黄酮类化合物
黄酮类化合物
定义与结构特征
黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：
- 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
- 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
- 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
- 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-[[6-O-(6-脱氧-alpha-L-甘露糖基)-beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-6-[(二乙基氨基)甲基]-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二羟基-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 3-((6-O-(6-Deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)-6-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | 60619-55-8 | C32H41NO16 |
|
| 3-[[6-O-(6-脱氧-alpha-L-甘露糖基)-beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5-(beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖基氧基)-7-羟基-1-苯并吡喃鎓 | cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside-5-O-glucoside | 135558-26-8 | C33H41O20 |
|
| 3-[5-羟基-2-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基-苯基)-4-氧代-苯并吡喃-7-基]氧基丙烷-1-磺酸钾 | 3',5-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-7-(sulfopropoxy)flavone potassium salt | 70412-86-1 | C19H17O9S*K |
|
| 3-[3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4-(3,4,5-三羟基-6-甲基四氢吡喃-2-基)氧基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-5-羟基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-8-(3-甲基丁-2-烯基)-7-[3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 3-[3,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 137218-02-1 | C39H50O19 |
|
| 3-[(O-6-去氧-ALPHA-L-吡喃甘露糖基-(1->6)-O-[D-葡萄糖基-(1->2)]-BETA-D-葡萄糖基)氧基]-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二羟基-1-苯并吡喃氯化物 | Cyanidin 3-(2G-glucosylrutinoside) | 55028-57-4 | C33H41O20+ |
|
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-二羟基-6-(羟基甲基)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-β-D-glucopyranoside] | 152390-63-1 | C27H30O16 |
|
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基甲基]-3,4,5-三羟基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二羟基苯并吡喃-4-酮 | quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)-β-D-galactopyranoside | 134953-93-8 | C33H40O21 |
|
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-二羟基-6-(羟基甲基)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-5,7-二羟基-2-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Thesioideoside | 145937-28-6 | C28H32O17 |
|
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-二羟基-6-(羟基甲基)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-甲基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | 29859-91-4 | C27H30O15 |
|
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-二羟基-4-(羟基甲基)四氢呋喃-2-基]氧基-4,5-二羟基-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-甲基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基甲基]四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Kaempferol 3-(2Gal-apiosylrobinobioside) | 132185-73-0 | C32H38O19 |
|
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-二羟基-4-(羟基甲基)四氢呋喃-2-基]氧基-4,5-二羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Kaempferol-3-O-(apiofuranosyl-(1'''-2''))-galactopyranoside | 132294-84-9 | C26H28O15 |
|
| 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-5-[(1R)-1,2-二羟基乙基]-3,4-二羟基四氢呋喃-2-基]氧基-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二羟基苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Isohyperoside | 35589-21-0 | C21H20O12 |
|
| 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-二羟基-6-甲基-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | kaempferol 3-O-(2''-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside | 142451-65-8 | C27H30O15 |
|
| 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-二羟基-6-(羟甲基)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟甲基)噁烷-2-基]氧代-噁烷-2-基]氧代-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5-羟基-7-甲氧基-色烯-4-酮 | 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one | 137830-19-4 | C28H32O17 |
|
| 3-O-{2-O-[6-O-(P羟基-反-香豆酰)-葡萄糖基]-鼠李糖基}槲皮素 | Quercetin-3-O-(6'''-trans-p-coumaroyl-2''-glucosyl)rhamnoside | 143061-65-8 | C36H36O18 |
|
| 3-O-{2-O-[6-O-(P羟基-反-香豆酰)-葡萄糖基]-鼠李糖基}山奈酚 | Kaempferol-3-O-(6'''-trans-p-coumaroyl-2''-glucosyl)rhamnoside | 111957-48-3 | C36H36O17 |
|
| 3-(羟基甲基)-2-苯基-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one | 29210-21-7 | C16H12O3 |
|
| 3-(环己基氨基)-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 3-Cyclohexylaminoflavon | 37816-09-4 | C21H21NO2 |
|
| 3-(溴甲基)-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 3-bromomethyl-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one | 118092-39-0 | C16H11BrO2 |
|
| 3-(乙硫基)黄烷酮 | 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-(ethylthio)-2,3-dihydro-2-phenyl-, trans- | 69274-41-5 | C17H16O2S |
|
| 3-(乙硫基)黄烷酮 | 3-(ethylthio)flavanone | 69274-41-5 | C17H16O2S |
|
| 3-(乙氧基甲基)-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 3-(ethoxymethyl)flavone | 93367-44-3 | C18H16O3 |
|
| 3-(5-苯并呋喃基)-1-[2-羟基-6-[[6-O-(甲氧羰基)-beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-4-甲基苯基]-1-丙酮 | T-1095 | 209746-59-8 | C26H28O11 |
|
| 3-(4-硝基苯甲酰氧基)黄酮 | 4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl 4-nitrobenzoate | 691392-48-0 | C22H13NO6 |
|
| 3-(4-硝基苯亚甲基)黄烷酮 | 4"-nitro-3-benzylideneflavanone | 77015-50-0 | C22H15NO4 |
|
| 3-(4-甲基苯甲酰氧基)黄酮 | 2'-phenyl-4'-benzopyrone-6'-yl-4-methylbenzoate | 808784-08-9 | C23H16O4 |
|
| 3-(4-氯苯甲酰氧基)黄酮 | (4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 4-chlorobenzoate | 808784-15-8 | C22H13ClO4 |
|
| 3-(2-氨基-4,5-二氢-1H-咪唑-1-基)丙酸 | 2-(m-tolyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | 84437-39-8 | C16H12O2 |
|
| 3-(2-氟苯基)-3-苯基苯并[f]色烯 | 3-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-phenyl-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran | 221680-02-0 | C25H17FO |
|
| 3-((2-O-(6-脱氧-alpha-L-甘露糖基)-beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)氧基)-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5-羟基-7-甲氧基-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Rhamnetin-O(3)-neohesperidoside | 101330-77-2 | C28H32O16 |
|
| 3,’4,7,8-四羟基黄酮 | 3',4',7,8-tetrahydroxyflavone | 3440-24-2 | C15H10O6 |
|
| 3,8''-联芹菜甙元 | 3,8-biapigenin | 101140-06-1 | C30H18O10 |
|
| 3,7-二羟基黄酮水合物 | 3,7-Dihydroxyflavone hydrate | 206360-23-8 | C15H12O5 |
|
| 3,7-二羟基-5-甲氧基-2-(3,4,5-三羟基苯基)-1-苯并吡喃鎓氯化物 | 5-(3,7-Dihydroxy-5-methoxychromenylium-2-yl)benzene-1,2,3-triol;chloride | 19077-86-2 | C16H13ClO7 |
|
| 3,7-二羟基-3',4',5'-三甲氧基黄酮 | 3',4',5'-O-trimethylrobinetin | 132594-09-3 | C18H16O7 |
|
| 3,7-二羟基-2-苯基-4H-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 7,3'-dihydroxyflavone | 108238-40-0 | C15H10O4 |
|
| 3,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | geraldol | 21511-25-1 | C16H12O6 |
|
| 3,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯基)-5-甲氧基-1-苯并吡喃鎓氯化物 | capensinidin | 19077-85-1 | C18H17O7*Cl |
|
| 3,7-二甲氧基-3',4',5-三羟基黄酮 | rhamnazin | 552-54-5 | C17H14O7 |
|
| 3,7,8-三羟基-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 3,7,8-trihydroxyflavone | 108238-51-3 | C15H10O5 |
|
| 3,7,8-三羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 3,7,8,4'-tetrahydroxyflavone | 1429-28-3 | C15H10O6 |
|
| 3,6-二羟基黄酮 | 3,6-dihydroxyflavone | 108238-41-1 | C15H10O4 |
|
| 3,6-二甲基-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 3,6-dimethylflavone | 108983-39-7 | C17H14O2 |
|
| 3,6-二溴-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 3,6-dibromo-2-phenylchromone | 107917-81-7 | C15H8Br2O2 |
|
| 3,6-二氯-2-苯基-4H-色烯-4-酮 | MRS 1088 | 13179-00-5 | C15H8Cl2O2 |
|
| 3,6,7-三羟基-2-[4-羟基-3-(3-甲基丁-2-烯氧基)苯基]苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Neouralenol | 139163-16-9 | C20H18O7 |
|
| 3,5-二羟基黄酮 | 3,5-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one | 6665-69-6 | C15H10O4 |
|
| 3,5-二羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮 | isalpinin | 480-14-8 | C16H12O5 |
|
| 3,5-二羟基-7-甲氧基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代-4H-1-苯并吡喃-8-基丁酸酯 | 3,5-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-8-yl butyrate | 69306-85-0 | C21H20O8 |
|
| 3,5-二羟基-6,7,8-三甲氧基-2-苯基-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone | 14221-65-9 | C18H16O7 |
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