有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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Alpha-乙基戊酸 | 2-ethylvaleric acid | 20225-24-5 | C7H14O2 |
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Alpha-4-二甲基苯丙醛 | jasmorange | 41496-43-9 | C11H14O |
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Alpha,Alpha-二甲基苄胺 | 2-phenyl-2-propylamine | 585-32-0 | C9H13N |
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Alpha,Alpha-二甲基-2-乙基苯丙醛 | 2-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-3-phenylpropanal | 67634-14-4 | C13H18O |
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Alpha,Alpha-二环丙基苯甲烷 | dicyclopropyl(phenyl)methanol | 5689-19-0 | C13H16O |
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Alpha,Alpha-二氟苯乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2,2-difluoro-2-phenylacetate | 2248-46-6 | C10H10F2O2 |
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Alpha,Alpha-二[(二甲氨基)苯基]-4-甲氨基苯甲醇 | Methylviolett | 561-41-1 | C24H29N3O |
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AZD9291(甲磺酸盐) | osimertinib mesylate | 1421373-66-1 | CH4O3S*C28H33N7O2 |
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ATRP 羟基引发剂 | 2-hydroxyethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate | 189324-13-8 | C6H11BrO3 |
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AR-甲基-AR-硝基苯胺 | 2-Methyl-6-nitroaniline | 570-24-1 | C7H8N2O2 |
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ALPHA-苯基-N-[4-[(2-噻唑基氨基)磺酰基]苯基]苯乙酰胺 | 2,2-diphenyl-N-[4-(1,3-thiazol-2-ylsulfamoyl)phenyl]acetamide | 313254-51-2 | C23H19N3O3S2 |
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ALPHA-乙酰乳酸脱氢酶 | alpha-Acetolactate decarboxylase (enzyme preparation from bacillus subtilis recombinant) | 9025-02-9 | C21H25N3O3S |
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ALPHA-[[2-(4-氟苯氧基)-9-甲基-4-氧代-4H-吡啶并[1,2-A]嘧啶-3-基]亚甲基]-2-苯并噻唑乙腈 | (E)-2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)-9-methyl-4-oxopyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]prop-2-enenitrile | 620113-73-7 | C25H15FN4O2S |
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ALPHA-(2-氨基乙基)-OMEGA-(2-羧基乙氧基)聚氧乙烯 | 3-(2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy)propanoic acid | 196936-04-6 | C7H15NO4 |
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ALPHA,ALPHA'双(二叔丁基膦)邻二甲苯 | 1,2-bis[di(t-butyl)phosphinomethyl]benzene | 121954-50-5 | C24H44P2 |
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A-溴庚酸 | 2-bromoheptanoic acid | 2624-01-3 | C7H13BrO2 |
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A-二甲氨基,A-乙基,苯乙酸甲酯 | methyl 2-(dimethylamino)-2-phenylbutyrate | 39068-93-4 | C13H19NO2 |
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A-[(氨基羰基)硫代]-4-[2-(5-乙基-2-吡啶)乙氧基]苯丙酸乙酯 | (+/-)-ethyl-2-carbamoylthio-3-[4-[2-(5-ethyl-2-pyridyl) ethoxy]phenyl]propanoate | 868754-41-0 | C21H26N2O4S |
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?9,11-去氢-17beta-雌二醇17-戊酸酯 | 3-Hydroxyestra-1,3,5(10),9(11)-tetraen-17beta-yl pentanoate | 95959-20-9 | C23H30O3 |
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9顺,12反-十八碳二烯酸甲酯 | methyl (9Z,12E)-9,12-octadecadienoate | 20221-26-5 | C19H34O2 |
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9α-氟-11β-羟基-16-β-甲基-3-羰基雄甾-1,4-二烯-17(R)-螺-2′-[4′-氯-5′-乙基呋喃-3′(2′H)-酮 | (17R)-4'-Chloro-5'-ethyl-9-fluoro-11beta-hydroxy-16beta-methylspiro[androsta-1,4-diene-17,2'(3'H)-furan]-3,3'-dione | 1486466-31-2 | C25H30ClFO4 |
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9H-氧杂蒽-9-甲醇 | xanthene-9-methanol | 5490-92-6 | C14H12O2 |
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9H-咔唑-3-醇 | 3-Hydroxycarbazol | 7384-07-8 | C12H9NO |
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9H-咔唑-3-甲醛 | 9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde | 51761-07-0 | C13H9NO |
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9H-咔唑-2-甲腈 | 9H-carbazole-2-carbonitrile | 57955-18-7 | C13H8N2 |
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9H-十六氟壬酸 | 9H-hexadecafluorononanoic acid | 76-21-1 | C9H2F16O2 |
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9H-二苯并[A,C]咔唑 | 9H-dibenzo[a,c]carbazole | 201-67-2 | C20H13N |
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9H,9'H-2,2'-联咔唑 | 2,2'-bicarbazole | 350706-55-7 | C24H16N2 |
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9Alpha-氯-16Β-甲基孕甾-1,4-二烯-11Β,17Alpha,21-三醇-3,20-二酮-17-丙酸酯 | beclomethasone 17-monopropionate | 5534-18-9 | C25H33ClO6 |
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9-(4-叔丁基苯基)-9H-咔唑 | 9-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-9H-carbazole | 57103-13-6 | C22H21N |
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9-醛基久洛尼定 | 9-julolidinecarboxaldehyde | 33985-71-6 | C13H15NO |
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9-醛基-8-羟基-1,1,7,7-四甲基久洛尼定 | 8-hydroxy-1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidine-9-carboxaldehyde | 115662-09-4 | C17H23NO2 |
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9-菲基溴化镁 | Magnesium bromide phenanthren-9-ide (1/1/1) | 71112-64-6 | C14H9BrMg |
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9-苯甲基-3,6-二溴咔唑 | 9-benzyl-3,6-dibromo-9H-carbazole | 118599-27-2 | C19H13Br2N |
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9-苯基咔唑-3-甲醛 | 9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde | 87220-68-6 | C19H13NO |
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9-苯基-3,6-二[4-(1-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)苯基]-9H-咔唑 | 9-phenyl-3,6-bis(4-(1-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)-9H-carbazole | 1258780-50-5 | C56H37N5 |
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9-苯基-1,7-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬-2,4,6,8-四烯 | 3-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine | 92961-15-4 | C13H10N2 |
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9-苄基咔唑 | 9-benzyl-9H-carbazole | 19402-87-0 | C19H15N |
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9-苄基-9-氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3-酮 | 9-benzyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-one | 2291-58-9 | C15H19NO |
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9-苄基-9-氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬-3-酮 | N-9-benzyl[3.3.1]9-azabicyclononan-3-one hydrochloride | 2291-59-0 | C15H19NO*ClH |
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9-苄基-6-碘嘌呤 | 9-benzyl-6-iodo-9H-purine | 83135-13-1 | C12H9IN4 |
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9-苄基-6-氯嘌呤-2-胺 | 2-amino-9-benzyl-6-chloro-9H-purine | 6336-42-1 | C12H10ClN5 |
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9-苄基-3,9-二杂氮[5.5]十一烷-2,4-二酮 | 9-benzyl-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione | 189333-48-0 | C16H20N2O2 |
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9-芴甲酸 | 9-fluoroenecarboxylic acid | 1989-33-9 | C14H10O2 |
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9-羟甲基吖啶 | (acridin-9-yl)methanol | 35426-11-0 | C14H11NO |
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9-羟基铁屎米酮 | 9-Hydroxycanthin-6-one | 138544-91-9 | C14H8N2O2 |
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9-羟基溴丙胺太林 | 9-Hydroxypropantheline Bromide | 93446-02-7 | C23H30BrNO4 |
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9-羟基十八烷酸 | 9-hydroxystearic acid | 3384-24-5 | C18H36O3 |
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9-羟基十五烷酸 | 9-hydroxypentadecanoic acid | 38076-46-9 | C15H30O3 |
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9-羟基-十三烷酸 | 9-hydroxy-tridecanoic acid | 105759-96-4 | C13H26O3 |
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