黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-甲基-3-硝基蒽 | 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-8-hydroxy-5,6,7-trimethoxy-2-phenyl- | 80155-01-7 | C18H18O6 |
| 1-氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛-3-基3-甲基-4-氧代-2-苯基-4H-苯并吡喃-8-羧酸酯盐酸盐(1:1) | 1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate;hydron;chloride | —— | C24H24ClNO4 |
| 1-哌嗪乙胺,-α-,2,6-三甲基-(9CI) | Hovenitin II | 71106-82-6 | C16H14O8 |
| 1-吡咯烷羧酸,3-丙基-,甲基酯 | 2-(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-3-nitro-chromen-4-one | 143468-20-6 | C16H11NO5 |
| 1-[3-溴-2,4-二羟基-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基苯基]-3-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯基)丙-1-酮 | 3,3',5'-Tribromophlorhizin | 86158-09-0 | C21H21Br3O10 |
| 1-[2-[4-(3-苯基-2H-苯并吡喃-2-基)苯氧基]乙基]哌啶 | CDRI 85/287 | 130064-18-5 | C28H29NO2 |
| 1-[2-[4-(3-苯基-2H-苯并吡喃-2-基)苯氧基]乙基]吡咯烷 | 2-(4-(2-Pyrrolidinoethoxy)phenyl)-3-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran | 130378-74-4 | C27H27NO2 |
| 1-((5-(7-((6-O-(6-脱氧-alpha-L-甘露糖基)-beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)氧基)-5-羟基-4-氧代-4H-1-苯并吡喃-2-基)-2-甲氧基苯氧基)乙酰基)-4-((2,3,4-三甲氧基苯基)甲基)-哌嗪(R-(R*,R*))-2,3-二羟基丁二酸(2:1)(盐) | (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid;5-hydroxy-2-[4-methoxy-3-[2-oxo-2-[4-[(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethoxy]phenyl]-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 123580-52-9 | C92H114N4O44 |
| 1,4-苯二羧酸,聚合1,3-二氢-1,3-二羰基-5-异苯并呋喃羧酸,2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇和rel-(3aR,7aS)-六氢-1,3-异苯并呋喃二酮 | 4H-1-Benzopyran-8-carboxylic acid, 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-, 2-(1-piperidinyl)cyclohexyl ester, hydrochloride, trans-(+-)- | 147528-38-9 | C28H32ClNO4 |
| 1,2-环戊二醇,1-甲基-,二乙酸酯,顺-(9CI) | 3-Amino-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-7-methoxy-chromen-4-one | 72271-95-5 | C18H17NO5 |
| 1,1-二甲基-2-(2-甲基哌啶-1-基)乙基3-甲基-4-羰基-2-苯基-4H-色烯-8-羧酸酯盐酸 | hydron;[2-methyl-1-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate;chloride | —— | C27H32ClNO4 |
| 1,1'-{2,4,6-三羟基-5-[7-羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-3,4-二氢-2H-色烯-4-基]苯-1,3-二基}二十二烷-1-酮 | 7-(hydroxy)-2-(4-(hydroxy)phenyl)-4-(2,4,6-trihydroxy-3,5-(didodecanoyl)-phenyl)chroman | 144337-18-8 | C45H62O8 |
| +/-儿茶素-2,3,4-13C3 | (+)-Catechin-13C3 | 1261254-33-4 | C15H14O6 |
| (卤)-4',7-Dihydroxyflavan | 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavan | 82925-54-0 | C15H14O3 |
| (±)-4'-甲氧基黄烷酮 | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one | 3034-08-0 | C16H14O3 |
| (S)-柚皮素 | naringenin | 480-41-1 | C15H12O5 |
| (S)-7-羟基-5-甲氧基黄酮 | Alpinetin | 36052-37-6 | C16H14O4 |
| (S)-5-羟基-7,4'-二甲氧基黄烷酮 | 4′,7-di-O-methylnaringenin | 29424-96-2 | C17H16O5 |
| (S)-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-2,3-二氢-5-羟基-7-((4-O-beta-D-吡喃木糖基-beta-D-阿拉伯吡喃糖基)氧基)-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-7-((4-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-beta-D-arabinopyranosyl)oxy)-, (S)- | 81287-62-9 | C25H28O14 |
| (S)-2,3-二氢-5-甲氧基-8,8-二甲基-2-苯基-4H,8H-苯并[1,2-b:3,4-b']二吡喃-4-酮 | 4H,8H-Benzo(1,2-b:3,4-b')dipyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-, (S)- | 69640-78-4 | C21H20O4 |
| (S)-2,3-二氢-5,7-二羟基-6-甲基-2-苯基-4-苯并吡喃酮 | strobopinin | 11023-71-5 | C16H14O4 |
| (R)-乔松素7-苄酯 | (R)-7-(Benzyloxy)-5-hydroxy-2-phenylchroman-4-one | 1159852-74-0 | C22H18O4 |
| (R)-乔松素 | R-pinocembrin | 206660-42-6 | C15H12O4 |
| (7R,8R)-7,8-二羟基-2-苯基-7,8-二氢-4H-苯并[h]苯并吡喃-4-酮 | alpha-Naphthoflavone-7,8-dihydrodiol | 86126-12-7 | C19H14O4 |
| (6-甲基-4-氧代-2-苯基-4H-苯并吡喃-8-基)乙酸 | 8-carboxymethyl-6-methyl-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | 87626-74-2 | C18H14O4 |
| (4-氧代-2-苯基-4H-1-苯并吡喃-8-基)氧乙酸 | (4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-8-yl)oxy acetic acid | 101002-47-5 | C17H12O5 |
| (2S,8S,14R)-5-甲氧基-12-甲基-2,8-二苯基-3,4-二氢-2H,14H-8,14-亚甲基铬烯桥[7,8-d][1,3]苯并二噁辛英-11,13-二醇 | Dracoflavan D1 | 194794-51-9 | C32H28O6 |
| (2S,8R,14S)-5-甲氧基-12-甲基-2,8-二苯基-3,4-二氢-2H,14H-8,14-亚甲基铬烯桥[7,8-d][1,3]苯并二噁辛英-11,13-二醇 | Dracoflavan D2 | 194794-53-1 | C32H28O6 |
| (2S,4R,6E,8S)-8-[(2S,2'R,4'S,5R,5'R,7S,7'R,9R,10R,10'R)-2'-[(2S,3S,5R,6R)-6-羟基-6-(羟甲基)-3,5-二甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基]-9-{[(2R,5S,6R)-5-甲氧基-6-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基]氧代}-2,4',10,10'-四甲基-2,7'-联(1,6-二氧杂螺[4.5]d | Sophoraflavanone G | 97938-30-2 | C25H28O6 |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-二羟基-4-氧代-2-(3,4,5-三羟基苯基)苯并吡喃-3-基]氧基-3,4,5-三羟基四氢吡喃-2-羧酸 | Myricetin 3-glucuronide | 77363-65-6 | C21H18O14 |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2R)-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5-羟基-4-氧代色满-7-基]氧基-3,4,5-三羟基四氢吡喃-2-羧酸 | Eriodictyol 7-glucuronide | 133360-47-1 | C21H20O12 |
| (2S,3S)-3-溴-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-3,4-二氢-2H-色烯 | cis-3-bromo-4'-methoxyflavan | 88186-85-0 | C16H15BrO2 |
| (2S,3S)-3-溴-2-(2-甲氧基苯基)-3,4-二氢-2H-色烯 | cis-3-bromo-2'-methoxyflavan | 88186-92-9 | C16H15BrO2 |
| (2S,3S)-(-)-蚊母树苷 | Taxifolin-3-glucopyranoside | 129212-92-6 | C21H22O12 |
| (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[7-羟基-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基苯并吡喃基鎓-3-基]氧基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-3,4,5-三醇氯化物 | Peonin chloride | 132-37-6 | C28H33O16*Cl |
| (2S)-8-(二甲基氨基甲基)-5,7-二羟基-2-苯基色满-4-酮 | 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-8-((dimethylamino)methyl)-2-phenyl-, (S)- | 183051-59-4 | C18H19NO4 |
| (2S)-8-(2-二乙基氨基乙基)-5,7-二羟基-2-苯基色满-4-酮 | 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-8-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-, (S)- | 183051-60-7 | C21H25NO4 |
| (2S)-6-[(2S)-5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-4-氧代-2,3,4a,8alpha-四氢苯并吡喃-6-基]-5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)色满-4-酮 | (2S)-6-[(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4a,8a-tetrahydrochromen-6-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | 57291-00-6 | C30H24O10 |
| (2S)-6-(二甲基氨基甲基)-5,7-二羟基-2-苯基色满-4-酮 | 6-Dimethylaminomethyl pinocembrin | 183051-62-9 | C18H19NO4 |
| (2S)-5-羟基-2-[2-羟基-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基苯基]-7-甲氧基色满-4-酮 | Scuteamoenoside | 123914-35-2 | C22H24O11 |
| (2S)-5,7-二羟基-2-[4-羟基-3,5-二(3-甲基丁-2-烯基)苯基]色满-4-酮 | Abyssinone V | 77263-11-7 | C25H28O5 |
| (2S)-5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]色满-4-酮 | hemiphloin | 3682-03-9 | C21H22O10 |
| (2S)-5,7-二羟基-2-(2-羟基苯基)-6,8-二甲基色满-4-酮 | matteucin | 77744-53-7 | C17H16O5 |
| (2S)-5,7-二羟基-2-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-6,8-二甲基色满-4-酮 | 2'-hydroxymatteucinol | 154320-34-0 | C18H18O6 |
| (2S)-4',5,7-三羟基-6-甲基黄烷酮 | (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one | 14348-16-4 | C16H14O5 |
| (2S)-2-[4-羟基-3-(3-甲基丁-2-烯基)苯基]-8,8-二甲基-2,3-二氢吡喃并[2,3-f]苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Shinflavanone | 157414-03-4 | C25H26O4 |
| (2S)-2-[2,2-二甲基-8-(3-甲基丁-2-烯基)苯并吡喃-6-基]-5,7-二羟基色满-4-酮 | Sigmoidin E | 116174-67-5 | C25H26O5 |
| (2S)-2-(4-羟基苯基)-5-甲氧基-4-羰基-3,4-二氢-2H-色烯-7-基β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | Puddumin-A | 110187-26-3 | C22H24O10 |
| (2S)-2-(4-(Beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖基氧基)苯基)-2,3-二氢-5,7-二羟基-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | naringenin 4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 81202-36-0 | C21H22O10 |
| (2S)-2-(3-苄氧基-4-甲氧基-苯基)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-二羟基-6-(羟基甲基)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-甲基-四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-5-羟基-色满-4-酮 | (S)-7-((2-O-(6-Deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxy-3-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | 94349-33-4 | C35H40O15 |