烯-1-胺 | oleylamine | 1838-19-3 | C18H37N |
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9-十七酮 | heptadecan-9-one | 540-08-9 | C17H34O |
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9-十一炔酸 | 9-undecynoic acid | 22202-65-9 | C11H18O2 |
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9-乙酰基咔唑 | 9-acetylcarbazole | 574-39-0 | C14H11NO |
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9-乙基-3-咔唑羧酸 | 9-Ethyl-9H-carbazole-3-carboxylic acid | 57102-98-4 | C15H13NO2 |
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9-乙亚基-3-氧杂三环[6,2,1,O2,7]十一烷 | 6-Ethylideneoctahydro-5,8-methano-2H-benzo-1-pyran | 93939-86-7 | C12H18O |
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9-beta-D-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-2,6-二氨基嘌呤 | 2,6-diamino-9-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-purine | 34079-68-0 | C10H14N6O4 |
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9-[4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基]-9H-咔唑 | 9-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)-9H-carbazole | 785051-54-9 | C24H24BNO2 |
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9-[3-(二苯并[b,d]呋喃-2-基)苯基]-9H-咔唑 | 9-[3-(dibenzofuran-2-yl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole | 1338446-77-7 | C30H19NO |
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9-[2-(二环己基膦基)苯基]-9H-咔唑 | 9-(2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)phenyl)-9H-carbazole | 1308652-64-3 | C30H34NP |
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9-[2-(二异丙基膦基)苯基]-9H-咔唑 | 9-(2-(di-iso-propylphosphino)phenyl)-9H-carbazole | 1308652-65-4 | C24H26NP |
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9-[(S)-3-羟基-2-(膦酰甲氧基)丙基]腺嘌呤 | (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine | 92999-29-6 | C9H14N5O5P |
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9-Boc-7-氧杂-9-氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3-酮 | tert-butyl 7-oxo-3-oxa-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-9-carboxylate | 280761-97-9 | C12H19NO4 |
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9-(苄氧基)-3-(2-羟基乙基)-2-甲基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮 | 9-(benzyloxy)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one | 1008796-22-2 | C18H18N2O3 |
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