有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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9-(碘甲基)十九烷 | 9-(iodomethyl)nonadecane | 1043023-53-5 | C20H41I |
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9-(二乙氨基)螺[12H-苯并[A]占吨-12,1,(3,H)-异苯并呋喃]-3,-酮 | 6'-(diethylamino)-1',2'-benzofluoran | 26628-47-7 | C28H23NO3 |
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9-(6-溴已基)-9H-咔唑 | N-(6-bromohexyl)carbazole | 94847-10-6 | C18H20BrN |
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9-(4-硝基苯基)-9H-咔唑 | 9-(4-nitrophenyl)-9H-carbazole | 16982-76-6 | C18H12N2O2 |
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9-(4-溴苯基)-2-苯基咔唑 | 9-(4-bromophenyl)-2-phenyl-9H-carbazole | 1235563-74-2 | C24H16BrN |
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9-(4-氟苯基)-9H-咔唑 | p-fluorophenyl-9 carbazole | 57103-14-7 | C18H12FN |
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9-(4,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)咔唑 | 9-(4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-9H-carbazole | 24209-95-8 | C15H8Cl2N4 |
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9-(3,5-二溴苯基)-9H-咔唑 | 9-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-9H-carbazole | 750573-26-3 | C18H11Br2N |
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9-(2-萘基)-3-溴咔唑 | 3-bromo-9-(naphthalen-2-yl)-9H-carbazole | 934545-80-9 | C22H14BrN |
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9-(2-萘)蒽 | 9-(naphthyl-2-yl)anthracene | 7424-72-8 | C24H16 |
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9-(2-羰基苯基)-3,6-双(乙氨基)-2,7-二甲基占吨翁内盐 | rhodamine 19 | 25152-49-2 | C26H26N2O3 |
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9-(2-羟乙基)蒽 | 2-(9-anthryl)ethanol | 54060-73-0 | C16H14O |
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9-(2-溴乙基)-9h-芴 | 9-(2-bromoethyl)-fluorene | 108012-21-1 | C15H13Br |
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9,9′,9”-三苯基-3,3′:6′,3”-三-9H-咔唑 | 3,6-bis(9-phenylcarbazol-3-yl)carbazole | 1141757-83-6 | C54H35N3 |
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9,9-双[4-(2-羟乙氧基)苯基]芴 | 9,9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl)fluorene | 117344-32-8 | C29H26O4 |
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9,9-双(2'-乙基己基)-2,7-二溴芴 | 2,7-dibromo-9,9-di(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene | 188200-93-3 | C29H40Br2 |
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9,9-二苯基芴-2-硼酸 | (9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)boronic acid | 400607-31-0 | C25H19BO2 |
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9,9-二苯基-10-(9-苯基-9H-咔唑-3-基)-9,10-二氢吖啶 | 9,9-diphenyl-10-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-9,10-dihydroacridine | 1333316-01-0 | C43H30N2 |
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9,9'-(4,4'-磺酰基双(4,1-亚苯基))双(3,6-二叔丁基-9H-咔唑) | bis(4-(3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazole)phenyl)sulfone | 1396165-20-0 | C52H56N2O2S |
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9,9'-螺二[9H-芴]-2,2'-二胺 | (rac)-2,2'-diamino-9,9'-spirobifluorene | 67665-45-6 | C25H18N2 |
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9,9'-(6-氯-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4-二基)双(9H-咔唑) | 9,9'-(6-chloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl)bis(9H-carbazole) | 877615-05-9 | C27H16ClN5 |
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9,9'-(1,4-苯基)二-9H-咔唑 | 1,4-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)benzene | 19287-68-4 | C30H20N2 |
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9,15-二氧代-11alpha-羟基-2,3,4,5-四去甲-原甾-1,20-二酸 | tetranor prostaglandinEmetabolite | 24769-56-0 | C16H24O7 |
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9,12-十八碳二烯酸钾盐 | 3414-89-9 | C18H32KO2 |
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9,11-脱水夫斯二酸 | 9,11-Anhydro Fusidic Acid | 74048-41-2 | C31H46O5 |
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9,10-双[n-[2-(二甲基氨基)乙基]甲基氨基甲基]蒽 | 9,10-bis-(((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)methylamino)methyl)anthracene | 106712-13-4 | C26H38N4 |
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9,10-双(苯基乙炔基)-2-乙基蒽 | 2-Ethyl-9,10-bis(phenylethinyl)anthracen | 53158-83-1 | C32H22 |
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9,10-二甲氧基铁屎米酮 | 9,10-dimethoxycanthin-6-one | 155861-51-1 | C16H12N2O3 |
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9,10-二溴蒽 | 9,10-Dibromoanthracene | 523-27-3 | C14H8Br2 |
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9,10-二氯蒽 | 9,10-dichloroanthracene | 605-48-1 | C14H8Cl2 |
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9,10-二氧代酮替芬 | 4-(1-methyl-piperidin-4-ylidene)-4<i>H</i>-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-<i>b</i>]thiophene-9,10-dione | 43076-16-0 | C19H17NO2S |
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9,10-二氢吖啶 | acridine | 92-81-9 | C13H11N |
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9,10-二氢-5-甲氧基-9-氧代-4-吖啶甲酸 | 4-methoxy-9-oxoacridan-5-carboxylic acid | 88377-31-5 | C15H11NO4 |
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9,10-二(氯甲基)蒽 | 9,1-bis(chloromethyl)anthracene | 10387-13-0 | C16H12Cl2 |
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9,10-二(乙酰氧基)十八烷酸 | 9,10-Diacetoxy-stearinsaeure | 5929-62-4 | C22H40O6 |
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9,10,12,13-四溴硬脂酸 | 9,10,12,13-tetrabromooctadecanoic acid | 1794-89-4 | C18H32Br4O2 |
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9'H-[9,3',6',9]三联咔唑 | 3,6-di(N-carbazolyl)carbazole | 606129-90-2 | C36H23N3 |
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9'-苯基-2,3'-联咔唑 | 9'-phenyl-9H,9'H-2,3'-bicarbazole | 1345202-03-0 | C30H20N2 |
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8-苯胺基-1-萘磺酸镁盐 | 18108-68-4 | C16H13MgNO3S |
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8-苯胺-1-萘磺酸 | 8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid | 82-76-8 | C16H13NO3S |
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8-苯基-1-辛醇 | 8-phenyloctan-1-ol | 10472-97-6 | C14H22O |
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8-苄氧羰基氨基-3,6-二氧杂辛酸 | 3-oxo-1-phenyl-2,7,10-trioxa-4-azadodecan-12-oic acid | 165454-06-8 | C14H19NO6 |
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8-苄基-2,4-二氧代-1,3,8-三氮杂螺[4,5]癸烷 | 8-benzyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione | 28936-94-9 | C14H17N3O2 |
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8-肼基喹啉盐酸盐 | 8-hydrazinoquinoline | 14148-42-6 | C9H9N3 |
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8-羟基喹啉锌盐 | bis(8-hydroxyquinoline)zinc(II) | 13978-85-3 | C18H12N2O2Zn |
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8-羟基喹啉铜盐 | Copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate | 10380-28-6 | C18H14CuN2O2 |
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8-羟基喹啉铜 | bis(8-hydroxyquinolato)copper(II) | 10380-28-6 | C18H12CuN2O2 |
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8-羟基-5-甲基喹啉鎓硫酸癸酯盐 | Tiliquinol dodecylsulfate | 22816-64-4 | C22H35NO5S |
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8-羟基-4,5-二氢-1H-苯并[c]氮杂卓-2(3h)-羧酸叔丁酯 | 8-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benz[c]azepine-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 247133-24-0 | C15H21NO3 |
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8-碘-1-辛醇乙酸酯 | 8-iodooctyl acetate | 75415-20-2 | C10H19IO2 |
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